Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
F. M. L. Pimentel, N. De La Cruz Felix, L. S. Ramirez, A. J. Ramirez-Pastor
Summary: Numerical simulations and finite-size scaling analysis were conducted to study the problem of inverse percolation by removing semirigid rods from a square lattice. The results show that the jamming coverage exhibits an increasing dependence on the size k, while the inverse percolation threshold is a decreasing function of k.
Article
Physics, Applied
T. A. Sobral, V. H. de Holanda, F. C. B. Leal, T. T. Saraiva
Summary: Injecting a long flexible rod into a two-dimensional domain leads to a complex pattern that can be analyzed through elasticity theory, packing analysis, and fractal geometries. In this study, the relationship between the shape of a loop, local deformations, and forces in 2D packing is explored. Experimental results suggest that the dimensions of loops, whether confined or not, follow the same dependence on deformation, supporting a simple model based on 2D elastic theory.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
L. S. Ramirez, P. M. Pasinetti, W. Lebrecht, A. J. Ramirez-Pastor
Summary: Numerical simulations and finite-size scaling analysis were conducted to study the percolation behaviors of straight rigid rods on triangular lattices, including standard and inverse percolation. The research found that percolation thresholds are dependent on the particle size k, exhibit symmetry, and have different characteristics in various models.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonas Isensee, Lukas Hupe, Ramin Golestanian, Philip Bittihn
Summary: A central feature of living matter is its ability to grow and multiply. The mechanical activity associated with growth produces both macroscopic flows shaped by confinement, and striking self-organization phenomena, such as orientational order and alignment. The study reveals a strong relationship between near-perfect alignment and an inversion of stress anisotropy for particles with large length-to-width ratios. The results illustrate the complexity arising from the inherent coupling between nematic order and active stresses in growing active matter, which is modulated by geometric and configurational constraints due to confinement.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Panpan Ma, Ho-Kei Chan
Summary: Identical hard spheres in cylindrical confinement exhibit a rich variety of densest-packed columnar structures, with the electrical conductivity decreasing monotonously with the corresponding cylinder-to-sphere diameter ratio D. However, discontinuous transitions in the system's electrical conductivity occur at specific values of D, leading to additional conducting paths due to an abrupt increase in the number of inter-particle contacts.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Guo, Rongliang Zhang, Qin Yao Lu, Jia Zeng, Cong Li
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful use of sodium carbonate as a pore-forming agent to construct three-dimensional porous carbon fibers, showing promising applications in the field of sulfur carriers. The porous and channel structures enhance the surface roughness of the materials, increase the sulfur-carrying capacity, and improve electrolyte transport efficiency, leading to higher utilization of active substances.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Prapti Kafle, Rishabh Sanghavi, Azzaya Khasbaatar, Samdisha Punjani, Daniel W. Davies, Ying Diao
Summary: Nanosizing has been effective in improving the dissolution properties of APIs, especially for poorly soluble anticancer compounds. By using meniscus-guided coating, nanothin films of three APIs were fabricated, demonstrating a transition from order to disorder in solid forms with decreasing film thickness. The critical thickness highlights the importance of nanoconfinement in molecular packing, leading to significant improvements in dissolution rates.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hyeong-Gook Kim, Yong-Jun Lee, Kil-Hee Kim
Summary: This study introduces a method for strengthening reinforced concrete columns using external steel rods. Experimental and analytical results demonstrate that this method can effectively enhance the seismic performance and ductility of the columns.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Uday Vaidya, Haibin Ning, Mark Janney, Mark Mauhar, Keith Graham, Martin Streckel
Summary: Engineered carbon fiber thermoplastics were used to develop a composite connecting rod with a design requirement of 14,000 N load and 1 mm maximum deflection. The optimization process included the use of carbon fiber poly ether ether ketone (C-PEEK) long fiber thermoplastics (LFT) injection over molded with carbon/polyphenylene sulfide (CPPS) and carbon/poly ether imide (C-PEI) tapes. The design was progressively optimized by increasing the wall thickness of the small end and width of the center section.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jerome Crassous
Summary: We propose a discrete-element-method algorithm to simulate elastic fibers in frictional contacts. The fibers are represented as chains of cylindrical segments connected by springs, considering elongation, bending, and torsion forces. Frictional contacts between the cylinders are modeled using the popular Cundall and Strack model in granular material simulations. We discuss the physical scales for simulations, contact determination and tracking, and the algorithm. Tests on various situations with few or many contact points are conducted and compared with experiments or theoretical predictions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. S. Tarabunga, F. M. Surace, R. Andreoni, A. Angelone, M. Dalmonte
Summary: Recent experiments and numerical simulations have found complementary features of a topological quantum spin liquid, but the mechanism stabilizing this phase is still unclear. In this study, a relation between an Ising-Higgs lattice gauge theory and blockaded models is introduced, which explains the origin of previously observed topological spin liquids. Using exact diagonalization and unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations, it is shown that the deconfined phases exist in a broad parameter space and are characterized by a large ground state overlap with resonating valence bond wave functions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ana Cadena, Bea Botka, Aron Pekker, Cla Duri Tschannen, Chiara Lombardo, Lukas Novotny, Andrei N. Khlobystov, Katalin Kamaras
Summary: A new method proposed in this study can result in the growth of graphene nanoribbons from small organic molecules encapsulated in carbon nanotubes, producing products with uniform width and chirality, which was proven through experimental validation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianqiao Xu, Wenguo Yang
Summary: This paper explores a generalized packing method for the rectangular packing problem and proposes an innovative algorithm design based on a genetic algorithm to solve the practical steel plate cutting problem. By establishing a multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear programming model, the efficient cutting scheme is achieved. The method has achieved significant results in terms of raw material utilization rate and labor reduction, providing guidance for production and processing tasks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuna Kakimoto, Ryoya Ikemura, Yoshitane Imai, Norimitsu Tohnai, Shoko Yamazaki, Eiji Nakata, Hiroshi Takashima
Summary: In this study, CPL-active molecules with high fluorescence quantum yields in the solid state were investigated. Anthracene derivatives with substituents at the 9 and 10 positions, such as 9AnGlyEt, 9AnB, 9AnPh, and 9,10AnB, were complexed with gamma-CD in the solid state, leading to enhanced fluorescence quantum yields. Among the complexes, 9AnGlyEt/gamma-CD showed the highest fluorescence quantum yield (phi(f) = 0.35), which was enhanced up to 5.8 times. The positive CPL of 9AnGlyEt/gamma-CD was observed based on its excimer emission.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aaron Park, Su Houng Lee
Summary: In this work, the color-spin interactions of quarks, diquarks, and baryons with surrounding baryons and/or quark matter are investigated. The maximum number of surrounding baryons is increased to five, and all possible diquark probes immersed in such surroundings are considered. The study finds that when the number of surrounding baryons is three or more, a quark becomes more stable than a baryon, and the effects of color-spin interactions of multiquark configurations are consistent with the diquarkyonic configuration.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liqun Ning, Riya Mehta, Cong Cao, Andrea Theus, Martin Tomov, Ning Zhu, Eric R. Weeks, Holly Bauser-Heaton, Vahid Serpooshan
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cordell J. Donofrio, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: The study in this paper investigates propensity in colloidal glass formers by simulating potential measurement issues, finding that a polydisperse sample is suitable for propensity measurements if reconstruction errors are avoided.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
S. F. Peterson, Y. U. Idzerda
Summary: Anisotropy constants of magnetic materials are typically determined through time-consuming measurements like angle-resolved Ferromagnetic Resonance (ar-FMR) and torque magnetometry. However, the Stoner-Wohlfarth model can be used to fit magnetic hysteresis curves and extract these constants more easily. In this study, the cubic anisotropy of 10 nm bct FeCoMn films was found to be similar to that of bct Fe and Co thin films measured by other techniques.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yixiao Dong, J. Dale Combs, Cong Cao, Eric R. Weeks, Alisina Bazrafshan, S. K. Aysha Rashid, Khalid Salaita
Summary: The research team developed a DNA hydrogel system with a significant decrease in modulus upon heating, allowing for the control of magnetic nanoparticles to generate structural color through photopatterning and magnetic field application, achieving spatially controlled photonic crystal coloration. This on-demand assembly technology may lead to the development of new smart materials with potential applications.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Julio Gabriel de Falco Manuel, Antonio Jose Faria Bombard, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: Magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) are smart materials with great versatility in mechanical and mechatronic systems. This study analyzed the influence of particle size distribution on the maximum packing fraction, on-state yield stress, and off-state viscosity of concentrated MRF through experiments and simulations.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yonglun Jiang, Eric R. Weeks, Nicholas P. Bailey
Summary: We studied shear deformation of binary Lennard-Jones glasses to investigate the invariance of the transient part of the stress strain curves along an isomorph. Various methods for generating isomorphs were tested, but none provided sufficiently precise results for the large density changes in our study. Instead, isomorphic state points were chosen by requiring the steady-state flow stress to be invariant. We found that the peak stress on the stress strain curve decreases with increasing density, and this is attributed to varying tendency to form shear bands.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuxuan Cheng, John D. Treado, Benjamin F. Lonial, Piotr Habdas, Eric R. Weeks, Mark D. Shattuck, Corey S. O'Hern
Summary: This study computationally investigates the factors influencing hopper flows of deformable particles and finds that the exponent beta varies with the ratio of viscous drag to kinetic friction coefficient.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sourav Sen Choudhury, Sean Peterson, Yves Idzerda
Summary: This study investigates the thermal transport in a system with coexisting superconducting and nematic orders. The results show that the heat transport properties of superconducting states emerging from a nematic background depend on the degree of anisotropy of the superconducting gap induced by nematicity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Xia Hong, Kenneth W. Desmond, Dandan Chen, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: In this study, the flow behavior of a quasi-two-dimensional emulsion through a constricting hopper shape was experimentally and computationally investigated. The results showed that continuous droplet flow occurred at high flow rates, while droplet clogging and intermittent avalanches occurred at low flow rates. The transition between these behaviors was found to be influenced by the mean strain rate. Computational studies further revealed that the interplay between the flow rate and compliance of the system controlled the presence or absence of the avalanches.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ran Tao, Madelyn Wilson, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: This study investigates the outflow of soft particles through quasi-two-dimensional hoppers using experiments and simulations. Results indicate that reducing gravitational force or using stiffer particles can lead to easier clogging. The average number of particles in a clogging arch depends on the ratio between hopper exit width and mean particle diameter.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Escobar, F. Donado, R. E. Moctezuma, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: In a quasi-two-dimensional system of magnetic spherical particles on a shallow concave dish under a temporally oscillating magnetic field, the energy losses from collisions and friction with the dish surface are compensated by continuous energy input from the magnetic field. Particle motions resemble that of atoms and molecules in glass or crystal-forming fluid, experiencing an additional force towards the center of the dish due to its curvature. Decreasing the magnetic field leads to decreased effective temperature and slower particle motion, eventually resulting in crystallization and the growth of a hexagonal lattice structure. The study supports nonclassical theories of crystal formation, where initially a dense amorphous aggregate of particles forms and rearranges internally to form the crystalline nucleus before growing into a crystal following classical theory.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cong Cao, Jianshan Liao, Victor Breedveld, Eric R. Weeks
Summary: The study found that emulsions with different droplet sizes exhibit different solid transitions in rheology, with small droplets showing both glass and jamming transitions, large droplets only showing jamming transition, and bidisperse samples exhibiting similar behavior to small droplets with two transitions observed. The rheological data are well-fit by the Herschel-Bulkley model and the three component model, but the raw data does not collapse onto a master curve, indicating that liquid-solid transitions in dispersions are not universal but depend on particle size.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jean-Christophe Ono-Dit-Biot, Pierre Soulard, Solomon Barkley, Eric R. Weeks, Thomas Salez, Elie Raphael, Kari Dalnoki-Veress
Summary: This study investigates the elastic and yielding properties of defect-free mono-crystals made of highly monodisperse droplets. The crystals undergo successive row-reduction transitions as they are compressed, eventually fracturing in a catastrophic event. The elastic properties are captured by a simple analytical model of capillary springs, while the yielding properties are described by a minimal bond breaking model.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Eric R. Weeks, Keely Criddle
Editorial Material
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
C. Tapia-Ignacio, R. E. Moctezuma, F. Donado, Eric R. Weeks
