Article
Ecology
Stefan Geisen, Shunran Hu, Thomas Edison E. dela Cruz, G. F. (Ciska) Veen
Summary: The study reveals that fast-growing protists play a significant role in decomposition processes, especially at lower temperatures; Predator-prey interactions in microbial communities may affect their composition and functioning.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nicole Feldl, Timothy M. Merlis
Summary: An analytical model for patterned radiative feedbacks that depends only on changes in local surface temperature is developed. The model captures the feedbacks diagnosed from global climate models at different scales and provides a quantitative understanding of radiative feedbacks from simple physics.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ming Zhang, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, Ruonan Fan, Lunche Wang, Wei Gong, Boming Liu
Summary: The study compared the aerosol optical and microphysical properties, as well as sub-band shortwave direct radiative forcing (DARF) in Beijing and Wuhan at different haze levels in winter. It was found that haze occurrence in Beijing is influenced by wind circulation and boundary layer, while relative humidity has a stronger impact on haze in Wuhan where hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles was observed. The increase of fine-mode non-absorbing particles was identified as the main characteristic of aerosol change during haze periods.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Harpreet Kaur, Govindasamy Bala, Ashwin K. Seshadri
Summary: Previous studies have found that climate sensitivity is smaller for solar radiative forcing compared to an equivalent CO2 radiative forcing. This study investigates the causes for this difference using the NCAR CAM4 model and estimates the contributions of different feedbacks. The results suggest that the difference in feedback between the two cases is mainly due to differences in lapse rate, water vapor, and cloud feedbacks.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ivan Mitevski, Lorenzo M. Polvani, Clara Orbe
Summary: This study investigates the impact of CO2 on climate sensitivity using two state-of-the-art fully coupled models. The results show that under CO2 forcing, there is an asymmetric response in surface temperature and climate sensitivity, with climate sensitivity increasing non-monotonically with increasing CO2 concentration.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wei-Ting Hsiao, Yen-Ting Hwang, Yong-Jhih Chen, Sarah M. Kang
Summary: This study investigates the critical role of clouds in shaping the tropical SST response to extratropical thermal forcing using a cloud-locking technique. It is found that heating imposed over the extratropical Northern Atlantic or Pacific leads to a strengthening of the Hadley Cells and trades south of the rainband. The wind-evaporation-SST feedback results in cooling over the southern subtropics, with enhanced cooling in the southeastern Pacific due to positive feedback between SST and stratiform clouds. Cloud-locking experiments reveal that zonal contrasts in SST and cloud feedbacks in the Pacific enhance zonal surface winds, leading to increased evaporation and strengthening of zonal SST difference. The study proposes that the meridional and zonal SST gradients are tightly linked via WES effects and cloud-radiative-SST feedbacks, which are determined by the climatological rainband position and the spatial distribution of cloud properties.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuan-Jen Lin, Yen-Ting Hwang, Jian Lu, Fukai Liu, Brian E. J. Rose
Summary: This study investigates how ocean heat uptake influences the time evolution of radiative feedback, highlighting the remote impact of Southern Ocean heat uptake on tropical sea surface temperature and cloud feedback. The weakening of ocean heat uptake in the Southern Ocean leads to enhanced warming locally and remotely, affecting tropospheric stability and cloud feedback.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nadir Jeevanjee, Daniel D. B. Koll, Nicholas Lutsko
Summary: The study shows that there is nearly perfect cancellation of clear-sky temperature and water vapor feedbacks at wavenumbers where H2O is optically thick. The application of Simpson's Law ensures that the emission temperatures of H2O do not change with surface warming if relative humidity is fixed. The RH-based framework provides a better prediction of climate system feedbacks and suggests that changing lapse rates depends on whether relative or specific humidity is held fixed.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Doyeon Kim, Hanjun Kim, Sarah M. Kang, Malte F. Stuecker, Timothy M. Merlis
Summary: The response of the Hadley cell to increasing CO2 concentrations is spatially complex, with a strengthened rising branch and weakened descending branch. This study examines the sensitivity of the Hadley cell to idealized radiative forcing in different latitude bands and finds that the response is primarily governed by the latitudinal structure of the forcing. The strengthening of the upward branch is attributed to tropical forcing, while the weakening of the descending branch is attributed to extratropical forcing. These responses are amplified by changes in atmospheric heat transport and modulated by radiative feedbacks, resulting in opposing effects from tropical and extratropical forcings.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bosong Zhang, Ming Zhao, Haozhe He, Brian J. Soden, Zhihong Tan, Baoqiang Xiang, Chenggong Wang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between climate sensitivity and the spatial pattern of radiative forcing. The results show that the climate is nearly twice as sensitive to Southern Ocean forcing compared to tropical forcing. These findings have important implications for understanding the impact of different forcings on climate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claudia Tebaldi, Roshanka Ranasinghe, Michalis Vousdoukas, D. J. Rasmussen, Ben Vega-Westhoff, Ebru Kirezci, Robert E. Kopp, Ryan Sriver, Lorenzo Mentaschi
Summary: This study used a multimethod approach to describe changes in extreme sea levels driven by changes in mean sea level associated with global warming levels from 1.5 to 5 degrees C. The findings suggest that by 2100, over 50% of the locations considered will experience present-day 100-yr extreme-sea-level events at least once a year, even under 1.5 degrees C of global warming. The tropics appear to be more sensitive to these changes compared to Northern high latitudes.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Nadir Jeevanjee, Jacob T. Seeley, David Paynter, Stephan Fueglistaler
Summary: Clear-sky CO2 forcing varies significantly globally, primarily influenced by surface temperature, stratospheric temperature, and column relative humidity. The difference in forcing between regions is mainly due to the surface-stratosphere temperature contrast. In tropical and midlatitude regions, the presence of water vapor modulates the forcing by affecting atmospheric emissions.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Casey J. Wall, Joel R. Norris, Anna Possner, Daniel T. Mccoy, Isabel L. Mccoy, Nicholas J. Lutsko
Summary: This study quantifies the relationship between anthropogenic sulfate aerosols and low-level clouds using satellite observations, and estimates the range of equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) by constraining the associated radiative forcing. The results indicate that the uncertainty in aerosol forcing is smaller and ECS may be larger than previously assessed.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Callum J. Shakespeare, Michael L. Roderick
Summary: This study introduces a novel methodology to decompose the impacts of increasing CO2 concentrations on downwelling longwave radiation (DLR) at Earth's surface, including direct radiative forcing and subsequent feedback mechanisms. By decomposing the feedbacks, it is found that the changes in near-surface air temperature play a dominant role in the increase of all-sky DLR, while cloud cover changes have significant impacts on DLR in specific geographical regions.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Fu, Bengang Li, Thomas Gasser, Shu Tao, Philippe Ciais, Shilong Piao, Yves Balkanski, Wei Li, Tianya Yin, Luchao Han, Yunman Han, Siyuan Peng, Jing Xu
Summary: The study reveals that global greenhouse gas emissions are primarily concentrated in the United States, the European Union, and China, while developing countries' aerosol emissions have a more significant negative impact on global radiative forcing. Implementation of measures to improve air quality in developing countries is expected to reduce the negative impact of aerosols but may also exacerbate global warming.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Alan V. Di Vittorio, Kanishka B. Narayan, Pralit Patel, Katherine Calvin, Chris R. Vernon
Summary: Projection of land use and land-cover change is uncertain but important, affecting carbon emissions, climate change, and food and bioenergy production. New land availability data and sensitivity analysis were used to estimate the impacts of additional land protection. Decreasing land availability is relatively inefficient at preserving undeveloped land while having significant regional land-use impacts. Spatial distribution of unsuitable land dramatically shifts bioenergy production and highlights the importance of spatial heterogeneity in land change management.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ganesh R. Ghimire, Carly Hansen, Sudershan Gangrade, Shih-Chieh Kao, Peter E. Thornton, Debjani Singh
Summary: This study proposes a scalable modeling framework integrating the VIC and RAPID models with high-performance computing to assimilate streamflow data at USGS monitoring sites. The result is a reconstructed 36-year (1980-2015) daily and monthly streamflow dataset (Dayflow) at 2.7 million NHDPlusV2 stream reaches in the US. The evaluation shows improved accuracy in naturalized streamflow, particularly in arid regions, and comparisons with other national and global streamflow datasets indicate better performance and directions for further improvement.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Eva Sinha, Katherine V. Calvin, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Beth A. Drewniak, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Khachik Sargsyan, Yanyan Cheng, Carl Bernacchi, Caitlin E. Moore
Summary: In this study, the Energy Exascale Earth System Land Model was expanded to include perennial bioenergy crops, and various parameters associated with their growth stages were estimated and optimized through global sensitivity analysis. The model was calibrated and validated against observations, capturing the seasonality and magnitude of carbon fluxes, but showing some limitations in capturing sensible heat flux for miscanthus. This work lays the foundation for future analysis of the interactions between perennial bioenergy crops and carbon, water, and energy dynamics, and for studying the impact of biofuel expansion on climate and terrestrial systems.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Erica R. Siirila-Woodburn, P. James Dennedy-Frank, Alan Rhoades, Pouya Vahmani, Fadji Maina, Benjamin Hatchett, Yang Zhou, Andrew Jones
Summary: In the coastal regions of the western United States, atmospheric rivers (ARs) contribute significantly to precipitation, but their impact on groundwater storage and hydrodynamics is not well understood. To study this, a combination of two water tracking methods was used to track water parcels generated by ARs. Simulations showed that although ARs contribute more precipitation, less of it is stored in aquifers compared to non-AR storms. Rain-on-snow events were found to play an important role in AR-driven discharge. Despite record-breaking annual precipitation, groundwater depletion still occurred due to pumping activities.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jeff W. Atkins, Alexey Shiklomanov, Kayla C. Mathes, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Christopher M. Gough
Summary: Forest structural diversity and community composition play a vital role in regulating forest microclimates. However, it remains uncertain which specific components of structure or composition, when altered, result in changes in microclimate. This study used data from a large-scale experiment to examine how disturbance severity and type influenced forest structural diversity, community composition, and their subsequent impact on microclimates.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Kayla C. Mathes, Stephanie Pennington, Carly Rodriguez, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Jeff W. Atkins, Christoph S. Vogel, Christopher M. Gough
Summary: Soil respiration is a major carbon flux in terrestrial ecosystems, and its responses to disturbances are important for maintaining ecosystem carbon balance. We studied soil respiration and disturbance severity in a replicated experiment and found that phloem disruption led to a sustained decline in soil respiration for three years. The decline in soil respiration was driven by autotrophic respiration, and this response was consistent across different landscape ecosystems.
Article
Forestry
Ben Bond-Lamberty, Lillie M. Haddock, Stephanie C. Pennington, U. Uzay Sezen, Jessica Shue, J. Patrick Megonigal
Summary: Sea level rise and storm surges can affect the canopy physiology, ecology, and structure of coastal forests, including changes in leaf morphology and leaf area index (LAI). This observational study found that salinity significantly affected tree-specific leaf area (SLA) and LAI in a mid-Atlantic coastal deciduous forest. These findings contribute to understanding the impact of saltwater intrusion on upland forests and can be used to parameterize ecosystem-scale models simulating forest stressors and disturbances at the terrestrial-aquatic interface.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongru Sun, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Tianyu Hu, Juan Li, Jinshi Jian, Zhenzhu Xu, Bingrui Jia
Summary: Forest soil respiration (Rs) is crucial for the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems, but uncertainties exist in its evaluation in China due to the lack of integrated observation data and appropriate upscaling methodologies. This study used a machine learning technique (Random Forest) to re-evaluate the total forest soil carbon effluxes in China, providing reliable estimates and insights into soil CO2 emissions in China's forest ecosystems. The average annual Rs was 776.9 g C m(-2) yr(-1), with a total of 1.17 Pg C yr(-1).
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Maya Almaraz, Maegen Simmonds, F. Garrett Boudinot, Alan V. Di Vittorio, Nina Bingham, Sat Darshan S. Khalsa, Steven Ostoja, Kate Scow, Andrew Jones, Iris Holzer, Erin Manaigo, Emily Geoghegan, Heath Goertzen, Whendee L. Silver
Summary: The ongoing climate crisis requires urgent development of management approaches and technologies to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Soil carbon sequestration provides a low-cost means of removing CO2 from the atmosphere, but its implementation rate is currently too slow to make significant progress toward global emissions goals by 2050.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew D. Jones, Deeksha Rastogi, Pouya Vahmani, Alyssa M. Stansfield, Kevin A. Reed, Travis Thurber, Paul A. Ullrich, Jennie S. Rice
Summary: Regional climate models are used to simulate analogue versions of past weather events under different climate conditions. This study downscaled a 40-year sequence of past weather using a range of time-evolving thermodynamic warming signals based on future warming trajectories. The resulting dataset provides insights into the possible range of future climate conditions and their effects on historical extreme events.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Marguerite A. Xenopoulos, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Deborah Huntzinger, Ankur R. Desai, Xiaojuan Feng, William M. Hammond, David J. P. Moore, Xuefeng Peng, Dork Sahagian, Cristina Santin, Rodrigo Vargas, Naomi S. Wells, Paige Wooden
Summary: We have committed to improving the inclusion of underrepresented members in our community in the publication pipeline of JGR: Biogeosciences. Our commitment includes regular updates on policies, concrete actions, and efforts to tackle biases and promote equitable research. Progress has been made in diversifying our editorial teams, increasing awareness of unconscious bias in peer-review, and fostering inclusion in global collaborations. Our update highlights gender disparities in manuscript submissions and decisions, and presents a pilot program to address ethical and equitable collaborations in resource-poor settings. Next steps include a thorough analysis of reviewer demographics.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Sonali McDermid, Mallika Nocco, Patricia Lawston-Parker, Jessica Keune, Yadu Pokhrel, Meha Jain, Jonas Jagermeyr, Luca Brocca, Christian Massari, Andrew D. Jones, Pouya Vahmani, Wim Thiery, Yi Yao, Andrew Bell, Liang Chen, Wouter Dorigo, Naota Hanasaki, Scott Jasechko, Min-Hui Lo, Rezaul Mahmood, Vimal Mishra, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Dev Niyogi, Sam S. Rabin, Lindsey Sloat, Yoshihide Wada, Luca Zappa, Fei Chen, Benjamin I. Cook, Hyungjun Kim, Danica Lombardozzi, Jan Polcher, Dongryeol Ryu, Joe Santanello, Yusuke Satoh, Sonia Seneviratne, Deepti Singh, Tokuta Yokohata
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongru Sun, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Tianyu Hu, Juan Li, Jinshi Jian, Zhenzhu Xu, Bingrui Jia
Summary: Forest soil respiration is re-evaluated in China, revealing a total carbon efflux of 1.17 Pg C yr -1 and an average annual soil respiration of 776.9 g C m(-2) yr (-1). The spatial pattern of soil respiration shows an increasing trend from northeast to southwest, with bamboo and evergreen broadleaf forests having higher respiration rates compared to other forest types.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Xiaojuan Yang, Peter Thornton, Daniel Ricciuto, Yilong Wang, Forrest Hoffman
Summary: The importance of carbon-nutrient interactions in predicting future carbon uptake has been recognized. The ELMv1-CNP model is able to produce realistic estimates of carbon pools and fluxes and simulate the effects of nutrient cycling. It also shows good agreement with data-driven estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. The inclusion of phosphorus limitation significantly impacts global carbon sources and sinks.