Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yi Qin, Zhong-hua Chen, Jun-Jie Wu, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Zheng-Dong Yuan, Dan-Yang Guo, Meng-Nan Chen, Xia Li, Feng-Lai Yuan
Summary: The circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating bone metabolism, including bone loss. Clock-related genes control signaling pathways and transcription factors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, while also regulating osteocytes and endothelial cells. Furthermore, the regulation of circadian clock genes by novel modulators presents a potential strategy for preventing and treating bone diseases.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Mikolaj Mazur, Krzysztof Rakus, Mikolaj Adamek, Win Surachetpong, Magdalena Chadzinska, Lukasz Pijanowski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of light and the timing of infection on the antiviral immune response in zebrafish. The findings demonstrated that light significantly affects the immune response and the functioning of the molecular clock mechanism during viral infection. The study suggests that the zebrafish antiviral response to infection is regulated by both light and the circadian clock.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaomeng Liu, Niuben Cao, Xinchan Liu, Yu Deng, Yu Xin, Ruobing Fu, Xirui Xin, Yubo Hou, Weixian Yu
Summary: Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in regulating the body's homeostasis, and circadian rhythm disorders can have detrimental effects on metabolic and immune functions. However, the relationship between circadian rhythm disorders and periodontitis has not been well studied. This research aimed to investigate the role of the circadian rhythm control gene BMAL1 in periodontitis. The results showed that downregulation of BMAL1 in circadian rhythm disorder-induced periodontitis led to significant alveolar bone resorption, increased osteoclast differentiation, upregulation of the inflammatory signaling molecule NF-kappa B, elevated apoptosis and oxidative stress levels in periodontal tissues. This study suggests that BMAL1 is a key regulator in periodontitis exacerbated by circadian rhythm disorders, highlighting a potential avenue for periodontitis treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sabrina Klemz, Thomas Wallach, Sandra Korge, Mechthild Rosing, Roman Klemz, Bert Maier, Nicholas C. Fiorenza, Irem Kaymak, Anna K. Fritzsche, Erik D. Herzog, Ralf Stanewsky, Achim Kramer
Summary: In organisms with circadian clocks, the post-translational modifications of clock proteins, particularly phosphorylation, play a crucial role in controlling circadian rhythms. Protein phosphatase 4 (PPP4) and its regulatory subunit PPP4R2 have been identified as critical components in mammals and Drosophila, affecting the circadian system by regulating phosphorylation and transactivation activity of CLOCK/BMAL1.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ueli Schibler
Summary: Mammalian body cells have cell-autonomous and self-sustained circadian oscillators relying on delayed negative feedback loops in gene expression. Transcriptional activation and repression, as well as post-translational mechanisms like phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, play crucial roles in setting the pace of these timekeepers. The study by Klemz and colleagues in Genes & Development demonstrates how dephosphorylation of BMAL1 by protein phosphatase 4 (PPP4) participates in the modulation of circadian timing.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Annika F. Barber, Shi Yi Fong, Anna Kolesnik, Michael Fetchko, Amita Sehgal
Summary: Regulation of circadian behavior and physiology by the Drosophila brain clock requires communication from central clock neurons to downstream output regions. Morning and evening clock neurons have time-of-day-dependent connectivity to the pars intercerebralis, which is regulated by specific peptides and fast neurotransmitters. This study provides insights into mechanisms by which clock neurons signal to nonclock cells to drive rhythms of behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Zainab Taleb, Phillip Karpowicz
Summary: The circadian clock is a molecular timekeeper that regulates 24-hour rhythms in animals, impacting behavior and physiology, including metabolic and digestive systems. Animal models targeting circadian clock genes have shown their role in regulating liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity. Thus, the circadian clock plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic and digestive health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si-Ke He, Jia-Hao Wang, Tao Li, Shan Yin, Jian-Wei Cui, Yun-Fei Xiao, Yin Tang, Jia Wang, Yun-Jin Bai
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and kidney stone disease (KSD), summarizing the risk factors and treatment methods. The results indicate that KSD is associated with systemic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis, and some chronotherapies have been proven effective.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Savino, Claudio Carmine Guida, Maria Nardella, Emanuele Murgo, Bartolomeo Augello, Giuseppe Merla, Salvatore De Cosmo, Antonio Fernando Savino, Roberto Tarquini, Francesco Cei, Filippo Aucella, Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
Summary: This article investigates the relationship between heme biosynthesis disorders and altered expression of circadian genes, finding that changes in circadian gene expression may be associated with the symptoms and signs of porphyria patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Ya Niu, Shuang Tang
Summary: The circadian system plays a crucial role in regulating physiological functions and has been found to influence cancer risk and progression. Recent studies have shown that certain nuclear receptors, which regulate the circadian clock, also play important roles in multiple cancer processes.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Alena Patnaik, Hemasundar Alavilli, Jnanendra Rath, Kishore C. S. Panigrahi, Madhusmita Panigrahy
Summary: Circadian clock components exhibit structural variations in different plant systems, and functional variations during various abiotic stresses. These variations are crucial for plant fitness and adaptation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Min Chen, Yanke Lin, Yongkang Dang, Yifei Xiao, Fugui Zhang, Guanghui Sun, Xuejun Jiang, Li Zhang, Jianhao Du, Shuyi Duan, Xiaojian Zhang, Zifei Qin, Jing Yang, Kaisheng Liu, Baojian Wu
Summary: This study reveals that the intestinal clock plays a crucial role in regulating liver rhythmicity and metabolism. The loss of the intestinal clock leads to a large-scale reprogramming of the liver transcriptome and alters hepatic metabolism. The intestinal clock controls the rhythmicity of the hepatic transcription factor SREBP-1c, which further affects hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. These findings suggest that targeting intestinal rhythms may be a new approach for improving metabolic health.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Suil Kim, Douglas G. McMahon
Summary: This study reveals that light input to the SCN can change the waveform of molecular clockworks, marking clock advances and delays at simulated dawn and dusk. The changes in waveform seem to be greatest in the ventrolateral SCN, while the effects on period are greatest in the dorsomedial SCN, suggesting spatiotemporally distinct responses within the SCN neural network.
Review
Physiology
Sandra Crnko, Hilde Schutte, Pieter A. Doevendans, Joost P. G. Sluijter, Linda W. van Laake
Summary: The circadian rhythm plays a critical role in mammalian health and disease, and a malfunctioning circadian clock can be both a consequence and cause of pathophysiologies. Since the most suitable method of revealing this rhythm in humans is not yet established, further research and exploration are needed.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yong Uk Jeong, Hyo-Eon Jin, Hye Young Lim, Goyeong Choi, Hansol Joo, Bohun Kang, Ga-Hyun Lee, Kwang-Hyeon Liu, Han-Joo Maeng, Sooyoung Chung, Gi Hoon Son, Jong-Wha Jung
Summary: Non-ethoxypropanoic acid-type inhibitors were developed as potent enhancers of E-box-mediated transcription, showing promising metabolic and pharmacokinetic profiles. These inhibitors directly bound to both CRY1 and 2, and exhibited significant effects on molecular circadian rhythmicity as circadian clock-enhancers.
