Article
Energy & Fuels
Jonathan D. Morris, Syed Sheraz Daood, William Nimmo
Summary: Biomass can be used as a near carbon neutral fuel for power generation, but the highly variable composition and limited availability of data sets have hindered the application of machine learning approaches in analyzing biomass ash content and trace element data.
Article
Thermodynamics
Prathana Nimmanterdwong, Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan, Pornpote Piumsomboon
Summary: A mathematical model was developed to predict lignocellulosic biomass structural components, integrating self-organizing maps (SOMs) and regression models for more accurate results, clustering data into 4 groups. Each group showed distinct characteristics, and the regression model pre-analyzed by SOMs outperformed the model without pre-analysis. The model can be applied to biomass characterization and utilization research.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Leyre Torre-Tojal, Aitor Bastarrika, Ana Boyano, Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede, Manuel Grana
Summary: This article utilizes random forest models to estimate the biomass of Pinus radiata species in a region of the Basque Autonomous Community. By tuning the hyperparameters and conducting cross-validation, two models with high R-2 values were obtained. These models were then applied to the municipality of Orozko, predicting a biomass that is 16-18% higher than the predictions made by the Basque Government.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Young Su Lee, Eunhwa Choi, Minjae Park, Hyeri Jo, Manho Park, Eunjung Nam, Dai Gon Kim, Seung-Muk Yi, Jae Young Kim
Summary: This study used four machine learning models to predict the concentrations of PM2.5 constituents at three sites in South Korea. The GAIN model showed the highest prediction accuracy, and the accuracy decreased when data was missing.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shankaragana Naveenan, Wey Yang Teoh
Summary: The concept of Chemical Fuel Cell Reactor utilizes the Gibbs free energy of chemical reactions to generate electricity and chemical products without the need for external electrical energy input. With advancements in electrocatalysts design, this technology is gaining attention and has the potential to enhance sustainability and circular economy of chemical processes.
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dekker Ehlers, Chao Wang, John Coulston, Yulong Zhang, Tamlin Pavelsky, Elizabeth Frankenberg, Curtis Woodcock, Conghe Song
Summary: The majority of the aboveground biomass on the Earth's land surface is stored in forests. However, accurate estimation of forest aboveground biomass (FAGB) remains challenging. This study proposed a new conceptual model using remotely sensed data to map FAGB. The model includes height metrics as the most important variables for estimating FAGB.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abolfazl Sajadi Noushabadi, Amir Dashti, Farhad Ahmadijokani, Jinguang Hu, Amir H. Mohammadi
Summary: The utilization of biomass fuels as a potential renewable energy is favored for its advantages in sustainable economy and environment. Various accurate correlation methods like multivariate nonlinear regression and genetic algorithm-radial basis function are effective in estimating the higher heating value (HHV) of biomass fuels. The study provides reliable results that can be used by researchers to design and optimize biomass combustion systems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haifa Tamiminia, Bahram Salehi, Masoud Mahdianpari, Colin M. Beier, Lucas Johnson, Daniel B. Phoenix, Michael Mahoney
Summary: This study aims to enhance the accuracy of forest above-ground biomass estimation by investigating the performance of remote sensing data sources, examining tree-based machine learning models, and comparing pixel-based and object-based image analysis methods. The results show that combining remote sensing data from multiple sources improves model accuracy, with OBIA providing the best results when combining optical and SAR data.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Yu, Yan Pan, Xiguang Yang, Wenyi Fan
Summary: This study establishes a forest biomass estimation model using remote sensing data and investigates scale effect errors. By calculating the information entropy and developing an entropy-weighted index for scale conversion, the scale error of biomass estimation from coarse-resolution remote sensing images is effectively corrected.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Decai Gao, Edith Bai, Siyu Wang, Shengwei Zong, Ziping Liu, Xianlei Fan, Chunhong Zhao, Frank Hagedorn
Summary: This study examines the global patterns of soil microbial biomass and microbial stoichiometric ratios using a random forest model. The results show that concentrations of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) are closely linked to soil organic carbon, while the stoichiometry of microbial biomass ratios is influenced by climatic factors. The study also reveals seasonal variations in MBC concentrations, with peaks in summer for tundra and boreal forests, and in autumn for subtropical and tropical biomes. The highest concentrations, stocks, and C/N/P ratios of microbial biomass are found in high latitude regions, likely due to higher soil organic matter content, greater fungal abundance, and lower nutrient availability. The findings provide important insights into carbon and nutrient cycling at a global scale, as well as for developing soil C-cycling models.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Florian Lebendig, Michael Mueller
Summary: Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is a promising technology for carbon neutral liquid biofuel production, but ash-related issues need to be addressed. In this study, lab-scale investigations and thermodynamic calculations were conducted to understand the influence of biomass pre-treatment methods on the release of volatile inorganics and ash melting behavior. The results suggest that different pre-treatment technologies can improve and solve ash-related problems during thermochemical conversions.
Article
Ecology
Rakesh Fararoda, R. Suraj Reddy, G. Rajashekar, T. R. Kiran Chand, C. S. Jha, V. K. Dadhwal
Summary: Accurate estimation of spatial above ground biomass in tropical forests is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle. This study combines field inventory data with optical and microwave images to spatially estimate biomass over Indian forests using a random forest approach. The inclusion of multisource data significantly increases the saturation range and reduces estimation error.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoyu Liu, Dali Ji, Xiaoheng Jin, Vanesa Quintano, Rakesh Joshi
Summary: By combining the random forest (RF) model with experimentally observed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data, a complete chemical analysis dataset of Co(III)/Co(II) ratio for thermally synthesized Co-rGO supercapacitor electrodes was constructed. The predicted dataset showed less than 8% error compared to experimental validation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lv Zhou, Xuejian Li, Bo Zhang, Jie Xuan, Yulin Gong, Cheng Tan, Huaguo Huang, Huaqiang Du
Summary: In this study, a new method was developed to accurately calculate the 3D green volume of single trees from unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanner data, and compared with traditional algorithms, showing higher accuracy. The voxel coupling convex hull by slices algorithm can effectively improve the estimation accuracy of aboveground biomass (AGB) by considering 3D green volume.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dinh Ho Tong Minh, Yen-Nhi Ngo, Thu Trang Le
Summary: Utilizing SAR tomography technique can enhance accuracy in classifying forest types in tropical regions, due to its high sensitivity to the vertical structure of forests. In classification tasks, both the ground and volume layers play crucial roles in identifying forest types.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Hanqing Li, Bonan Xu, Hanhui Jin, Haiou Wang, Jianren Fan
Summary: This study proposes two versions of improved EEM, namely the locally equilibrated EEM and the subzone EEM, to enhance the accuracy of charge computing in MD simulations. Comparisons between the improved EEMs and the original EEM in uniform and non-uniform systems demonstrate that the improved EEMs successfully eliminate the effect of unreasonable long-range charge interaction encountered in the original EEM.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Min Chai, Kun Luo, Haiou Wang, Shuihua Zheng, Jianren Fan
Summary: In this paper, an efficient and unified finite difference method for imposing mixed boundary conditions on irregular domains is proposed, leveraging on previous work. The method utilizes level set method to describe arbitrarily-shaped interfaces and ghost fluid method to handle complex discontinuities on the interface, providing accurate solutions with easy implementation.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haiou Wang, Guo Chen, Kun Luo, Evatt R. Hawkes, Jacqueline H. Chen, Jianren Fan
Summary: In this study, three-dimensional turbulent non-premixed oblique slot-jet flames impinging at a wall were investigated using direct numerical simulation (DNS). The flame extinction and reignition behavior were found to differ between cases with different Damköhler numbers, while flame/wall interactions and chemical reactions had impacts on flow topologies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hua Zhou, Zisen Li, Tianwei Yang, Evatt R. Hawkes, Zhuyin Ren, Haiou Wang, Armin Wehrfritz
Summary: The study suggests that incorporating differential mixing timescales among gas-phase species can significantly improve the accuracy of predicting soot levels, while applying the same mixing timescale to all species leads to underestimation of soot mass fraction and overestimation of extinction levels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Pei Zhang, Tianfang Xie, Hemanth Kolla, Haiou Wang, Evatt R. Hawkes, Jacqueline H. Chen, Haifeng Wang
Summary: Accurate modeling of mixing in large-eddy simulation/transported probability density function modeling of turbulent combustion remains a challenge, particularly in turbulent premixed combustion under extreme conditions. This study addresses this issue by analyzing a power-law scaling based mixing timescale model using DNS data of a high-Karlovitz turbulent flame, finding that the model can better reproduce the mixing timescale in high-Karlovitz DNS flames.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hualin Xiao, Kun Luo, Tai Jin, Haiou Wang, Jianren Fan
Summary: The study conducted direct numerical simulations of two adjacent turbulent swirling kerosene/air premixed flames in a model annular combustor under aircraft engine-like conditions to investigate turbulence modulation by flames. The results suggest that combustion increases reactants' mean velocity, weakens turbulence in the main swirling region and shear layers, and enhances recirculation in the center region due to stronger shearing. Analysis of the Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) balance equation shows that convection, turbulent transport, and velocity-pressure gradient correlation play important roles in swirling flames with high Karlovitz numbers. Compared to inert flows, the convection and turbulent transport terms in reactive flows are suppressed in the inner shear layer and enhanced in the main swirling region.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiangkuan Xing, Kun Luo, Haiou Wang, Tai Jin, Ruipeng Cai, Jianren Fan
Summary: Biomass co-firing can influence the formation of CO2 and NO in flue gas and can reduce the formation of NO to a certain extent.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yuzhou Cheng, Tai Jin, Kun Luo, Zongyan Li, Haiou Wang, Jianren Fan
Summary: Large eddy simulations were used to investigate the mechanisms of self-excited spray combustion instability in an aero-engine combustor. The study found that combustion instability is mainly caused by thermo-acoustic interaction, with the formation and annihilation of burning pockets driving the instability. Initial droplet diameter and wall boundary condition have significant effects on the oscillation amplitudes of the instability.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Hualin Xiao, Kun Luo, Tai Jin, Haiou Wang, Jiangkuan Xing, Jianren Fan
Summary: Direct numerical simulations were conducted to investigate flow and flame structures, as well as transport mechanisms of turbulent kinetic energy and enstrophy in non-premixed swirling fuel-rich/fuel-lean flames within a high-pressure model gas turbine combustor. The study analyzed the behavior of turbulence state in swirling flows, TKE budgets, and enstrophy dynamics, revealing the significant influence of combustion on flow characteristics, predominantly in fuel-lean flames. Combustion led to the suppression of transport effects and the enhancement of baroclinic torque in swirling non-premixed flames.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuzhou Cheng, Kun Luo, Tai Jin, Zongyan Li, Haiou Wang, Jianren Fan
Summary: The study found that wall boundary conditions affect the spatial distribution of heat release fluctuations and subsequently affect the prediction of flame nonlinear response. At high frequencies, wall boundary conditions have a significant impact on the global flame response.
Article
Mechanics
Tai Jin, Changcheng Song, Haiou Wang, Zhengwei Gao, Kun Luo, Jianren Fan
Summary: This study aims to establish a fundamental understanding of the flame structure and autoignition characteristics of supercritical hydrothermal flames in three-dimensional shear-driven turbulence. The qualitative transient inspection revealed a three-stage development process of the flame in the streamwise direction.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Guo Chen, Haiou Wang, Kun Luo, Jianren Fan
Summary: The study focuses on the structures and dynamics of flame edges in planar turbulent non-premixed flames bounded with a wall, using direct numerical simulation (DNS). It is found that the flame edge speed is negatively correlated with the scalar dissipation rate and turbulent mixing plays a significant role in flame edge dynamics.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiangkuan Xing, Kun Luo, Yiran Chen, Oliver T. Stein, Andreas Kronenburg, Kai Hong Luo, Christian Hasse, Jianren Fan
Summary: This study employs large eddy simulation (LES) to investigate the Cambridge CCB2 coal flames, showing good simulation of flow field and particle distribution but deviations in OH prediction, indicating the need to extend the two-mixture-fraction model into a three-mixture-fraction model.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)