Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Raju Ranjha, Amit Sharma
Summary: Despite the decrease in malaria mortality and morbidity, malaria remains a significant public health problem in India. Forested areas are major contributors to malaria cases and account for a high percentage of malaria-related deaths. Efforts should be intensified in these areas to achieve successful malaria control in India.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abrar Ahmed, Kara Grace Hounsell, Talha Sadiq, Mariam Naguib, Kirstyn Koswin, Chetha Dharmawansa, Thavachchelvi Rasan, Anita M. McGahan
Summary: Efforts and four strategies helped Sri Lanka eliminate malaria, including support for disease elimination by the government and Liberation Tamil Tigers of Elam, centralized leadership balanced with decentralized program operation, engagement of non-governmental stakeholders, and ongoing efforts to prevent reintroduction of malaria. Lessons learned from Sri Lanka have important implications for malaria-endemic nations in conflict, requiring significant efforts to lessen disease burden and prevent spread of malaria.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Celestin Danwang, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Jacob Souopgui, Jean Gaudart, Jean Cyr Yombi, Annie Robert
Summary: This study is the first systematic review to estimate the diagnostic performance of malaria tests on non-invasively collected specimens. PCR-based diagnosis using saliva and urine samples should only be considered when blood samples cannot be collected. The performance of rapid diagnostic testing in urine is limited, especially in terms of sensitivity. Further improvements are needed for malaria testing on non-invasively collected specimens.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sibonakaliso Vilakati, Nontokozo Mngadi, Jade Benjamin-Chung, Nomcebo Dlamini, Mi-Suk Kang Dufour, Brooke Whittemore, Khayelihle Bhangu, Lisa M. Prach, Kimberly Baltzell, Nomcebo Nhlabathi, Calisile Malambe, Bongani Dlamini, Danica Helb, Bryan Greenhouse, Gugu Maphalala, Deepa Pindolia, Muhindo Kalungero, Getahun Tesfa, Roly Gosling, Nyasatu Ntshalintshali, Simon Kunene, Michelle S. Hsiang
Summary: In a very low-endemic, real-world setting, reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) using dihydroartemisin-piperaquine (DP) was found to be safe, but did not reduce malaria incidence compared to reactive case detection (RACD), possibly due to inadequate coverage and/or power. Improved coverage, complementary interventions, and adaptive ring trial designs may be necessary to assess the impact of interventions in very low-endemic settings.
Review
Immunology
Pietro Refolo, Dario Sacchini, Costanza Raimondi, Giovanna Elisa Calabro, Antonio Gioacchino Spagnolo
Summary: This article aims to emphasize the political and ethical nature of public health interventions and advocate for the integration or recognition of virtue ethics in public health measures. The Italian COVID-19 vaccination program is used as a case study to explore the deontological, utilitarian, and virtues approach to ethics.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Donal Bisanzio, Shabbir Lalji, Faiza B. Abbas, Mohamed H. Ali, Wahida Hassan, Humphrey R. Mkali, Abdul-wahid Al-Mafazy, Joseph J. Joseph, Ssanyu Nyinondi, Chonge Kitojo, Naomi Serbantez, Erik Reaves, Erin Eckert, Jeremiah M. Ngondi, Richard Reithinger
Summary: Despite high coverage of malaria interventions, malaria elimination in Zanzibar remains elusive, with the annual number of cases increasing gradually over the last 3 years. This study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of malaria in Zanzibar between 2015 and 2020 and identify malaria hotspots for targeted interventions. The analyses revealed stable hotspots in certain areas, suggesting the need for more tailored approaches.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emily R. Hilton, Saraha Rabeherisoa, Herizo Ramandimbiarijaona, Julie Rajaratnam, Allison Belemvire, Laurent Kapesa, Sarah Zohdy, Catherine Dentinger, Timothee Gandaho, Djenam Jacob, Sarah Burnett, Celestin Razafinjato
Summary: In Madagascar, indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are important methods for malaria prevention. A retrospective observational study evaluated the impacts of non-pyrethroid IRS in combination with standard pyrethroid ITNs over multiple years. The study found that non-pyrethroid IRS significantly reduced malaria incidence in Madagascar, and sustained implementation over three years had additional benefits.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. V. Padma
Summary: Worries about the diminishing efficacy of artemisinin combination treatments against Plasmodium parasites have prompted scientists to search for alternatives.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric Bender
Summary: Traditional UV air purifiers need to be positioned away from people, but devices using shorter UV wavelengths can change this limitation.
Article
Ethics
Svenja Kuchenhoff, Johannes Doerflinger, Nora Heinzelmann
Summary: The study found that even when reduced to five items, the Genetic Technologies Questionnaire (GTQ) based on ethical principles remains highly reliable and can predict behavior. The scale reveals coherent and ethically justified judgments in laypeople, which may be of interest to policymakers and ethicists.
BMC MEDICAL ETHICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Melissa Graboyes, Judith Meta
Summary: This article presents a case study of the WHO's malaria elimination attempt in Zanzibar and the rebound malaria epidemic that occurred in the decades after the program's conclusion in 1968. The study finds that scientists were aware of the risks of rebound before it happened and recognized the epidemic as it was happening. Many of the challenges faced by Zanzibar in the 1960s still persist today, and ethical questions regarding rebound malaria remain unaddressed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Monica Anna de Cola, Benoit Sawadogo, Sol Richardson, Taiwo Ibinaiye, Adama Traore, Cheick Said Compaore, Chibuzo Oguoma, Olusola Oresanya, Gauthier Tougri, Christian Rassi, Arantxa Roca-Feltrer, Patrick Walker, Lucy C. Okell
Summary: By merging data from Demographic Health Surveys with rainfall, geographical, and program data, the impact of SMC on children in Burkina Faso and Nigeria was assessed. The study found that the impact of SMC in reducing malaria prevalence can be detected through household surveys conducted during or within 2 months after SMC administration.
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christopher Ryan Maboloc
Summary: The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that getting vaccinated against Covid-19 is safer than not getting vaccinated. In the Philippines, the Department of Health (DOH) has implemented a prioritization policy for Covid-19 vaccination, but individuals with special needs like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not included or specifically mentioned in the Vaccination Prioritization Policy, highlighting a policy gap that needs to be addressed.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Coggon
Summary: This paper examines the relationship between the scientific and ethical aspects of public health, stating that public health has a political nature and aims to achieve ethical goals. While political outcomes are necessary for public health, individual members are not required to be directly involved in politics.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel A. Salmon, Paul Henri Lambert, Hanna M. Nohynek, Julianne Gee, Umesh D. Parashar, Jacqueline E. Tate, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Kenneth Y. Hartigan-Go, Peter G. Smith, Patrick Louis F. Zuber
Summary: Vaccine licensure requires a very high safety standard and monitoring prelicensure and postlicensure is crucial for ensuring benefits outweigh risks. Five vaccine safety case studies show diverse challenges and provide valuable lessons for addressing potential safety issues with new vaccines.
Article
Ethics
Athmeya Jayaram, Jacob Sparks, Daniel Callies
Summary: The article discusses the ethical debate surrounding challenge trials in the COVID pandemic, suggesting that making an analogy to non-directed live organ donation is a valid approach. While there are differences between the two, these differences are not sufficient to argue that challenge trials are unethical.
Article
Ethics
Daniel Edward Callies, Yasha Rohwer
Summary: This paper offers an ethical examination of intentionally eradicating the Anopheles gambiae mosquito, the main malaria vector in sub-Saharan Africa. The evaluation focuses on the benefits of alleviating the malaria burden and the loss of value associated with species eradication. The study argues that Anopheles gambiae has minor instrumental value, little final subjective value, and no objective final value.
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES
(2022)
Article
Ethics
Daniel Edward Callies, Darrel Moellendorf
Summary: This paper discusses five different climate policy routes and primarily assesses the possibility of achieving the goal of global warming below 2 degrees Celsius, relying on the moral considerations of avoiding catastrophic climate change and maintaining the right to sustainable development.
POLITICS PHILOSOPHY & ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Daniel Edward Callies
FUDAN JOURNAL OF THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Ethics
Daniel Edward Callies
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHILOSOPHY
(2019)
Article
Environmental Studies
Daniel Edward Callies
ETHICS POLICY & ENVIRONMENT
(2018)
Article
Environmental Studies
Joshua B. Horton, Jesse L. Reynolds, Holly Jean Buck, Daniel Callies, Stefan Schaefer, David W. Keith, Steve Rayner
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS
(2018)
