Tuning antenna function through hydrogen bonds to chlorophyll a

We describe a molecular mechanism tuning the functional properties of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) molecules in photosynthetic antenna proteins. Light-harvesting complexes from photosystem II in higher plants - specifically LHCII purified with alpha- or beta-dodecyl-maltoside, along with CP29 - were probed by low-temperature absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopies. We show that hydrogen bonding to the conjugated keto carbonyl group of protein-bound Chl-a tunes the energy of its Sorel and Q(y) absorption transitions, inducing red-shifts that are proportional to the strength of the hydrogen bond involved. Chls-a with non-H-bonded keto C13(1) groups exhibit the blue-most absorption bands, while both transitions are progressively red-shifted with increasing hydrogen-bonding strength - by up 382 & 605 cm(-1) in the Q(y) and Sorel band, respectively. These hydrogen bonds thus tune the site energy of Chl-a in light-harvesting proteins, determining (at least in part) the cascade of energy transfer events in these complexes.