Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhizhao Wang, Florian Couvidat, Karine Sartelet
Summary: This paper describes GENOA, a generator that produces reduced organic aerosol mechanisms for simulating the formation and evolution of secondary organic aerosol in air quality models. GENOA uses predefined reduction strategies and evaluation criteria to train and simplify SOA mechanisms from near-explicit chemical mechanisms, resulting in manageable mechanisms that preserve the accuracy of detailed gas-phase chemical mechanisms.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Le Cao, Simeng Li, Luhang Sun
Summary: In this study, the performance of three different versions of the CB6 mechanism in simulating ozone, nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde under two different emission conditions was compared. It was found that significant differences existed in the predictions of O3 between CB6r1 and CB6r2/CB6r3 when surface emissions were weak, while the predictions of NOx and HCHO were largely similar among the three versions. As surface emissions increased, the profiles of O3, NOx, and HCHO predicted by CB6r2 and CB6r3 became similar, while CB6r1 consistently estimated higher values. The discrepancies between the versions in ozone levels were more pronounced under weak-emission conditions, primarily due to different dependencies on isoprene emission.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Anwar H. Khan, Billie-Louise Schlich, Michael E. Jenkin, Michael C. Cooke, Richard G. Derwent, Jessica L. Neu, Carl J. Percival, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: Recent revisions to the oxidation chemistry of isoprene have led to significant changes in atmospheric composition, including reduced lifetime of volatile organic compounds, methane, and ozone, increased NO3, and higher concentrations of Criegee intermediates.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Forwood Wiser, Bryan K. Place, Siddhartha Sen, Havala O. T. Pye, Benjamin Yang, Daniel M. Westervelt, Daven K. Henze, Arlene M. Fiore, V. Faye McNeill
Summary: Previous studies on the mechanism of isoprene oxidation have included numerous species and reactions, making it computationally expensive for large-scale atmospheric models. This study developed a reduced isoprene oxidation mechanism using an automated model reduction approach. The reduced mechanism accurately predicted the changes in oxidation products in a smaller-scale model. When applied to a larger atmospheric model, the reduced mechanism significantly improved the agreement with observed data.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qing Ye, Matthew B. B. Goss, Jordan E. E. Krechmer, Francesca Majluf, Alexander Zaytsev, Yaowei Li, Joseph R. R. Roscioli, Manjula Canagaratna, Frank N. N. Keutsch, Colette L. L. Heald, Jesse H. H. Kroll
Summary: The atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is an important natural source of atmospheric sulfate aerosols, but the underlying chemistry that governs the product distribution and sulfate yield from DMS oxidation remains uncertain. Chamber experiments were conducted to simulate the gas-phase oxidation of DMS under various conditions, and it was found that the isomerization reactions of peroxy radicals play a significant role in product formation. The results also showed that humidity can have a significant impact on the distribution and loss of products.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Sreeraj Pariyarath, Raman Vedarajan, Venkatasailanathan Ramadesigan, K. Ramya, R. Gopalan
Summary: Methanol-based electrolysis is a potential alternative for reducing energy consumption. Developing durable methanol-based electrolysers with low CO2 release can lead to cheaper hydrogen production. Recycling precious components is essential to achieve a circular economy in the hydrogen industry.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammadamin Tavakoli, Yin Ting T. Chiu, Pierre Baldi, Ann Marie Carlton, David Van Vranken
Summary: We introduce RMechDB, an open-access platform for aggregating, curating, and distributing reliable data about elementary radical reaction steps. RMechDB contains over 5,300 such steps, manually curated from various sources and encoded in the SMIRKS format. It serves as a central platform for accessing and contributing to the knowledge of radical reactions.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammadamin Tavakoli, Yin Ting T. Chiu, Pierre Baldi, Ann Marie Carlton, David Van Vranken
Summary: We present RMechDB, an accessible platform that gathers, organizes, and distributes trustworthy data on elementary radical reactions for computational modeling and prediction. RMechDB includes more than 5,300 elementary radical reaction steps, each featuring a single transition state occurring around room temperature. These reaction steps are manually curated and represent plausible arrow-pushing steps for organic radical reactions. The database incorporates steps from various sources, with over 2,000 steps extracted from textbooks and/or synthesized from research publications, while another 3,000 are sourced from atmospheric reactions involving isoprene and other organic compounds on the MCM website. Reactions are encoded in the SMIRKS format, ensuring accurate atom mapping and arrow-pushing mechanism annotations. RMechDB comprises a database schema with an interactive online search interface and a request portal for downloading the raw form of elementary step reactions along with their metadata. It also provides an interface for submitting new reactions to RMechDB and expanding the dataset through community contributions. Primarily designed as a centralized platform for radical elementary steps, RMechDB offers open access to this data and platform to facilitate the extension of data-driven models for chemical reaction predictions and other chemoinformatics predictive tasks.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunqing Xia, Qinglong Liu, Ling Zhao, Lan Wang, Jingchun Tang
Summary: This study investigated the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil using FeS@BC and FeS activated persulfate (PS). The results showed that the FeS@BC/PS system had a higher removal rate for total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and n-alkanes compared to the FeS/PS system. Radical quenching experiment and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance revealed that the dominant active substance is sulfate free radical produced by PS during activation. The FeS@BC/PS system has great potential for the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno Franco, Lieven Clarisse, Martin Van Damme, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro, Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-Francois Coheur
Summary: This study tracks over 300 global hotspots of atmospheric ethylene using satellite measurements and finds that ethylene emissions from industrial sources are underestimated or missing in current emission inventories.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhihong Li, Zuji Li, Jiaxiang Liang, Wenjie Fan, Yuhe Li, Yuxiang Shen, Dongsheng Huang, Zebin Yu, Shuangfei Wang, Yanping Hou
Summary: Designing bi-functional photocatalysts is crucial for addressing pollution and energy issues. This study successfully developed the S-Bi2WO6/NiO heterojunction for efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and reduction of CO2. The unique structure and functional groups of the S-Bi2WO6/NiO facilitated carrier separation, reactant adsorption, and achieved high removal efficiency for CIP. The results provided insights into the mechanism and pathways of CIP degradation, and demonstrated the potential of bi-functional heterojunctions for pollutant elimination and CO2 conversion.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manal N. Abdel Azeem, Safwat Hassaballa, Osama M. Ahmed, Khaled N. M. Elsayed, Mohamed Shaban
Summary: The study synthesized stable silver nanoparticles using extracts from marine macroalgae and successfully photodegraded hazardous pigments. Various tests confirmed the morphology and structure of the NPs, while optimization of experimental parameters achieved highly efficient photodegradation of dyes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
W. H. Brune, P. J. McFarland, E. Bruning, S. Waugh, D. MacGorman, D. O. Miller, J. M. Jenkins, X. Ren, J. Mao, J. Peischl
Summary: Lightning enhances the atmosphere's self-cleansing ability by producing nitric oxide (NO) and forming ozone (O-3) and the oxidant hydroxyl radical (OH). It also directly generates the oxidants OH and the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2), with orders of magnitude greater quantities than previous atmospheric observations. Lightning-generated OH in all storms globally may account for a highly uncertain, but substantial, 2 to 16% of global atmospheric OH oxidation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shun-Chiao Chan, Yu-Lin Cheng, Bor Kae Chang, Che-Wun Hong
Summary: The NIR absorption of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) with different N-doping sites was systematically studied using DFT and TD-DFT calculations. It was found that the graphitic N-doping structure exhibited the best NIR absorption due to the spin-polarization of energy states and the electron attraction effect on the LUMO level. These insights are crucial for further designing NGQDs for NIR absorption.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tarun Kumar Roy, Tianlin Liu, Yujie Qian, Christopher A. Sojdak, Marisa C. Kozlowski, Marsha I. Lester
Summary: This study focuses on the identification and characterization of a five-carbon Criegee intermediate, 3-penten-2-one oxide, produced through atmospheric ozone reaction. The electronic spectrum of this intermediate is experimentally measured and compared to theoretical calculations, showing good agreement. The study also investigates the formation of OH radical products from the decay of energized 3-penten-2-one oxide CIs. In addition, the effects of an additional methyl group on the electronic properties are examined by comparing the electronic spectrum of 3-penten-2-one oxide to methyl vinyl ketone oxide.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bertrand Bessagnet, Nadine Allemand, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Florian Couvidat, Jean-Marc Andre, David Simpson, Enrico Pisoni, Benjamin N. Murphy, Philippe Thunis
Summary: This article provides key conclusions and recommendations for decision makers regarding future vehicle emissions regulations worldwide, based on the synergistic effects of air quality and climate change. The study focuses on the impact and formation of airborne particulate matter and organic aerosols, which have adverse effects on human health, visibility, and the radiative balance of the atmosphere. While solid particle emissions have decreased in the past two decades, the effects of brown carbon and ultrafine particles require further investigation. The study also highlights the significant role of gasoline vehicles in emission and particle formation, as well as the challenges that remain even in a future with fully electrified vehicle fleets.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James C. Matthews, Panida Navasumrit, Matthew D. Wright, Krittinee Chaisatra, Chalida Chompoobut, Robert Arbon, M. Anwar H. Khan, Mathuros Ruchirawat, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: Inhalable particulate matter (PM) poses a health risk to people living in large cities like Bangkok. This study measured PM concentrations in northern Bangkok throughout the year, finding that PM10 concentrations varied greatly between seasons and PM in the sub-micron range exhibited the highest variability. Metals associated with combustion sources were mainly found in smaller particles, which may have implications for adverse health outcomes. Health risk analysis showed that the dry seasons had a higher risk of both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects due to the ingestion of certain metals.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rayne Holland, Anwar H. H. Khan, Richard G. G. Derwent, Josie Lynch, Fahima Ahmed, Sophia Grace, Asan Bacak, Dudley E. E. Shallcross
Summary: The ambient concentrations of VOCs in London have significantly decreased over a 23-year period due to pollution control strategies, particularly for VOCs associated with road traffic emissions. The overall reactivity of VOCs has also decreased, leading to a reduction in ozone formation potential. However, VOCs related to non-traffic sources, such as ethane and propane from natural gas leakage, have not shown a significant decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anwar H. Khan, Kieran Tait, Richard G. Derwent, Steve Roome, Asan Bacak, Steve Bullock, Mark H. Lowenberg, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: The application of formation flights in civil aviation is gaining interest due to the fuel burn reduction achieved by flying through another aircraft's wake. It is also found that formation flying can reduce ozone and contrail warming, which are less recognized climate benefits. Different altitude calculations show that at cruise altitude, the amount of NO2 needed for parity in OH loss with loss due to reaction with CO and CH4 is around 2 ppb. The NOx thresholds in northern midlatitudes are the smallest (0.5 ppb) before ozone formation reduction is likely to occur at aircraft's cruise altitude.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Matthews, Thomas J. Bannan, M. Anwar H. Khan, Dudley E. Shallcross, Harald Stark, Eleanor C. Browne, Alexander T. Archibald, Archit Mehra, Stephane J. -B. Bauguittei, Chris Reed, Navaneeth M. Thamban, Huihui Wu, Patrick Barker, James Lee, Lucy J. Carpenter, Mingxi Yang, Thomas G. Bell, Grant Allen, John T. Jayne, Carl J. Percival, Gordon McFiggansa, Martin Gallaghera, Hugh Coe
Summary: This study reveals the presence and importance of urea in the atmosphere, originating primarily from the ocean. It also highlights the potential long-range transport of urea from biomass-burning plumes. The presence of urea has significant implications for marine ecosystems, carbon dioxide uptake, and climate.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pei-Ling Luo, I-Yun Chen, M. Anwar H. Khan, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: The authors investigated the reaction mechanisms between the primary products of isoprene ozonolysis, formaldehyde oxide and formaldehyde, and evaluated their atmospheric implications using a global chemistry-transport model. The reaction kinetics and product yields were studied using time-resolved infrared laser spectrometry. The results showed temperature dependence of the reaction rate and provided insights into the formation of formic acid (HCOOH).
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Richard G. Derwent, Steven R. Utembe, Michael E. Jenkin, M. Anwar H. Khan, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: A global Lagrangian three-dimensional chemistry-transport model was used to study intercontinental ozone transport from North American sources to Europe and Eurasia. Short-term ozone responses at the receptors were highly VOC-dependent, while long-term responses were caused by VOC chemistry depleting the hydroxyl radical steady state. Indices were designed to quantify the short-term and long-term ozone responses, and radiative forcing consequences were estimated.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Anwar H. Khan, Timothy G. Harrison, Magdalena Wajrak, Michele Grimshaw, Kathy G. Schofield, Alison J. Trew, Kulvinder Johal, Jeannette Morgan, Karen. L. Shallcross, Joyce D. Sewry, Michael T. Davies-Coleman, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: This paper explores how interactions with diverse groups in the Chemical Sciences field, including visually impaired adults, Australian First Peoples, primary school learners, and South African communities, have altered perspectives on both teaching and research. The case studies demonstrate the immense value these diverse groups bring to our understanding about how to learn, as well as their contributions to new perspectives on solving chemical problems.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Divya Pandey, Katrina Sharps, David Simpson, Bharat Ramaswami, Roger Cremades, Nathan Booth, Chubamenla Jamir, Patrick Bueker, Vinayak Sinha, Baerbel Sinha, Lisa D. Emberson
Summary: By assessing the impact of ozone pollution on wheat yield in India and using an economic model, we found that ozone pollution has caused significant yield losses and economic burden on producers, consumers, and the government. The government and consumers bear the majority of the costs, and pollution mitigation measures can increase producer welfare but may require new approaches to support farmers.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. Bryant, Beth S. Nelson, Stefan J. Swift, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Will S. Drysdale, Adam R. Vaughan, Mike J. Newland, James R. Hopkins, James M. Cash, Ben Langford, Eiko Nemitz, W. Joe F. Acton, C. Nicholas Hewitt, Tuhin Mandal, Bhola R. Gurjar, Shivani, Ranu Gadi, James D. Lee, Andrew R. Rickard, Jacqueline F. Hamilton
Summary: Delhi, India is one of the most polluted cities in the world, but little is known about the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or the sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). This study provides the first molecular-level measurements of SOA derived from isoprene and monoterpene in Delhi, and demonstrates that both biogenic and anthropogenic sources of these compounds can be important in urban areas.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. J. Bryant, Alfred W. W. Mayhew, Kelly L. L. Pereira, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Connor Prior, William Unsworth, David O. O. Topping, Andrew R. R. Rickard, Jacqueline F. F. Hamilton
Summary: This study proposes a quantification method based on the prediction of relative ionisation efficiency factors to correct the concentrations of biogenic secondary organic aerosol species. The method was developed using commercially available standards and was able to predict the ionisation efficiency factors of biogenic organic acids without authentic standards. The concentration of biogenic secondary organic aerosol was corrected using the predicted factors and resulted in a significant decrease in average concentration.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alfred W. Mayhew, Ben H. Lee, Joel A. Thornton, Thomas J. Bannan, James Brean, James R. Hopkins, James D. Lee, Beth S. Nelson, Carl Percival, Andrew R. Rickard, Marvin D. Shaw, Peter M. Edwards, Jaqueline F. Hamilton
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of three chemically detailed mechanisms to predict the diurnal profiles of isoprene nitrates in Beijing using a 0-D chemical box model. It found that non-isoprene hydroperoxy nitrate (IPN) species significantly contributed to the measurement of C(5)H(9)NO(5), and emphasized the importance of up-to-date alkoxy radical chemistry for accurate predictions of isoprene carbonyl nitrate (ICN) formation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Aerospace
Kieran N. Tait, Mohammad Anwar H. Khan, Steve Bullock, Mark H. Lowenberg, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: Non-CO2 aircraft emissions have a significant impact on aviation's climate contribution, which varies depending on the environmental conditions. Understanding the causes of this spatio-temporal sensitivity can enhance our knowledge of aviation-induced climate change and help identify mitigation solutions. This review paper provides insights into emission generation and dispersion, air traffic distribution, local and global climate impact, and operational mitigation measures, aiming to improve scientific awareness of non-CO2 climate impact in aviation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mike J. Newland, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, Luc Vereecken, Michael E. Jenkin, Andrew R. Rickard
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the reaction between alkenes and ozone on atmospheric composition. A mechanism construction protocol is proposed for automatic mechanism generation. The protocol accurately predicts the yields of carbonyls, Criegee intermediates, and OH radicals through analysis and evaluation of experimental data.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Katerina Sindelarova, Jana Markova, David Simpson, Peter Huszar, Jan Karlicky, Sabine Darras, Claire Granier
Summary: This study presents three newly developed high-resolution global emission inventories of BVOC species, which are important for accurately representing atmospheric composition in air quality models. The inventories are calculated based on meteorological reanalysis data and take into account the impact of land cover changes on emissions.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Waqas, Majid Nazeer, Man Sing Wong, Wu Shaolin, Li Hon, Joon Heo
Summary: The socio-economic restriction measures implemented in the United States have significantly reduced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions. The study highlights the impact of factors such as human mobility, population density, income, climate, and stationary sources on the reduction of NO2 at different stations. The research emphasizes the scientific impacts of the NO2 reduction and income inequality revealed by the pandemic on air quality and health disparities.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guorui Zhi, Jinhong Du, Aizhong Chen, Wenjing Jin, Na Ying, Zhihui Huang, Peng Xu, Di Wang, Jinghua Ma, Yuzhe Zhang, Jiabao Qu, Hao Zhang, Li Yang, Zhanyun Ma, Yanjun Ren, Hongyan Dang, Jianglong Cui, Pengchuan Lin, Zhuoshi He, Jinmin Zhao, Shuo Qi, Weiqi Zhang, Wenjuan Zhao, Yingxin Li, Qian Liu, Chen Zhao, Yi Tang, Peng Wei, Jingxu Wang, Zhen Song, Yao Kong, Xiangzhe Zhu, Yi Shen, Tianning Zhang, Yangxi Chu, Xinmin Zhang, Jiafeng Fu, Qingxian Gao, Jingnan Hu, Zhigang Xue
Summary: An comprehensive emission inventory for China in 2019, which includes both air pollutants and greenhouse gases, was developed in this study. The inventory utilizes existing frameworks and data to provide comparable emissions data and demonstrates the relationship between emissions and economic development.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
I-Ting Ku, Yong Zhou, Arsineh Hecobian, Katherine Benedict, Brent Buck, Emily Lachenmayer, Bryan Terry, Morgan Frazier, Jie Zhang, Da Pan, Lena Low, Amy Sullivan, Jeffrey L. Collett Jr
Summary: Unconventional oil and natural gas development (UOGD) in the United States has expanded rapidly in recent decades, raising concerns about its impact on air quality. This study conducted extensive air monitoring during the development of several large well pads in Broomfield, Colorado, providing a unique opportunity to examine changes in local air toxics and VOC concentrations during well drilling and completions and production. The study identified significant increases in VOC concentrations during drilling operations, highlighting the importance of emissions from synthetic drilling mud. The findings suggest opportunities to mitigate emissions during UOGD operations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Puji Lestari, Akbar R. Tasrifani, Wiranda I. Suri, Martin J. Wooster, Mark J. Grosvenor, Yusuke Fujii, Vissia Ardiyani, Elisa Carboni, Gareth Thomas
Summary: This study developed field emission factors for various pollutants in peatland fires and estimated the total emissions. Gas samples were collected using an analyzer, while particulate samples were collected using air samplers. The study found significant emissions of CO2, CO, PM2.5, carbon aerosols, water-soluble ions, and elements from the fires in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2019.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ligang Li, Yuyu Chen, Lu Fan, Dong Sun, Hu He, Yongshou Dai, Yong Wan, Fangfang Chen
Summary: A high-precision retrieval method based on a deep convolutional neural network and satellite remote sensing data is proposed to obtain accurate methane vertical profiles.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyung Joo Lee, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Michael Fitzgibbon
Summary: This study investigated the changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution levels and their disparities in California, U.S. during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The results showed a decrease in NO2 concentrations, especially in urban and high-traffic areas. However, socially vulnerable populations still experienced higher levels of NO2 exposure. The study suggests that reducing NO2 disparities, particularly racial inequity, can be achieved through continued regulatory actions targeting traffic-related NOx emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Beatrice Biffi, Cristina Colombi, Eleonora Cuccia, Umberto Dal Santo, Luisa Romanato
Summary: This study investigates the chemical composition and oxidative potential of PM10 particles in the Po Valley, Italy, and demonstrates the impact of high levels of atmosphere ammonia. The rural area had significantly higher ammonia concentrations compared to the urban site, resulting in higher levels of secondary inorganic aerosol. Although the SIA components did not contribute significantly to the PM10 oxidative reactivity, they were correlated with the oxidative potential measurements. This suggests that the contribution of SIA to PM oxidative toxicity cannot be ignored.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalie Allen, Jan Gacnik, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Mae Sexauer Gustin
Summary: Accurate measurement of atmospheric reactive mercury is challenging due to its reactivity and low concentrations. The University of Nevada, Reno Reactive Mercury Active System (RMAS) has been shown to be more accurate than the industry standard, but has limitations including long time resolution and sampling biases. Increasing the sampling flow rate negatively affected RM concentrations, but did not impact the chemical composition of RM captured on membranes.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chin-Yu Hsu, Wei-Ting Hsu, Ching-Yi Mou, Pei-Yi Wong, Chih-Da Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen
Summary: This study estimated the daily exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for elderly individuals residing in different regions of Taiwan using land use regression with machine learning (LUR_ML) and microenvironmental exposure (ME) models. The accuracy of the models varied across regions, with the ME models exhibiting higher predictions and lower biases. The use of region-specific microenvironmental measurements in the ME model showed potential for accurate prediction of personal PM2.5 exposure.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Si, Kerrie Mengersen, Chuchu Ye, Wenbiao Hu
Summary: This study found that there is an interactive effect between air pollutants and weather factors, which significantly affects influenza transmission. Future research should consider the interactive effects between pollutants and temperature or humidity to evaluate the environment-influenza association.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luxi Xu, Ruijun Xu, Yunshao Ye, Rui Wang, Jing Wei, Chunxiang Shi, Qiaoxuan Lin, Ziquan Lv, Suli Huang, Qi Tian, Yuewei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ambient air pollution on hospital admissions for angina. The results showed that exposure to ambient particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone are associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for angina. The association with nitrogen dioxide exposure was found to be the strongest.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinyu Yu, Man Sing Wong, Majid Nazeer, Zhengqiang Li, Coco Yin Tung Kwok
Summary: This study proposes a novel method to address the challenge of missing values in satellite-derived AOD products and creates a comprehensive daily AOD dataset for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. By reconstructing missing values and developing a new model, the derived dataset outperforms existing products and agrees well with ground-based observations. Additionally, the dataset exhibits consistent temporal patterns and more spatial details.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yidan Zhang, Yifan Xu, Bo Peng, Wu Chen, Xiaoyu Cui, Tianle Zhang, Xi Chen, Yuan Yao, Mingjin Wang, Junyi Liu, Mei Zheng, Tong Zhu
Summary: This study developed a sensitive method to measure the metallic components of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and compared the results with different analysis methods. The concentrations of metallic components in personal PM2.5 samples were found to be significantly different from corresponding fixed-site samples. Personal sampling can reduce exposure misclassifications, and measuring metallic components is useful for exploring health risks and identifying sources of PM2.5.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jamie Leonard, Lea Ann El Rassi, Mona Abdul Samad, Samantha Prehn, Sanjay K. Mohanty
Summary: Increasing concentrations of microplastics in the Earth's atmosphere could have adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. The deposition rate of airborne microplastics is influenced by both land use and climate, and a global analysis suggests that climate may have a greater impact on the concentration and deposition rate of microplastics than land use.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tian Zhou, Xiaowen Zhou, Zining Yang, Carmen Cordoba-Jabonero, Yufei Wang, Zhongwei Huang, Pengbo Da, Qiju Luo, Zhijuan Zhang, Jinsen Shi, Jianrong Bi, Hocine Alikhodja
Summary: This study investigated the long-range transport and effects of North African and Middle Eastern dust in East Asia using lidar observations and model simulations. The results showed that the dust originated from multiple sources and had a long transport time. The vertical distribution of the dust was found to be crucial for assessing its impacts.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
