Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Aoyu, Wang Fuqiang, Cheng Ziming, Liang Huaxu, Shi Xuhang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of non-uniform particle size distribution and dependent scattering on the radiative transfer in dispersed particulate media, and proposes a method that combines these two effects. The authors develop a multiple sphere T-matrix (MSTM) method and incorporate measured non-uniform particle size distribution to accurately calculate the radiative properties of dispersed particulate media.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Habib Pouriayevali
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the rate and size dependency of single crystals and proposes a thermodynamically consistent model based on the finite-deformation single-crystal gradient plasticity framework. The numerical results obtained through a two-dimensional framework and based on a common set of material and modeling parameters were compared with existing experimental data, showing the promising potential of the model.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Roman Gajda, Anna Piekara, Daniel Tcho, Krzysztof Wozniak, Wojciech A. Slawinski
Summary: This study focuses on the H4B4O92- ion in the (NH4)2B(4)O(5)(OH)(4)・2H(2)O crystal structure, which consists of two types of boron-oxygen bonds. The differences in bond lengths and electron density distribution topology provide clues for distinguishing between these bond types. Experimental results, theoretical calculations, and literature data show excellent agreement. Additionally, a novel synthesis method for the compound has been developed.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Abbas Assadi, Hossein Najaf, Mostafa Nazemizadeh
Summary: This paper investigates size-dependent vibration of single-crystalline nanoplates with cubic anisotropy using the generalized differential quadrature method. The results show that size scale parameters have different effects on vibration depending on material orientation and boundary conditions. In particular, the natural frequency of FCC materials decreases as the nanoplate rotates from [100] to [110] axis.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunae Cho, Hye Ri Jung, William Jo
Summary: This paper presents a photo-induced defect characterization of CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr(3)) perovskite single crystals using an interpretation of photo-current and photo-capacitance measurement. The bulk and the interfacial defect densities of MAPbBr(3) crystals with a gold electrode are examined by the characterization of photo-capacitive response under three different wavelengths of light. The transient photo-response of the single crystals reveals the occurrence of carrier trapping and a recombination process, providing a possible origin of defects in MAPbBr(3) single crystals.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Balaji Selvarajou, Mark Hyunpong Jhon, R. Ramanujan, Siu Sin Quek
Summary: Titanium aluminide alloys exhibit excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, but their microstructure shows highly anisotropic behavior, and the associated micromechanics are not well understood. In this study, crystal plasticity finite element techniques are used to establish structure-property relationships and reveal the complex interplay between lamellar orientation, structural length scale, temperature, and stress state. The results provide insights for improving damage tolerance in these alloys.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Shengfei Wang, Ting Tan, Jin Zhuo, Xiangyang Lei, Zhichao Liu, Feng Geng, Wenfei Feng, Jian Wang, Qiao Xu
Summary: This study investigates the influence of fly-cutting parameters on the surface features and material deformation mechanism of DKDP crystal. Two new microstructures, micro grains and ripples, are found on the processed DKDP surfaces. It is found that the micro grains are generated by the slip motion of the crystal, while cracks are induced by the tensile stress formed behind the cutting edge. Laser damage tests show that cracks significantly degrade the damage performance, while the formation of micro grains and micro ripples has little impact.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jinhui Guo, Yanan Ke, Yuanyuan Wu, Bohong Gu, Baozhong Sun
Summary: This study investigated the effects of defect sizes at different locations on the compressive behaviors of 3D braided composites. It was found that the compressive strength decreases with increasing defect size, and the size effect of defects in the center region is more significant. The finite element analysis revealed stress concentration around defects, where the stress magnitude increased with defect size, leading to a decrease in compressive strength.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jinhui Guo, Yanan Ke, Yuanyuan Wu, Bohong Gu, Baozhong Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of defect sizes at different locations on the compressive behaviors of 3D braided composites. The study finds that the compressive strength decreases and damages deteriorate with the defect size. The size effect of the defect in the center region is more significant than that in the surface region.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Ong'are Oluoch, Hugo De Groote, Zachary M. Gitonga, Zhenong Jin, Kyle Frankel Davis
Summary: The study suggests that improving agronomic factors is crucial for increasing rainfed maize productivity in Kenya and can offset the effects of climate change. These findings may also offer insights into similar challenges for other crops.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qingyuan Hu, Huimin Liao, Xin Liu, Li Jin, Kexin Song, Yongyong Zhuang, Zhuo Xu, Vladimir Ya Shur, Xiaoyong Wei
Summary: In this study, a thermal annealing and high temperature poling approach is proposed to enhance the piezoelectricity of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 crystals. The manipulation of defects and defect polarization orientation results in a more polarized crystal. The improved piezoelectric property achieved under a maintained Curie temperature indicates the feasibility of the approach.
JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhening Fang, Mengying Hu, Lei Zhou, Kun Ding
Summary: This paper proposes a method to achieve the skin effect by designing a photonic crystal system with exceptional points. By revealing the inherent connection between the nontrivial eigenvalue topology of the system and the skin effect, we successfully design a two-dimensional photonic crystal with the desired skin effect. Through calculations and simulations, we demonstrate the existence of the desired skin effect at specific crystalline interfaces.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Huan Yin, Weizhen Wang, Zhongzhan Zhang
Summary: In phase II clinical trials on cancer, it is crucial to establish the effectiveness and safety of a new treatment simultaneously. This study introduces two new sets of hypotheses that consider the association between the two factors and constructs optimal two-stage designs to test these hypotheses. The proposed designs have strict control over performance measures and can effectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of the new treatment.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuo Wang, Qian Zhao, Abhijit Hazarika, Simiao Li, Yue Wu, Yaxin Zhai, Xihan Chen, Joseph M. Luther, Guoran Li
Summary: A detailed picture of temperature dependent behavior of Cs(x)FA(1-x)PbI(3) perovskite quantum dots is constructed by in situ optical spectroscopic and structural measurements. The thermal degradation mechanism depends on both the exact chemical composition and the ligand binding energy. Cs-rich quantum dots undergo a phase transition from black gamma-phase to yellow delta-phase, while FA-rich quantum dots directly decompose into PbI2. Quantum dot growth is observed at elevated temperatures. FA-rich quantum dots exhibit stronger electron-longitudinal optical phonon coupling, leading to a higher probability of exciton dissociation compared to Cs-rich quantum dots. Surface ligand-induced strain enables full-range A-site tuning.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammad Musavinezhad, Alexey Shkarin, Dominik Rattenbacher, Jan Renger, Tobias Utikal, Stephan Go''tzinger, Vahid Sandoghdar
Summary: In this study, we measured the quantum efficiency (QE) of individual dibenzoterrylene (DBT) molecules embedded in p-dichlorobenzene at cryogenic temperatures using two distinct methods. The results obtained from both methods were in good agreement and showed that a large fraction of molecules had QE values above 50%, with some exceeding 70%. We also observed no correlation between the observed lower bound on QE and the lifetime of the molecule, suggesting that most of the molecules had a QE exceeding the established lower bound. This confirms the suitability of DBT for quantum optics experiments and indicates a strong temperature dependence of QE.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yang Xue, Hiro Tanaka, Yoji Shibutani
Summary: The concept of multi-material design has been widely used in various industries, and adhesive bonding is a favored method due to its lightweight advantage. This study compares the failure functions of epoxy adhesive and acrylic adhesive, and applies them to the shape optimization of the adhesive layer under different loading conditions to improve the strength of bonded structures.
JOURNAL OF ADHESION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lei Jia, Minghao Hou, Chen Zhang, Jin Xu, Shufeng Li, Zhenlin Lu, Katsuyoshi Kondoh
Summary: Ti(O)-B4C diffusion couples and (TiC + TiB)/Ti(O) composites were prepared to study the accelerated diffusion phenomenon and its influence at beta transition temperatures (beta(t)) of Ti matrix. Results showed that the thickness of reaction products in Ti(O)-B4C reached the maximum when sintered at beta(t), indicating that the alpha/beta transition of Ti matrix accelerated the diffusion of atoms. Additionally, (TiC + TiB)/Ti(O) composites had the highest size and number of reinforcements when sintered at beta(t), but had the lowest flexural strength and plasticity due to interface stripping.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xin Zhang, Xin Li, Lei Liu, Bo Li, Xiaodong Hou, Deng Pan, Lina Gao, Shufeng Li
Summary: A new alloying strategy is proposed in this study to regulate the weak intrinsic interface and uncontrollable interfacial reaction in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs). The addition of Si element inhibits the interface reaction between Al and CNTs by hindering the dissolution and diffusion of carbon atoms in the Al matrix. The strength of the AMCs is enhanced through grain refinement, dislocation increment, improved wettability and interface bonding, as well as load transfer to CNTs.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiro Tanaka, Yuji Seki, Shohei Ueno, Yoji Shibutani
Summary: A new class of deformation for planar loop structures made of slender elastic bodies and joints is introduced. Through piecewise deflections and discrete rotations, diverse three-dimensional deformations, resembling conformations of molecular ring systems, are achieved. Image processing is used for the three-dimensional reconstructions of the deformed structures, characterizing the number, geometry, and initial imperfections of the body segments. The study reveals that the conformational deformation, without self-stress, results from a cyclical assembly of compressive bending of elastic bodies with high shear rigidity. These mechanical insights can be applied in controlling polymorphism exhibited by cyclical structures across scales.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
So Nagashima, Naoki Akamatsu, Xiangfu Cheng, Seishiro Matsubara, Shohei Ida, Hiro Tanaka, Makoto Uchida, Dai Okumura
Summary: The swelling of a gel film attached to a soft substrate can lead to the formation of highly organized patterns like wrinkles. However, it is challenging to create centimeter-scale patterns without immersing the film in a solvent. In this study, we demonstrate that wrinkles with wavelengths of up to a few centimeters can spontaneously form during the open-air fabrication of film-substrate bilayers of polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels. The formation of these patterns is attributed to surface instability caused by water transport in the bilayer system.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shaolong Li, Shufeng Li, Lei Liu, Lina Gao, Yabo Fu, Xin Zhang, Bo Li
Summary: Understanding the softening mechanisms of high-temperature titanium alloys is crucial for ensuring their stability and safety at service temperatures. This study investigated the softening behavior and failure mode of high-temperature titanium alloy TA15 at service temperatures. It was found that the size of the coarse prior β grains in TA15 affects its tensile strength, with larger grain sizes leading to lower strength and the occurrence of grain boundary softening and fracture at high temperatures. Increasing the equi-cohesive temperature of the alloy shows promise for improving its service temperature.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinghua Ji, Shufeng Li, Xin Zhang, Lei Liu, Shaolong Li, Lina Gao, Xin Li, Shaodi Wang
Summary: The problems of SiC particles reinforced AlSi10Mg composites prepared by traditional casting method can be improved by powder metallurgy. This study analyzed the influence of SiC particle size and content on the properties of SiC/AlSi10Mg composites. The obtained composites showed a dense microstructure without interfacial reaction phase. The strength of SiC/AlSi10Mg increased with the increase of nm-SiC content, while the strength hardly changed with the increase of μm-SiC content. The deformation between μm-SiC and AlSi10Mg matrix was not coordinated, leading to interface cracking or μm-SiC fracture.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yinfeng Jia, Rui Fu, Chao Ling, Zheng Shen, Liang Zheng, Zheng Zhong, Youshi Hong
Summary: The microstructural defects and inhomogeneity of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricated titanium alloys significantly influence their fatigue behaviors, especially in the very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime. Most existing models and machine learning algorithms focus on the fatigue behavior of LPBF-fabricated titanium alloys in the high-cycle fatigue (HCF) regime and neglect the VHCF regime. This study proposes a deep belief neural network-back propagation (DBN-BP) model to accurately predict the fatigue life of LPBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys in both HCF and VHCF regimes. The optimized DBN-BP model demonstrates high precision and stability in predicting the fatigue life and provides insights into the relation between mean stress, stress amplitude, and energy density on the fatigue behavior of LPBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys in the VHCF regime.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chao Ling, Dong-Feng Li, Esteban P. Busso
Summary: The use of a neural network surrogate model for predicting the behavior of single crystals with voids under creep loadings was investigated. The model was found to accurately predict the deformation behavior and porosity evolution of porous single crystals within the interpolation range, with good extrapolation ability for stress triaxiality lower than 1/3.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shaodi Wang, Shufeng Li, Lei Liu, Shaolong Li, Lina Gao, Huiying Liu, Xin Zhang, Bo Li, Biao Chen, Junko Umeda, Katsuyoshi Kondoh, Shengyin Zhou
Summary: The addition of iron element can significantly refine the grain size of the α-Ti matrix and improve the mechanical properties of titanium-based composites, especially the tensile strength and elongation. The improvement in mechanical properties is mainly attributed to solution strengthening, fine grain strengthening, and load-bearing strengthening.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Liu, Shufeng Li, Deng Pan, Dongxu Hui, Xin Zhang, Bo Li, Tianshou Liang, Pengpeng Shi, Abdollah Bahador, Junko Umeda, Katsuyoshi Kondoh, Shaolong Li, Lina Gao, Zhimao Wang, Gang Li, Shuyan Zhang, Ruihong Wang, Wenge Chen
Summary: In this study, a new strategy for developing titanium matrix composites (TMCs) with a dual-structure is proposed. The TMCs achieve enhanced strength compared to homostructure composites, while maintaining 12.0% elongation comparable to the matrix Ti6Al4V alloys. This is achieved by using a TiB whisker rich region engendered fine grain Ti6Al4V matrix with a three-dimensional micropellet architecture (3D-MPA) as the primary structure and evenly distributed 3D-MPA reinforcements and a TiBw-lean titanium matrix as the overall structure.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiming Zhang, Shufeng Li, Shaodi Wang, Deng Pan, Lei Liu, Shaolong Li, Lina Gao, Huiying Liu, Xin Zhang, Bo Li, Shengyin Zhou
Summary: This study developed a self-designed spherical Ti64 powder containing nanosized TiB whisker (TiBw) and used it as feedstock to prepare Ti64-TiBw composites by electron beam melting (EBM). The size characteristics and heat treatment temperature have significant effects on the interface structure and microstructure evolution of the composites.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jingchi Zhang, Chao Ling
Summary: This study investigates the deformation mechanisms, tensile deformation behavior, and texture evolution of zinc alloys through experiments and simulations. The findings show that the loading direction and strain rate have significant effects on the flow stress and the activity of different slip systems.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Junko Umeda, Hiroko Fujii, Ryota Takizawa, Takuma Teramae, Ammarueda Issariyapat, Shota Kariya, Yafeng Yang, Shufeng Li, Katsuyoshi Kondoh
Summary: The study shows that the tribological properties of titanium matrix composites with ring-shaped TiN dispersoids are improved, leading to a significantly lower and more stable friction coefficient compared to pure titanium specimens. This enhancement is attributed to the ring-shaped, hard TiN dispersoids preventing adhesion phenomenon and improving oil film formability.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Che Yan, Li Shufeng, Nan Yingying, Pan Deng, Liu Lei, Zhang Xin, Zhou Shengyin, Yang Shenghui
Summary: Ti(N)-TiBw composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the effect of annealing temperature on their microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The results showed that dense composites with high tensile strength could be obtained at 1000 degrees C.
RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)