期刊
ARCTIC
卷 69, 期 3, 页码 281-285出版社
ARCTIC INST N AMER
DOI: 10.14430/arctic4580
关键词
Arctic; avian; climate change; black fly; mortality; Peregrine Falcon; Simuliidae
资金
- ArcticNet
- Department of Environment/Government of Nunavut
- Mitacs in partnership with Agnico Eagle Meliadine Mine
- Peregrine Fund
- NSERC
- FQRNT
- NSTP
- C/Bar
- Board of the Kangiqliniq Hunters and Trappers Organization
This note describes nestling mortality in Arctic Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus tundrius) due to the biting effects of blood-feeding black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). At a nest site near Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, Canada (62 degrees 49' N, 92 degrees 05' W), a brood of four nestlings died on 20 July 2013 from the direct effects of severe bites attributed to black flies. Within three hours of the onset of blood-feeding, black flies had caused widespread, uniformly distributed hemorrhagic coalescent lesions over the head and body of all nestlings. Approximately seven hours after the first flies appeared, the female falcon removed the carcasses of the dead nestlings from the nest. Nestlings at eight additional sites also suffered the effects of biting black flies in 2013, resulting in the deaths of 13 of 35 nestlings. A less pronounced outbreak also occurred in 2012 and resulted in the deaths of seven nestlings at four sites. No nestling mortality due to black flies has been documented in any other year from 1982 through 2015. To our knowledge, these observations document the northernmost lethal attack by ornithophilic black flies in North America.
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