Article
Neurosciences
Yuying Cen, Yuheng Shan, Jiahua Zhao, Xiaojiao Xu, Zhiyong Nie, Jiatang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of major transporters at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in rats. The results showed that the efflux of levofloxacin from the central nervous system involves multi-drug resistance-associated proteins, breast cancer resistance protein, and organic anion transporters. The concentrations of levofloxacin in cerebrospinal fluid can be used as a surrogate to predict the concentrations inside the brain parenchyma.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bikram Khadka, Jae-Young Lee, Eui Kyun Park, Ki-Taek Kim, Jong-Sup Bae
Summary: Natural compounds can interact with drugs during the treatment of brain disorders, affecting the pharmacokinetic properties and cellular transport of drugs, potentially leading to synergistic toxicity or impeding drug interactions. Challenges arising from these natural compound-drug interactions and recent research approaches are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: This study investigated the impact of altered cerebral blood flow, tight junction paracellular pore radius, brain extracellular fluid volume, and pH values on drug transport and concentrations in the central nervous system. The results showed drug-dependent effects of pathophysiological changes on blood-brain barrier transport and drug concentrations within the brain extracellular and intracellular fluid. Changes in pore radius, pH values, and blood flow affected the rate and extent of drug transport, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in drug delivery to the brain.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Haishu Chen, Jinan Xu, Hanyuan Xu, Tiancheng Luo, Yihao Li, Ke Jiang, Yangping Shentu, Zhiqian Tong
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. However, drugs targeting Aβ and tau have not shown satisfactory clinical efficacy, challenging the hypothesis that AD is solely caused by Aβ cascade. Recent research suggests that endogenous formaldehyde, which increases with age, plays a direct role in the aggregation of Aβ and phosphorylation of tau, providing a new target for AD therapy. Moreover, the accumulation of Aβ in the extracellular space (ECS) hampers interstitial fluid drainage, hindering the successful delivery of AD drugs.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miguel M. Lino, Susana Simoes, Francesca Tomatis, Ines Albino, Angela Barrera, Denis Vivien, Tomas Sobrino, Lino Ferreira
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as communication channels between different cell types in the brain and between the brain and the periphery, showing potential as nano-carriers for treating brain pathologies. While EVs contain bioactive factors and can be engineered for enhanced biological activity, challenges remain in their accumulation and therapeutic efficacy in the brain.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruoning Wang, Xiaohong Wang, Yuting Zhang, Huacong Zhao, Jiwei Cui, Junsong Li, Liuqing Di
Summary: In the past decade, bio-nanoparticles inspired by nature, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs), have shown promise for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases. These nanosized vesicles, with natural blood-brain barrier-crossability and excellent biocompatibility, offer a potential avenue for novel therapeutic and drug delivery applications in the field of brain diseases. Advances in EV nanotechnology provide new opportunities for the development of EV-based therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Roland Nau, Fritz Sorgel, Helmut Eiffert
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance poses a growing threat to patients, including those with nosocomial central nervous system infections. Optimizing intravenous treatment to achieve sufficient concentrations of antibiotics in different CNS compartments is crucial when causative pathogens have reduced sensitivity to antibiotics or the blood-brain barrier is mildly impaired. Adjusting antibiotic doses and exploring new combinations have shown promise in addressing antimicrobial resistance in CNS infections.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Md Masud Parvez, Armin Sadighi, Yeseul Ahn, Steve F. Keller, Julius O. Enoru
Summary: Uptake drug transporters in the brain play a significant role in drug metabolism, and understanding their contribution to drug entry into the central nervous system is crucial for clinical translation and drug development. However, species differences may affect the translation between humans and animals.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Waqas Ahmed, Muhammed Shibil Kuniyan, Aqil Mohammad Jawed, Lukui Chen
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising therapeutic modality for neurological conditions, facilitating intercellular communication among brain cells. Their potential to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes them highly promising for stroke management. Compared to existing drug-delivery vehicles, EVs have several advantages including the ability to surpass natural barriers, target specific cells, and maintain stability within the circulatory system.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marie J. Pauwels, Junhua Xie, Adam Ceroi, Sriram Balusu, Jonas Castelein, Elien Van Wonterghem, Griet Van Imschoot, Andrew Ward, Trevelyan R. Menheniott, Oskar Gustafsson, Francis Combes, Samir El Andaloussi, Niek N. Sanders, Imre Mager, Lien Van Hoecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: The brain is protected by tightly regulated barriers, which impede drug delivery. Extracellular vesicles derived from choroid plexus epithelial cells have the potential to serve as drug delivery vehicles to bypass these barriers.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ulrich Bickel
Summary: Our understanding of the pharmacokinetic principles governing the uptake of substances across the blood-brain barrier has advanced significantly, with a range of experimental techniques and models now available. Proper pharmacokinetic analysis and suitable models are necessary not only in drug development, but also in studies involving brain uptake for evaluating BBB function or integrity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Manimaran, R. P. Nivetha, T. Tamilanban, J. Narayanan, Subramaniyan Vetriselvan, Neeraj Kumar Fuloria, Suresh V. Chinni, Mahendran Sekar, Shivkanya Fuloria, Ling Shing Wong, Anupam Biswas, Gobinath Ramachawolran, Siddharthan Selvaraj
Summary: Nanogels are highly recognized as adaptable drug delivery systems that significantly contribute to improving various therapies and diagnostic examinations for different human diseases. They effectively address the limitations of conventional drug therapy and are considered an innovative drug delivery system. This article covers topics such as the involvement of nanogels in the nanomedicine sector, their advantages and limitations, ideal properties, nanogel classification, synthesis, drug release mechanisms, and various biological applications.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ziqi Gu, Haishu Chen, Han Zhao, Wanting Yang, Yilan Song, Xiang Li, Yang Wang, Dan Du, Haikang Liao, Wenhao Pan, Xi Li, Yajuan Gao, Hongbin Han, Zhiqian Tong
Summary: Brain diseases are difficult to treat due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and the drainage issues in the brain extracellular space and interstitial fluid. The efficacy of nano-package and receptor-mediated drug delivery methods in penetrating the blood-brain barrier and brain extracellular space is evaluated.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qun Wang, Rui Ma, Piaoxue Liu, Guowang Cheng, Qi Yang, Xiaojia Chen, Zhenfeng Wu, Dongsheng Yuan, Tongkai Chen
Summary: This study developed biodegradable nanoparticles to deliver Ginkgolide B as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. The nanoparticles showed sustained drug release and protected against neuronal cytotoxicity. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated higher accumulation of the nanoparticles in plasma and brain. Animal models also showed positive outcomes with this nanoparticle treatment.
Article
Neurosciences
Shanshan Zhang, Lin Gan, Fengye Cao, Hao Wang, Peng Gong, Congcong Ma, Li Ren, Yubo Lin, Xianming Lin
Summary: This review provides an overview of the three barriers formed between the cerebrovascular and the brain parenchyma, focusing on the composition and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It discusses the limitations of the BBB for drug delivery and explores potential strategies for improving CNS drug delivery.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jean-Marie Nicolas, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tian Qin, Samantha Prins, Geert Jan Groeneveld, Gerard Van Westen, Helga E. de Vries, Yin Cheong Wong, Luc J. M. Bischoff, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Esmee Vendel, Vivi Rottschafer, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esmee Vendel, Vivi Rottschafer, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wieke M. van Oostveen, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: This review discusses the contemporary methods of early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of AD using imaging techniques, examining their diagnostic utility, benefits, and limitations. Additionally, it assesses novel techniques, applications, and biomarkers for AD research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Chi Fong Loo, Jeroen Elassaiss-Schaap, Elizabeth C. M. De Lange
Summary: Improving the CNS PBPK model LeiCNS-PK3.0 accurately predicted brain pharmacokinetics in rats and humans with less than two-fold error. Studying the effect of altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics on brain extracellular fluid pharmacokinetics using the model showed changes in CSF PK profiles but not in brain ECF profiles.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Firda Juhairiyah, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: The review summarizes the challenges of brain drug delivery due to the blood-brain barrier and the current strategies using liposome-based drug delivery. Findings suggest that liposomal formulations may provide interesting changes in BBB transport, but further mechanistic studies are needed to understand their application in humans.
Article
Biology
C. White, V Rottschafer, L. J. Bridge
Summary: In this paper, a mathematical model representing the binding of VEGF to VEGFR and the subsequent ligand-induced dimerisation is presented. The qualitative and quantitative effect of binding cooperativity is a key factor in this work. The ordinary differential equation system is analyzed at equilibrium, and numerical methods are used to study time-course dynamics. Perturbation analysis is employed to understand the complexities of the behaviors. The simulation results validate the model by showing an excellent fit to experimental data.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Julia S. Bloemberg, Jeroen Elassaiss-Schaap, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: This study uses the LeiCNS-PK3.0 model to predict the CNS pharmacokinetics of five drugs in different age groups and Alzheimer's patients. The results show that aging and Alzheimer's disease have minimal impact on CNS distribution of the drugs.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Makoto Hirasawa, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: This study demonstrates the bidirectional pulsatile movement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), contrary to the previously believed unidirectional and constant circulation. By revisiting the structure and parameters of CSF compartments in a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, the researchers incorporate the bidirectional and site-dependent CSF movement into the model. The results show that the new model provides better description of CSF pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles and supports the theory of bidirectional CSF movement in healthy rats.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Makoto Hirasawa, Ming Sun, Berfin Gulave, Jeroen Elassaiss-Schaap, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 can infect and persist in human brain cells for a long time, emphasizing the importance of treating the brain viral load. However, the distribution of antiCOVID-19 drugs Remdesivir, Molnupiravir, and Nir-matrelvir in the central nervous system has not been explored. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile of these drugs in the human brain to predict their efficacy against the delta and omicron variants. Our model suggests that Nirmatrelvir is a promising candidate for further (pre)clinical studies on the CNS efficacy of antiCOVID-19 drugs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Berfin Gulave, Divakar Budda, Mohammed A. A. Saleh, J. G. Coen van Hasselt, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport of morphine is affected by passive diffusion, active efflux, and saturable active influx, leading to nonlinear plasma concentration-dependent pharmacokinetics in the brain extracellular fluid (brainECF). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nonlinear BBB transport on brainECF pharmacokinetics of morphine and its metabolites using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic simulation. The results showed that the relative morphine exposure and peak-to-trough ratios are dose-dependent, with the highest exposure found in once daily 0.25 mg extended-release (ER) dosing and the lowest exposure in 6-daily 150 mg intravenous (IV) dosing. The nonlinearity of morphine BBB transport mainly affects the brainECF exposure and fluctuation of morphine and its metabolites at lower dosing regimens.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Berfin Gulave, Olivia Campagne, Clinton F. Stewart, Jeroen Elassaiss-Schaap, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: The LeiCNS-PK3.0 PBPK model was used to predict brain extracellular fluid PK in mice. The model provided accurate predictions for 7 out of 10 drugs, with the remaining 2 drugs within a five-fold error limit.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuchao Song, Vivi Rottschaefer, Martina G. Vijver, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
Summary: The dissolution of nanoparticles (NPs) is crucial for the safety assessment and risk assessment of NPs. This research collected secondary data on NP dissolution and developed a model to calculate dissolution rate constants based on initial dissolution kinetics and pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. The information obtained from characterizing dissolution rates and parameters can be used for grouping NPs and developing predictive models for newly developed nanomaterials.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2023)
