Article
Virology
Kairi Pullerits, Shona Garland, Sharmilee Rengarajan, Malcolm Guiver, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Rachel J. Middleton, Chukwuma A. Chukwu, Philip A. Kalra
Summary: This study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of DNA virus infections in kidney transplant recipients and evaluate their impact on graft outcomes. The results showed that DNA viral infection is associated with a higher risk of allograft loss.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ruimu Zhang, Hongmei Wang, Shufeng Tian, Jikui Deng
Summary: In immunocompetent children, leukocytosis, co-infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and high blood viral load may be risk factors for severe adenovirus pneumonia. Blood viral load could potentially predict pneumonia severity.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Goncalo Luzes Padeira, Catarina Araujo, Ana Isabel Cordeiro, Joao Freixo, Catarina Gregorio Martins, Joao Farela Neves
Summary: In immunocompromised patients, EBV can lead to B-cell transformation and proliferation, as seen in a case of a 5-year-old boy with a novel ZBTB24 mutation (ICF2-syndrome). Susceptibility to EBV appears to be specific to ICF-2, prompting consideration of an underlying primary immunodeficiency in cases of severe EBV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Hala Abdullatif, Anil Dhawan, Anita Verma
Summary: Infections after liver transplantation, especially viral infections, have a significant impact on graft function and overall outcome. The study reviewed the epidemiology and risk factors of EBV, CMV, and non-EBV non-CMV viral infections in pediatric liver transplant recipients. The majority of infections were viral in origin, with EBV viremia having the highest incidence. Older donor age, auxiliary graft, and bacterial infections were associated with EBV infection, while younger recipient age, D+R- CMV IgG, and left lateral segment graft were risk factors for CMV infection. Non-EBV and CMV viral infections did not contribute to increased complications or rejection, indicating the importance of identifying and managing these infections in pediatric LT recipients.
Letter
Immunology
Xinyu Zheng, Rui Su, Fangyuan Hu, Yue Liu, Xiaofeng Li, Chong Gao, Caihong Wang
Summary: This study showed that DM patients with EBV/CMV viremia have significantly decreased levels of Th17 and Treg cells, and low-dose IL-2 therapy can effectively elevate the levels of these cells, restoring the balance between Th17 and Treg proportions.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nina Singh, Drew J. Winston, Raymund R. Razonable, G. Marshall Lyon, Fernanda P. Silveira, Marilyn M. Wagener, Ajit P. Limaye
Summary: A majority of D+/R- liver transplant recipients experience a significant increase in viral load after preemptive therapy initiation, which is associated with a lower risk of subsequent recurrent viremia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nina Singh, Drew J. Winston, Raymund R. Razonable, G. Marshall Lyon, Fernanda P. Silveira, Marilyn M. Wagener, Ajit P. Limaye
Summary: In D+R- liver transplant recipients, the risk factors and timing of viremia were mainly associated with donor age. Older donor age was an independent predictor of viremia and earlier-onset of viremia in this population. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this novel association.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Thomas J. Galletta, Adam Lane, Carolyn Lutzko, Thomas Leemhuis, Jose A. Cancelas, Ruby Khoury, YunZu M. Wang, Patrick J. Hanley, Michael D. Keller, Catherine M. Bollard, Stella M. Davies, Michael S. Grimley, Jeremy D. Rubinstein
Summary: Infections with double-stranded DNA viruses are a common complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and cause significant morbidity and mortality. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety outcomes for donor-derived (DD) and third-party (TP) virus-specific T cells (VSTs) in pediatric and young adult HSCT recipients. The results showed no significant difference in clinical response rates between DD and TP VSTs.
TRANSPLANTATION AND CELLULAR THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yuhua Ru, Jinjin Zhu, Tiemei Song, Yiyang Ding, Ziling Zhu, Yi Fan, Yang Xu, Aining Sun, Huiying Qiu, Zhengming Jin, Xiaowen Tang, Yue Han, Chengcheng Fu, Suning Chen, Xiao Ma, Feng Chen, Jia Chen, Depei Wu
Summary: After haploindentical donor hematopoietic cell transplantation, the reactivation rates of EBV and CMV are higher and may have distinctive risk factors compared to HLA-matched HCT. Male recipients and acute graft-versus-host disease are independent risk factors for EBV and CMV reactivation. CMV reactivation is associated with worsened treatment-related mortality and progression-free survival, significantly impacting the survival of ALL patients. In the EBV+/CMV- subgroup, ALL patients have a lower relapse rate and better overall survival and progression-free survival compared to AML patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rui Su, Huanhuan Yan, Na Li, Tingting Ding, Baochen Li, Yuhuan Xie, Chong Gao, Xiaofeng Li, Caihong Wang
Summary: This study found that mNGS has incremental application value in patients with connective tissue diseases suspected of co-infection, showing high sensitivity in detecting pathogens, particularly with high positive detection rates in virus infections. Attention should be paid to rare pathogen infections and bacterial-virus coinfections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shan-shan Li, Na Zhang, Mei Jia, Ming Su
Summary: The reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been found to be associated with poor outcomes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study investigated the clinical characteristics of HSCT patients with co-reactivation of CMV and EBV. It was found that co-reactivation of CMV and EBV was associated with a higher incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and significantly lower 1-year overall survival.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Thomas A. Fox, Claire Booth
Summary: Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are rare inherited disorders of the immune system that often require allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy has the potential to correct genetic defects without the risks associated with allogeneic approaches, but may still carry some risks.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hidetoshi Takada
Summary: Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is characterized by susceptibility to infectious diseases, as well as autoimmune, autoinflammatory, or malignant diseases. The number of diseases belonging to PID has been increasing, highlighting the importance of understanding the general and fundamental information of PID patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Anna E. Coghill, Youngchul Kim, James M. Hodge, Noemi Bender, Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Lauren R. Teras, Tom K. Grimsrud, Tim Waterboer, Kathleen M. Egan
Summary: In this study, an inverse association between EBV exposure and glioma risk was observed, while CMV exposure was associated with a higher likelihood of the nonglioblastoma subtype. These findings provide important insights into the etiology of glioma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Claire E. Otero, Richard Barfield, Elizabeth Scheef, Cody S. Nelson, Nicole Rodgers, Hsuan-Yuan Wang, Matilda J. Mostrom, Tabitha D. Manuel, Julian Sass, Kimberli Schmidt, Husam Taher, Courtney Papen, Lesli Sprehe, Savannah Kendall, Angel Davalos, Peter A. Barry, Klaus Fruh, Justin Pollara, Daniel Malouli, Cliburn Chan, Amitinder Kaur, Sallie R. Permar
Summary: The study found that in healthy individuals, maternal plasma virus levels and antibody responses are not associated with cCMV following primary maternal infection. Except for CD4+ cell-depleted dams, there were no significant differences in virus levels and antibody responses between immunocompetent dams with and without AF-positive results in terms of cCMV transmission.