期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 10, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01120
关键词
T helper cell (Th); inflammation; T helper 9 cell; cytokines; transcription activation
类别
资金
- Wellcome Trust/DBT India alliance intermediate fellowship [IA/I/12/1/500524]
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India
- Core grant of Translational Health Science and Technology Institute
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
Interleukin 9 (IL-9)-producing helper T (Th9) cells have a crucial effector function in inducing allergic inflammation, autoimmunity, immunity to extracellular pathogens and anti-tumor immune responses. Although the cytokines that lead to the differentiation of human Th9 cells have been identified, other factors that support the differentiation of Th9 cells have not been identified yet. Here we show that the extracellular ATP (eATP) induces the differentiation of Th9 cells. We further show that eATP induces the production of nitric oxide (NO), which create a feed forward loop in the differentiation of human Th9 cells, as inhibition of purinergic receptor signaling suppressed the generation of human Th9 cells while exogenous NO could rescue generation of Th9 cells even upon inhibition of purinergic receptor signaling. Moreover, we show that ATP promotes mTOR and HIFI a dependent generation of Th9 cells. Our findings thus identify that ATP induced nitric oxide potentiate HIF1 alpha-mediated metabolic pathway that leads to IL-9 induction in Th9 cells. Here we identified that the ATP-NO-mTOR-HIF1 alpha axis is essential for the generation of human Th9 cells and modulation of this axis may lead to therapeutic intervention of Th9-associated disease conditions.
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