Article
Environmental Sciences
Eva Loerke, Ina Pohle, Mark E. Wilkinson, Mike Rivington, Douglas Wardell -Johnson, Josie Geris
Summary: Climate change directly and indirectly affects stream temperature. Historic trends and factors influencing these trends need to be understood in order to project future changes in stream temperature. This study presents a methodology to reconstruct a national long-term daily stream temperature record from once-a-month observations using climatic and hydrological variables and regional climate projections.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wlodzimierz Marszelewski, Pawel Jokiel, Bozena Pius, Przemyslaw Tomalski
Summary: This article introduces a method to identify river thermal seasons based on data from 1961 to 2020. The study shows that the occurrence of different thermal seasons in rivers has changed, with the contribution of warm seasons being the largest. Additionally, cold seasons have increased, while the duration of moderate and very cold seasons has decreased.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gang Fu, Wei Sun
Summary: This study conducted a warming trial in high-cold grasslands of Tibet to investigate the temperature sensitivity of vegetation indices and aboveground biomass. The results showed that temperature itself had the greatest impact, followed by vegetation indices and aboveground biomass. Water availability, elevation, and warming length also had some effects, but they were smaller compared to temperature. The findings are important for predicting grass yield and promoting animal husbandry in high-cold areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Andres N. Molina, Jose M. Pulgar, Enrico L. Rezende, Mauricio J. Carter
Summary: Global warming has complex effects on the Antarctic continent, with Antarctic organisms exhibiting varying degrees of sensitivity to increasing temperatures.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Timothy M. Lenton, Chi Xu, Jesse F. Abrams, Ashish Ghadiali, Sina Loriani, Boris Sakschewski, Caroline Zimm, Kristie L. Ebi, Robert R. Dunn, Jens-Christian Svenning, Marten Scheffer
Summary: The costs of climate change are often expressed in monetary terms, but this brings up ethical concerns. This study calculates the costs in terms of the number of people excluded from the 'human climate niche', which represents the historically consistent distribution of population density with respect to temperature. It was found that current climate policies leading to 2.7 degrees C global warming by the end of the century could leave one-third of the global population outside this niche, emphasizing the urgency for decisive action to address climate change.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiaoling Yu, Qian Han, Shunqin Shi, Xiaofang Sun, Xiaochen Wang, Sijie Wang, Jiawei Yang, Wanghong Su, Zhibiao Nan, Huan Li
Summary: Climate warming may increase the threat of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the environment and human health. Gradually elevated water temperature was found to reduce ARG diversity but increase ARG abundance in the Yellow River. Certain high-risk ARGs significantly increased with elevated water temperature, implying an increased antibiotic resistance risk under climate warming. Our study provides a novel approach to predict and control ARGs in water environments under climate warming.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Tang, Bin He, Hans W. Chen, Deliang Chen, Yaning Chen, Yongshuo H. Fu, Wenping Yuan, Baofu Li, Zhi Li, Lanlan Guo, Xingming Hao, Liying Sun, Huiming Liu, Cheng Sun, Yang Yang
Summary: Despite overall warming, many regions in the Northern Hemisphere have been cooling in autumn. This cooling has led to an increase in the release of net CO2, as primary production decreased more than respiration in cooling areas and respiration increased more than production in warming areas. Despite opposite temperature trends, there has been a systematic increase in ecosystem carbon release across the Northern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robin van der Ploeg, Margot J. Cramwinckel, Ilja J. Kocken, Thomas J. Leutert, Steven M. Bohaty, Chris D. Fokkema, Pincelli M. Hull, A. Nele Meckler, Jack J. Middelburg, Inigo A. Muller, Donald E. Penman, Francien Peterse, Gert-Jan Reichart, Philip F. Sexton, Maximilian Vahlenkamp, David De Vleeschouwer, Paul A. Wilson, Martin Ziegler, Appy Sluijs
Summary: The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) experienced a transient warming of 3 degrees Celsius, leading to increased salinity in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre and potentially a poleward expansion of its northern boundary.
Review
Ecology
Austin R. Cruz, Goggy Davidowitz, Christopher M. Moore, Judith L. Bronstein
Summary: Predicting the impacts of global warming on mutualisms is a significant challenge, but crucial because all species depend on each other for survival and reproduction. The field of thermal ecology provides insights and tools to address this challenge.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christopher H. O'Reilly, Daniel J. Befort, Antje Weisheimer, Tim Woollings, Andrew Ballinger, Gabriele Hegerl
Summary: Future projections of northern hemisphere extratropical climate based on climate model simulations underestimate the uncertainty originating from large-scale atmospheric circulation variability. Internal climate variability will play a major role in determining regional changes under global warming conditions. Large-scale atmospheric circulation is responsible for observed regional climate variability, but is systematically weaker in coupled climate models on multidecadal timescales.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ambarish Karmalkar, Radley M. Horton
Summary: The coastal northeastern United States is a warming hotspot driven by a slower Atlantic overturning circulation and a positive North Atlantic Oscillation. The exceptional surface air temperature increase in this region is induced by a combination of sea surface temperature rise in the Northwest Atlantic Shelf associated with a weakening AMOC, and atmospheric circulation changes linked to a more persistent positive NAO. It is important to consider these connections for future projections as AMOC slowdown and NWS warming are expected to continue.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhou, Yuan Wen, Bahar S. Razavi, Sebastian Loeppmann, Miles R. Marshall, Huadong Zang, Yakov Kuzyakov, Zhaohai Zeng, Michaela A. Dippold, Evgenia Blagodatskaya
Summary: A study conducted on agroecosystems explored the effects of long-term warming on microbial functions in the soil. It found that higher temperatures led to increased microbial growth but decreased the proportion of growing microbial biomass. The study also showed that increased availability of labile organic matter weakened the thermal acclimation of soil microbial functions. These findings suggest that the predicted impact of climate warming on soil microbe-driven CO2 emissions may be underestimated.
Review
Ecology
Nicolas Fanin, Maria Mooshammer, Marie Sauvadet, Cheng Meng, Gael Alvarez, Laetitia Bernard, Isabelle Bertrand, Evgenia Blagodatskaya, Lucie Bon, Sebastien Fontaine, Shuli Niu, Gwenaelle Lashermes, Tania L. Maxwell, Michael N. Weintraub, Lisa Wingate, Daryl Moorhead, Andrew T. Nottingham
Summary: Soil enzymes play a crucial role in ecosystem processes, but their response to global warming is uncertain. Temperature can have both positive and negative effects on enzyme activities, and microbial community changes can also influence these activities. While increasing enzyme activities may accelerate soil carbon decomposition, it may also lead to a reduction in carbon loss in the long term. Integrated studies across different scales are needed to understand the long-term effects of enzyme activities on soil carbon loss.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Gyorgy Kroel-Dulay, Andrea Mojzes, Katalin Szitar, Michael Bahn, Peter Batary, Claus Beier, Mark Bilton, Hans J. De Boeck, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Marc Estiarte, Petr Holub, Anke Jentsch, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Juergen Kreyling, Sabine Reinsch, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Marcelo Sternberg, Katja Tielboerger, Albert Tietema, Sara Vicca, Josep Penuelas
Summary: The study compares experimental and observational approaches in studying the impacts of climate change on ecosystems and finds that experimental results underestimate the effects of drought, suggesting the need for integration of different research methods.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tamara Sofia Propatoa, Diego de Abelleyra, Maria Semmartin, Santiago R. Veron
Summary: This study characterized the relationship between electricity consumption (EC) and temperature (T) in different regions of Argentina, and used this to estimate changes in EC under future temperature scenarios. Results showed large increases in EC during warm days and region-specific responses to cold days. The findings highlight the potential sensitivity of EC to temperature in developing countries.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. A. Leach, D. H. Olson, P. D. Anderson, B. N. I. Eskelson
Article
Water Resources
Stefan W. Ploum, Jason A. Leach, Lenka Kuglerova, Hjalmar Laudon
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2018)
Article
Limnology
Anna Lupon, Blaize A. Denfeld, Hjalmar Laudon, Jason Leach, Jan Karlsson, Ryan A. Sponseller
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2019)
Article
Water Resources
Jason A. Leach, James M. Buttle, Kara L. Webster, Paul W. Hazlett, Dean S. Jeffries
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2020)
Article
Water Resources
Kara L. Webster, Jason A. Leach, Paul W. Hazlett, Robert L. Fleming, Erik J. S. Emilson, Daniel Houle, Kara H. Y. Chan, Fariborz Norouzian, Amanda S. Cole, Jason M. O'Brien, Karen E. Smokorowski, Stephanie A. Nelson, Shelagh D. Yanni
Summary: The Turkey Lakes Watershed (TLW) study is a federal interdepartmental study established in 1979 to investigate the effects of acid rain on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This multidisciplinary study conducted at the 10.5 km(2) watershed in the Eastern Temperate Mixed Forest on the Canadian Shield has evolved from focusing on acidification to investigating the effects of climate change, forest harvesting, and other forest ecosystem perturbations. The comprehensive data collected have contributed to over 400 published research papers and influenced pollutant emission and resource management policies at provincial, national, and international levels.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. D. Moore, J. A. Leach
Summary: Stream temperature studies often use the Penman combination equation or empirical wind functions to calculate latent heat flux, which can impact daily maximum water temperature. The method for computing sensible heat flux from latent heat flux faces challenges, as the Penman combination equation is not suitable for subdaily stream evaporation and empirical wind functions have uncertainty due to the wide range of coefficient values and lack of meteorological data.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jason A. Leach, Bethany T. Neilson, Caleb A. Buahin, R. Dan Moore, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Empirical studies have shown that lakes have a significant impact on stream temperature at landscape scales, even with a small fraction of the catchment area represented by lakes. Lake outlet temperatures in summer and autumn were higher compared to hillslope lateral inflow temperatures. The influence of lakes on downstream temperature was greatest during periods of high lake outflow and persisted for at least 1.4 km downstream.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Kara L. Webster, Jason A. Leach, Daniel Houle, Paul W. Hazlett, Erik J. S. Emilson
Summary: Long-term ecosystem studies are valuable in understanding the integrated ecosystem response to global changes, as shown in the 35-year analysis of precipitation and stream water solute concentrations in the Turkey Lakes watershed in Canada. The study indicates significant declines in sulphate, nitrate, and chloride concentrations, while increases in calcium and potassium concentrations led to a significant pH increase.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Danielle T. Hudson, Jason A. Leach, Kara Webster, Daniel Houle
Summary: This study investigated the streamflow regimes of a lake-stream network in central Ontario, Canada, comparing metrics from lake and no-lake catchments. The study found that streamflow patterns were less flashy in locations with more lake influence, with lake catchments showing higher similarity in streamflow regimes across seasons. Event-scale streamflow further downstream from lake outlets showed greater increases in peakflow response and hydrograph rise rate following rain events. Overall, interactions between contributions from lakes and rapid runoff from hillslopes and tributaries without lakes drove the variability in streamflow across lake-stream networks.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Jason A. Leach, R. Dan Moore, Hjalmar Laudon, Caleb A. Buahin, Bethany T. Neilson
Summary: The presence of headwater lakes can moderate the temperature response to forest harvesting, but during rain events, the stream with a lake shows a greater temperature response compared to the stream without a lake.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Jason A. Leach, Danielle T. Hudson, R. Dan Moore
Summary: This study investigated the impact of forest harvesting on stream temperature in northern hardwood forests. It was found that clearcut harvesting led to a summer temperature increase in streams lasting 5 to 7 years, while shelterwood and selection harvesting did not result in detectable changes. The study highlights the importance of long-term water quality monitoring programs in providing valuable insights into forest management practices.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jason A. A. Leach, Christa Kelleher, Barret L. L. Kurylyk, R. Dan Moore, Bethany T. T. Neilson
Summary: Stream temperature is a critical factor for aquatic ecosystem health, and practitioners and researchers from various fields are concerned about its impact from climate and environmental changes. This article provides an introduction to energy and water exchange processes that determine stream temperature patterns, from headwater streams to large river systems. It discusses the energy exchanges in terms of hydrologic processes, the stream-atmosphere interface, and the stream-bed interface, emphasizing their interaction and spatiotemporal variability. Understanding these controls is crucial for effective management strategies in sustaining healthy aquatic ecosystems in a changing world.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Danielle T. Hudson, Jason A. Leach, Daniel Houle
Summary: A study in Ontario, Canada found that groundwater-fed and lake-fed streams exhibited different temperature responses to climate variability, with groundwater-fed streams warming in the spring and lake-fed streams warming in the fall. Weak temperature trends were observed in both stream types during the summer and winter. These results highlight the importance of considering seasonal changes in thermal regimes for understanding the response of aquatic ecosystems to climate variability.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Jason A. Leach, Hjalmar Laudon
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2019)