期刊
WATER RESEARCH
卷 157, 期 -, 页码 292-300出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.092
关键词
Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT); Nitrochlorobenzene compounds (NCBs); Hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced (HLB) resin; In-situ; Grab sampling
资金
- Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China [2015ZX07204, 2017ZX07602]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41203062, 51438008, 41773087]
- Jiangsu Nature Science Fund [BK20151378, BE2015708]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [090514380001]
Nitrochlorobenzene compounds (NCBs) are of key interest in environmental monitoring due to their high toxicity. To better understand the presence and fate of NCBs in aquatic environments, an in-situ sampling technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) based on hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced (HLB) resin, combined with gas chromatography, was developed to measure four typical NCBs, e.g. meta-chloronitrobenzene (MNCB), para-chloronitrobenzene (PNCB), ortho-chloronitrobenzene (ONCB), and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (CDNB). The diffusion coefficients of MNCB, PNCB, ONCB, and CDNB in agarose-based gel were firstly determined in diffusion cell experiments and ranged from 7.19 x 10(-6) to 7.49 x 10(-6) cm/s. The capacities of HLB-DGT for MNCB, PNCB, ONCB, and CDNB were higher than 114.65, 117.52, 117.72, and 37.58 mu g/cm(2), respectively. The HLB-DGT performance on NCBs determination was demonstrated to be independent of natural fluctuations in pH (3-9), ionic strength (0.001-0.5 M), and dissolved organic matter concentrations (0-20 mg/L) and of deployment time (0-120 h). In the field application, the DGT-based method to measure NCBs not only proved to be accurate and effective, but also performed better than the grab sampling method under the variable conditions. This study demonstrates that the newly developed in-situ method based on DGT can provide an attractive alternative for the routine monitoring of NCBs in aquatic environments. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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