Article
Optics
Jingxin Zhang, Peixing Li, Ray C. C. Cheung, Alex M. H. Wong, Jensen Li
Summary: The recent development of extreme-ultraviolet beams with time-varying orbital angular momentum (OAM) has provided unique tools for quantum excitation control and particle manipulation. However, the scalability of this approach to other frequency regimes is challenging. In this study, we propose a microwave digital metasurface that enables the generation of time-varying OAM beams. By utilizing the programmability of the metasurface, we can design higher-order twist in the envelope wavefront structure of the time-varying OAM beams, offering additional degrees of freedom. Furthermore, we demonstrate the dynamic mapping of the time-varying OAM field patterns using a two-probe measurement technique. This combined approach provides a versatile platform for generating and observing time-varying OAM and other spatiotemporal excitations, with potential applications in particle manipulation, time-division multiplexing, and information encryption.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Alba de las Heras, Alok Kumar Pandey, Julio San Roman, Javier Serrano, Elsa Baynard, Guillaume Dovillaire, Moana Pittman, Charles G. Durfee, Luis Plaja, Sophie Kazamias, Olivier Guilbaud, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the generation of vector-vortex beams (VVB) with specific spin and orbital angular momentum in the extreme ultraviolet through high-order harmonic generation. We find that the conversion efficiency of high-harmonic VVB is related to the topological charge of the driving beam, and they exhibit robust generation and smooth propagation properties. Our work opens up the possibility of synthesizing attosecond helical structures with spatially varying polarization, providing a unique tool to probe spatiotemporal dynamics in inhomogeneous media or polarization-dependent systems.
Article
Optics
Xiang-Yu Zeng, Yu-Qin Zhang, Rui-Rui Zhang, Xiao-Rong Ren, Zi-Jun Zhan, Man-Na Gu, Rui Sun, Chun-Xiang Liu, Chuan-Fu Cheng
Summary: Metasurfaces with orthogonal nano-slit pairs arranged on spirals are proposed to generate vector beams of Bell-like states and slanted polarizations. The design is based on the theoretically derived parameter condition for manipulation of the two vector vortex modes, satisfied by matching the rotation order m, the spiral order n, and incident polarization helicity sigma. Linear polarization states of the vector beams are controlled by the initial orientation angle of slit pairs.
Article
Optics
Jonathas M. de Oliveira, Laura M. S. Santos, Alcenisio J. Jesus-Silva, Eduardo J. S. Fonseca
Summary: In this study, annular waveguides were fabricated inside a glassy blade using direct laser writing technique, demonstrating the generation of orbital angular momentum beams with different topological charges in the same structure. By choosing appropriate waveguide parameters and tilting the input wavefront, the topological charge of a beam can be adjusted. This work offers opportunities for optical communications using multiplexed beams with spatial degrees of freedom, as well as for generating tunable angular momentum at microscale for lab on chip integrability.
Article
Physics, Applied
Jianhua Lin, Chang Chen, Jun Ding, Shuo Wang, Weidong Chen
Summary: This study proposes a strategy for generating multiple compact vortex beams with a single-layer reflective metasurface, offering new possibilities in the field of communications. By designing a dual-frequency metasurface, the generation of four compact vortex beams with different OAM modes at 9 and 13 GHz frequencies was successfully achieved.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xujing Liu, Yinhui Kan, Shailesh Kumar, Danylo Komisar, Changying Zhao, Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi
Summary: By using specially designed anisotropic nanodimers, we achieved nonradiative coupling between a quantum emitter and a surface plasmon polariton, allowing the generation of single photons with spin and orbital angular momenta encoded. We demonstrated the on-chip generation of well-collimated, circularly polarized, and high purity single-mode vortex beams with different topological charges and high single-photon purity. This approach can be extended to produce multiple single-photon radiation channels with different polarizations, enabling advanced quantum photonic technologies.
Article
Optics
Hao Sun, Yaozong Xiao, Bo Liu, Chao Feng
Summary: In this Letter, a novel technique is proposed to generate short-wavelength radiation with time-varying orbital angular momentum (OAM) by manipulating relativistic beams in free-electron lasers. Two time-delayed seed lasers with different OAM values are used to interact with the electron beam to manipulate the temporal properties of OAM beams. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrate the production of high-power x ray beams with time-varying OAM using this technique, opening new avenues for scientific research in x ray science.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alon Luski, Yair Segev, Rea David, Ora Bitton, Hila Nadler, A. Ronny Barnea, Alexey Gorlach, Ori Cheshnovsky, Ido Kaminer, Edvardas Narevicius
Summary: This study demonstrates the generation of vortex beams of atoms and molecules by diffracting supersonic beams of helium atoms and dimers off transmission gratings. The method is general and could be applied to most atomic and molecular gases, providing new insights and possibilities in atomic physics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dale Green, Kayn A. Forbes
Summary: In this study, we systematically investigate the optical chirality density of Laguerre-Gaussian and Bessel laser beams tightly focused into nanoscale volumes. We specifically emphasize the unique contributions to optical chirality from longitudinal electromagnetic fields, which is light polarized in the direction of propagation. We study the influence of polarization, spin and orbital angular momentum, radial index, degree of focusing, and diffraction on optical chirality. The results demonstrate that the optical chirality of structured light beams at the nanoscale is significantly richer than that of the well-known circularly polarized propagating plane wave. This work lays the foundation for chiral nanophotonics and chiral quantum optics based on structured light illumination.
Article
Optics
Ting-hua Lu, Yu-jen Wang, Yu-fang Chen, Yi-hsin Lin
Summary: Liquid crystals are widely used in optoelectronic devices due to their fast response and excellent electro-optic properties. They have also been proposed as a good candidate in topo-logical photonics. In this study, an axially symmetric sheared polymer network liquid crystal (ASPNLC) is fabricated to demonstrate vector vortex beams.
Article
Physics, Applied
Qi Jia, Rui Feng, Bojian Shi, Fangkui Sun, Yanxia Zhang, Hang Li, Xiaoxin Li, Yongyin Cao, Jian Wang, Weiqiang Ding
Summary: This study proposes a deep neural network (DNN)-N-2 method for compensating distorted OAM beams by extracting common features and filtering random distortions. Good agreement between experimental and simulated results is achieved.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yangyang Fu, Yuan Tian, Xiao Li, Shili Yang, Youwen Liu, Yadong Xu, Minghui Lu
Summary: In this study, a new method for achieving robust asymmetric generation of acoustic vortex field through dual-layer metasurfaces is introduced. This is achieved by controlling the intrinsic topologic charges and the parity of geometry design. The underlying physics is contributed to the one-way process of orbital angular momentum transition ensured by the broken spatial symmetry and the external topologic charge from the vortex diffraction. The novel phenomenon is experimentally demonstrated, providing new routes to manipulate the asymmetric response of vortex fields and potential applications in passive OAM-based diodes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
J. Keith Miller, Justin Free, Hunter McCoy, Eric G. Johnson
Summary: We present a novel method for generating beams with rapidly adjustable orbital angular momentum (OAM). This method employs a single-axis scanning galvanometer mirror to introduce a phase tilt on an elliptical Gaussian beam, which is subsequently converted into a ring using optics that perform a log-polar transformation. The system allows for kHz-range mode switching and can handle high power with high efficiency. In a light-matter interaction application utilizing the photoacoustic effect, the scanning mirror HOBBIT system achieved a 10 dB enhancement of the generated acoustics at a glass-water interface.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hongtao Wang, Hao Wang, Qifeng Ruan, John You En Chan, Wang Zhang, Hailong Liu, Soroosh Daqiqeh Rezaei, Jonathan Trisno, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Min Gu, Joel K. W. Yang
Summary: By miniaturizing spiral phase plates and integrating them with structural colour filters, we have successfully generated coloured orbital angular momentum beams using incoherent white light. These beams, which possess both spatial and temporal coherence, can independently generate multiple helical eigenstates and combine colour information into orbital angular momentum beams.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuang Peng, Fei Yang, Chen Xi Liu, Jie Ma, Xiao Jian Fu, Ya Ting Xie, Su Rui Li, Yun Fei Zhou, Qian Yu
Summary: Multichannel orbital angular momentum (OAM) generation and switching based on guided-wave-excited metasurface (GWEM) and RF switch is proposed as a novel concept. The experimental results show that this method can generate multiple OAM vortex beams and achieve rapid electronic switching. The proposed method is cost-effective, compact, and highly applicable.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zahra Baghali Khanian, Manabendra Nath Bera, Arnau Riera, Maciej Lewenstein, Andreas Winter
Summary: We extend the previous results on quantum thermodynamics to the case of multiple non-commuting charges and develop a resource theory of thermodynamics for asymptotically many non-interacting systems. The phase diagram of the system is formed by associating the vector of expected charge values and entropy with every state. Our key result is the Asymptotic Equivalence Theorem, which connects the equivalence classes of states under asymptotic charge-conserving unitaries with the points on the phase diagram. Using the phase diagram, we analyze the first and second laws of thermodynamics and provide insights into the storage of different charges in physically separate batteries.
ANNALES HENRI POINCARE
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Arjun Rana, Chen-Ting Liao, Ezio Iacocca, Ji Zou, Minh Pham, Xingyuan Lu, Emma-Elizabeth Cating Subramanian, Yuan Hung Lo, Sinead A. Ryan, Charles S. Bevis, Robert M. M. Karl Jr, Andrew J. Glaid, Jeffrey Rable, Pratibha Mahale, Joel Hirst, Thomas Ostler, William Liu, Colum M. O'Leary, Young-Sang Yu, Karen Bustillo, Hendrik Ohldag, David A. Shapiro, Sadegh Yazdi, Thomas E. Mallouk, Stanley J. Osher, Henry C. Kapteyn, Vincent H. Crespi, John V. Badding, Yaroslav Tserkovnyak, Margaret M. Murnane, Jianwei Miao
Summary: The researchers successfully created 138 stable magnetic monopoles on a ferromagnetic meta-lattice and used soft X-ray vector ptycho-tomography to determine their magnetization vector and emergent magnetic field. The study found that the distances between monopole-anti-monopole pairs, monopole-monopole pairs, and anti-monopole-anti-monopole pairs were 18.3 +/- 1.6 nm, 36.1 +/- 2.4 nm, and 43.1 +/- 2.0 nm, respectively. This work demonstrates the potential of ferromagnetic meta-lattices as a platform for studying the interactions and dynamics of magnetic monopoles, and the broad application of soft X-ray vector ptycho-tomography for quantitatively imaging 3D vector fields in magnetic and anisotropic materials at the nanoscale.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brendan McBennett, Albert Beardo, Emma E. Nelson, Begon Abad, Travis D. Frazer, Amitava Adak, Yuka Esashi, Baowen Li, Henry C. Kapteyn, Margaret M. Murnane, Joshua L. Knobloch
Summary: Nanostructuring allows control over heat flow in semiconductors, but bulk models are limited by boundary effects and first-principles calculations are computationally expensive. We use extreme ultraviolet beams to study phonon transport in a nanostructured silicon metalattice and observe reduced thermal conductivity. We develop a predictive theory that explains this behavior based on nanoscale confinement effects.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Jiang, M. Mandrysz, A. Sanchez, J. Dura, T. Steinle, J. S. Prauzner-Bechcicki, J. Zakrzewski, M. Lewenstein, F. He, J. Biegert, M. F. Ciappina
Summary: This study investigates the non-sequential double ionization (NSDI) in argon induced by a 3100 nm laser source through joint experimental and theoretical approaches. The correlated photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) is found to strongly depend on the pulse duration, which can be explained by an envelope-induced intensity effect. The laser vector potential at the ionization time of the bound electron is influenced by the pulse duration, leading to different drift momenta. This work highlights the significance of pulse duration in NSDI and enhances our understanding of strong field tunnel-recollision dynamics under mid-IR laser fields.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
V. W. Segundo Staels, E. Conejero Jarque, D. Carlson, M. Hemmer, H. C. Kapteyn, M. M. Murnane, J. San Roman
Summary: We demonstrate through numerical simulations that enhanced frequency chirp can be achieved in gas-filled multipass cells. Our findings show that there is a parameter range for pulse and cell conditions where a broad and flat spectrum with a smooth parabolic-like phase can be generated. This spectrum is compatible with clean ultrashort pulses, with secondary structures always below 0.5% of the peak intensity, and an energy ratio above 98% for the main peak of the pulse. This makes multipass cell post-compression one of the most versatile schemes for shaping clean intense ultrashort optical pulses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Luttmann, Mekha Vimal, Matthieu Guer, Hergott Jean-Francois, Antonio Z. Khoury, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia, Emilio Pisanty, Thierry Ruchon
Summary: Symmetries and conservation laws of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum are important in nonlinear optics. Recently, there has been interest in paraxial light fields with nontrivial topology. These light fields, despite not being eigenstates of orbital and spin angular momenta, are eigenstates of the generalized angular momentum (GAM) operator, which is a mixture of the orbital and spin angular momentum operators with fractional eigenvalues. By using a polarization Mobius strip with a half-integer GAM charge, we demonstrate the linear scaling of GAM with harmonic order in high harmonic generation, with each harmonic carrying a precise half-integer GAM charge. Our work suggests that GAM is an appropriate quantum number in certain situations, paving the way for further manipulation and application of light beams with fractional-order polarization singularities.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tomasz Szoldra, Marcelo F. Ciappina, Nicholas Werby, Philip H. Bucksbaum, Maciej Lewenstein, Jakub Zakrzewski, Andrew S. Maxwell
Summary: Deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown great interpretability for image-like data. In this study, CNNs were tested on strong-field ionization photoelectron spectra to 'invert' experimental data and extract reliable laser intensity uncertainties. The study also highlights the importance of data augmentation techniques and accounting for detector saturation in training the models.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Laura Rego, David Ayuso
Summary: Synthetic chiral light allows for fast and efficient imaging of molecular chirality, with its handedness encoded locally in the trajectory of the electric-field vector. It can selectively suppress the response of one molecular enantiomer while enhancing it in its mirror twin. Additionally, it can exhibit polarization of chirality, leading to enantio-sensitive light bending. By structuring the local and global handedness of synthetic chiral light, optical fields with both global chirality and chirality polarization can be created, enabling all-optical and highly efficient imaging of molecular chirality using computational modeling.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
U. Bhattacharya, Th Lamprou, A. S. Maxwell, A. Ordonez, E. Pisanty, J. Rivera-Dean, P. Stammer, M. F. Ciappina, M. Lewenstein, P. Tzallas
Summary: Strong laser field physics and quantum optics have been recently connected. Studies have shown that intense laser-matter interactions can generate controllable entangled and non-classical light states, opening up new research areas in these fields.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yijie Shen, Qiwen Zhan, Logan G. Wright, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Frank W. Wise, Alan E. Willner, Kai-heng Zou, Zhe Zhao, Miguel A. Porras, Andy Chong, Chenhao Wan, Konstantin Y. Bliokh, Chen-Ting Liao, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia, Margaret Murnane, Murat Yessenov, Ayman F. Abouraddy, Liang Jie Wong, Michael Go, Suraj Kumar, Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan, Nikitas Papasimakis, Nikolay Zheludev, Lu Chen, Wenqi Zhu, Amit Agrawal, Mickael Mounaix, Nicolas K. Fontaine, Joel Carpenter, Spencer W. Jolly, Christophe Dorrer, Benjamin Alonso, Ignacio Lopez-Quintas, Miguel Lopez-Ripa, Inigo J. Sola, Junyi Huang, Hongliang Zhang, Zhichao Ruan, Ahmed H. Dorrah, Federico Capasso, Andrew Forbes
Summary: The article discusses the spatiotemporal sculpturing of light pulses and its significance in ultra-fast information transmission and processing, as well as ultra-intense energy concentration and extraction. It highlights the emergence of more generalized forms of spatiotemporally nonseparable solutions and provides an overview of the future trends and challenges.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua Vogwell, Laura Rego, Olga Smirnova, David Ayuso
Summary: We present an ultrafast all-optical approach for efficient chiral recognition based on the interference between sum-frequency generation and third-harmonic generation. Our method encodes the handedness of the medium in the intensity of the emitted harmonic signal, enabling full control over the enantiosensitive response. By manipulating the sub-optical-cycle oscillations of the driving laser field, we achieve high efficiency in chiral sensitivity via low-order nonlinear light-matter interactions, paving the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of chiral molecules.
Article
Optics
Luis Sanchez-Tejerina, Rodrigo Martin-Hernandez, Rocio Yanes, Luis Plaja, Luis Lopez-Diaz, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia
Summary: Ultrafast laser pulses can manipulate magnetization dynamics and produce intense magnetic fields for all-optical non-thermal magnetization dynamics.
HIGH POWER LASER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Marlena Dziurawiec, Tanausu Hernandez Yanes, Marcin Plodzien, Mariusz Gajda, Maciej Lewenstein, Emilia Witkowska
Summary: Spin-squeezing protocols enable the generation of highly correlated quantum many-body states, which can enhance entanglement-inspired metrology and technologies. We investigate a quantum simulator utilizing twisting dynamics in a two-component Bose-Hubbard model with dipolar interactions. Our results demonstrate that the interplay of contact and long-range dipolar interactions in the superfluid phase activates an anisotropic two-axis countertwisting mechanism, accelerating spin-squeezing dynamics and achieving Heisenberg-limited accuracy in spectroscopic measurements.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Valentin Kasper, Torsten V. Zache, Fred Jendrzejewski, Maciej Lewenstein, Erez Zohar
Summary: Lattice gauge theories play a fundamental role in various fields such as particle physics, condensed matter, and quantum information theory. While recent advancements in controlling artificial quantum systems have allowed for studying Abelian lattice gauge theories in tabletop experiments, realizing non-Abelian models remains challenging. In this study, we propose a coherent quantum control scheme to enforce non-Abelian gauge invariance in a one-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge system and discuss the potential extension to other non-Abelian gauge symmetries and higher spatial dimensions. The presented coherent control scheme holds promise for the quantum simulation of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories due to its wide applicability.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luca Barbiero, Josep Cabedo, Maciej Lewenstein, Leticia Tarruell, Alessio Celi
Summary: We propose a scheme to realize a frustrated Bose-Hubbard model with ultracold atoms in an optical lattice that comprises the frustrated spin-1/2 quantum XX model. Our scheme utilizes a magnetic flux in a square ladder with one real and one synthetic spin dimension. Although this system does not have geometrical frustration, it can be mapped into an effective triangular ladder with staggered fluxes at low energies for specific values of synthetic tunneling. The scheme allows for minimal instances of frustrated magnets without the need for real geometrical frustration, in a setup of minimal experimental complexity.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
