Article
Mechanics
Sourayon Chanda, Peichun Amy Tsai
Summary: In this study, diffusion osmotic nanoflow in charged nanochannels under different salt concentrations was investigated. The flow speed was found to be linearly dependent on the concentration difference, while the flow direction was primarily influenced by the nanochannel dimensions and surface charge density.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Niu Feng, Xuewen Peng, Zhipan Wang, Xiaoping Yu, Xuping Shentu, Yiping Chen
Summary: Pursuing convenient operations and precise testing has become an urgent requirement in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. This study constructed a label-free electroosmotic flow-driven microchannel (LF-EMB) biosensor based on the dual properties of highly selective antibody-antigen recognition and potential signaling of biomolecules. The LF-EMB demonstrated outstanding sensitivity and detection speed, providing a convenient option for the quantitative detection of inflammatory markers and antibiotics.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Morgan H. Lynch, Eliahu Cohen, Yaron Hadad, Ido Kaminer
Summary: This study examines the radiation emitted by high-energy positrons channeled into silicon crystal samples and discovers thermalization of the detector energy gap at the FDU temperature. The derived power spectrum shows excellent statistical agreement with high-energy channeling experiments and provides a method to directly measure the FDU temperature, presenting evidence for acceleration-induced thermality in a nonanalog system.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Konstantin G. Wirth, Jonas B. Hauck, Alexander Rothstein, Hristiyana Kyoseva, Dario Siebenkotten, Lukas Conrads, Lennart Klebl, Ammon Fischer, Bernd Beschoten, Christoph Stampfer, Dante M. Kennes, Lutz Waldecker, Thomas Taubner
Summary: In this study, ABCB stacked tetralayer graphene domains were identified and characterized using scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy and confocal Raman microscopy. By comparing experimental results with theoretical predictions, a reliable method for the recognition of ABCB domains in tetralayer graphene was established.
Article
Mechanics
Doyel Pandey, Pranab Kumar Mondal
Summary: Our analysis discusses the effect of gate potential on the formation of vortices in a nanofluidic channel. We establish that suitable modulation of the channel wall's dielectric polarization and surface charge leads to the development of vortices and net flow in the channel. We also identify critical surface charge density values for the formation of maximum strength and size vortices, as well as a critical range of surface charge density for optimum vortices generation in the presence of the dielectric gate electrode.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi-Bao Zhang, Eberhard Bodenschatz, Haitao Xu, Heng-Dong Xi
Summary: The addition of a minute amount of long-chain flexible polymer in turbulent flow can significantly alter flow properties, such as reducing drag and enhancing mixing. The interaction between polymer additives and eddies of different spatial scales changes turbulent energy transfer. The presence of a previously unidentified scaling range, known as the elastic range, affects the scaling of high-order velocity statistics and has important implications for various turbulence systems.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuyue Jiang, Haifeng Zhang, Liang Chen, Yiping Li, Shengtian Sang, Xiaowei Liu
Summary: This paper proposes an open microfluidic chip based on super-wettability surface to avoid traditional bonding technology, and demonstrates its capability of achieving stable electroosmotic flow.
COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Adham Riad, Behnam Khorshidi, Abraham Mansouri, Mohtada Sadrzadeh
Summary: Transient electrokinetic analysis of electroosmotic flows in charged nanocapillaries was conducted, evaluating the transient effects of ionic currents and magnetic fields both inside and outside the nanochannel. Results showed peak magnetic field strength near charged walls at the outer surface, correlated with distribution of total current density within the channel. Longitudinal changes in electric double layer distribution significantly affected the decay rate of magnetic field outside the nanochannel walls. The generated magnetic field detected outside the nanochannels could serve as a secondary electromagnetic signal for biomolecule sequencing.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fenghui Wu, Caiyue Jin, Ruosong Xie, Guangfei Qu, Bangjin Chen, Jin Qin, Xinxin Liu, Hailin Li, Lingrui Kuang
Summary: This study investigated the migration behavior of impurities in phosphogypsum (PG) under electrokinetic treatment and proposed a new treatment technology for purification and harmless treatment. The results showed that most water-soluble impurities exhibited migration distribution laws at different voltages. F- accumulated at the cathode due to the electroosmotic flow. Positive MF+ was formed in acidic conditions and traveled to the cathode under the combined action of electric field force and electroosmotic flow. The concentration of PO43- increased in the anode chamber and decreased in the cathode chamber during electrokinetic treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenyu Zhao, Shaoxin Wang, Sudi Chen, Zuocheng Zhang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Alex Zettl, Feng Wang
Summary: Thermally excited electrons and holes form a quantum-critical Dirac fluid in ultraclean graphene. The electrodynamic responses of this fluid are described by a universal hydrodynamic theory. Researchers observed the presence of a hydrodynamic plasmon and energy wave in ultraclean graphene using on-chip terahertz spectroscopy technique. These findings open up new opportunities to explore collective hydrodynamic excitations in graphene systems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinya Kusama, Kaito Sato, Yuuya Matsui, Natsumi Kimura, Hiroya Abe, Shotaro Yoshida, Matsuhiko Nishizawa
Summary: The authors discuss the utilization of porous polymer microneedles combined with electroosmosis powered by enzymatic batteries to deliver small and large molecules across the skin efficiently.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Turash Haque Pial, Harnoor Singh Sachar, Parth Rakesh Desai, Siddhartha Das
Summary: This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the possibility of changing the direction of electroosmotic liquid flow in nanochannels by adjusting the electric field strength. The research explores the behavior of nanoconfined polyelectrolyte brushes, revealing an overscreening effect, specific ion distributions, and changes in brush height that lead to a reversal in the direction of electroosmotic transport.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bin Xi, Chuan Wang, Wang Xi, Yang Liu, Hui Wang, Yang Yang
Summary: This study analyzes the water hammer characteristics of water hammer on tubing offset center in an oil project using a test apparatus, particle image velocimetry, and a transient pressure measurement system. The results show that water hammer occurs with an increase in eccentricity, causing increased pressure in the oil casing annulus and forming a double imbalance in the eccentric annulus tubing. Additionally, the flow velocity decreases in the small flow passage and decays rapidly in the oil casing annulus.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Myrto Maglara, Christos G. Tsagas
Summary: This study focuses on the large-scale peculiar motions in the universe, exploring the linear evolution of peculiar velocities before recombination and during de Sitter inflation. The research shows that bulk motions are triggered and sustained by nongravitational forces, and peculiar motions can grow in nonbaryonic species in the late radiation era.
Article
Mechanics
Shuai Yuan, Mingyong Zhou, Xijiang Liu, Qiang Li, Dietmar Drummer, Bingyan Jiang
Summary: With the recent interest in microfluidic devices, this study focuses on preconcentration technology using field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) in microchannels. Numerical investigations reveal that reducing microchannel width is an effective way to improve enrichment quality. In addition, the study proposes a high-conductance gradient boundary to further enhance the performance of traditional FASS.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Evgeniy Boyko, Vesna Bacheva, Michael Eigenbrod, Federico Paratore, Amir D. Gat, Steffen Hardt, Moran Bercovici
Summary: By injecting momentum in a region surrounding an object in microscale flow, both cloaking and shielding conditions can be achieved, with the ability to dynamically switch between different states demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Evgeniy Boyko, Howard A. Stone
Summary: This paper analyzes the pressure-driven flow of the Oldroyd-B fluid in slowly varying arbitrarily shaped, narrow channels and presents a theoretical framework for calculating the relationship between the flow rate and pressure drop. The analytical results are validated with numerical simulations and it is found that the pressure drop is mainly determined by the gradients in the viscoelastic shear stresses.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Probst, Matteo Manica, Yves Gaetan Nana Teukam, Alessandro Castrogiovanni, Federico Paratore, Teodoro Laino
Summary: This study extends the data-driven forward reaction and retrosynthetic pathway prediction models based on the Molecular Transformer architecture to biocatalysis. The authors provide a publicly available enzymatic knowledge dataset and aim to facilitate the adoption of enzymatic catalysis in the design of greener chemistry processes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Federico Paratore, Vesna Bacheva, Moran Bercovici, Govind V. Kaigala
Summary: Lab-on-a-chip devices based on microfluidic technologies often lack flexibility and real-time decision-making capabilities, hindering their applicability for a wide range of scientific applications. Reconfigurable and programmable microfluidic platforms hold the potential to support new functionalities that go beyond current lab-on-a-chip systems. Advancing technologies to dynamically control microscale flows and design fully reconfigurable microfluidic devices have significant implications for the scientific community as a whole.
NATURE REVIEWS CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Vesna Bacheva, Federico Paratore, Maya Bar-Dolev, Baruch Rofman, Govind V. Kaigala, Moran Bercovici
Summary: In this article, a microfluidic device for selective separation and extraction of molecules based on their diffusivity is presented. The device utilizes electroosmotically driven bidirectional flows to achieve separation, where high-diffusivity species remain stationary while lower diffusivity species are collected. The device demonstrates high extraction efficiency (>90%) and purity (>99%) over extended periods, making it suitable for processing low sample volumes. Furthermore, the device is shown to be applicable for the extraction of genomic DNA from short DNA fragments.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Evgeniy Boyko, Ivan C. Christov
Summary: We analyze the fluid-structure interaction between the flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid and a deformable channel. We provide a theoretical framework for calculating the effect of the fluid's viscoelasticity on the flow rate-pressure drop relation and channel deformation. By identifying characteristic scales and dimensionless parameters, and using the lubrication approximation and perturbation expansion, we derive an expression for the pressure as a function of the channel's non-uniform shape in the weakly viscoelastic limit. We show the leading-order effect of the interplay between the viscoelasticity of the fluid and the compliance of the channel on the pressure, deformation, and flow rate-pressure drop relation.
JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Vesna Bacheva, Amir Firouzeh, Edouard Leroy, Aiste Balciunaite, Diana Davila, Israel Gabay, Federico Paratore, Moran Bercovici, Herbert Shea, Govind Kaigala
Summary: The current method for controlling high-voltage actuator arrays is expensive and relies on microelectronic processes or individual wiring. This study proposes an alternative approach using on-chip photoconductive switches and a light projection system for individual control of high-voltage actuators. The switches, made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, are robust and can be integrated into different architectures for AC and DC-driven actuators.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Israel Gabay, Vesna Bacheva, Dotan Ilssar, Moran Bercovici, Antonio Ramos, Amir Gat
Summary: The use of thin liquid films has expanded into various applications beyond lubrication and coatings. This study focuses on a non-self-adjoint problem arising from finite liquid films with impermeable boundary conditions. A combined theoretical and experimental approach is employed to provide a time-dependent closed-form analytical solution for this system. The results show that confined films exhibit different behavior compared to infinite or periodic films, impacting their deformation and response time.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Howard A. Stone, Michael J. Shelley, Evgeniy Boyko
Summary: This article presents a derivation of time derivatives commonly used in continuum descriptions of complex fluid flows, using the principles of line element kinematics. The evolution of microstructural conformation tensor in a flow and the physical interpretation of different derivatives are then naturally obtained.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Marcel M. Louis, Evgeniy Boyko, Howard A. Stone
Summary: This study investigates the influence of temperature-dependent viscosity on the relationship between pressure drop and flow rate in pipe flows. Different temperature boundary conditions are applied to change the viscosity field under the same flow conditions and compare how external heating affects the pressure drop. Analytical and similarity-solution methods are used to solve for the temperature distribution under constant temperature and constant heat flux boundary conditions, as well as assumed linear and polynomial temperature versus distance boundary conditions at the wall. The lubrication and boundary-layer approximations are used for the momentum and energy equations, respectively. The reciprocal theorem is used to derive an expression for the pressure drop for a viscosity field that depends on temperature and spatially varies across and along the flow. Assuming a small fractional change in viscosity with temperature, an analytical expression for the pressure drop for a given flow rate is obtained. The numerical results are compared with analytical predictions in the low and high Peclet number limits.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Ran Eshel, Valeri Frumkin, Matan Nice, Omer Luria, Boris Ferdman, Nadav Opatovski, Khaled Gommed, Maxim Shusteff, Yoav Shechtman, Moran Bercovici
Summary: This study presents a method for freeform deformation of a thin liquid film using projected light patterns, leveraging the thermocapillary effect. By controlling the projection pattern, the liquid surface can be deformed, and solid devices can be fabricated. The process is fast and yields high-quality results.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Baruch Rofman, Rawi Naddaf, Maya Bar-Dolev, Tal Gefen, Nadav Ben-Assa, Naama Geva-Zatorsky, Moran Bercovici
Summary: We have developed a controllable valve that combines electroosmotic-flow generation and hydrophobic air gap in porous media, allowing for multi-step assays on paper-based devices. Our model describes the flow and control parameters, and we have successfully constructed a stable and practical device. The device has been demonstrated for amplification of SARS-CoV-2 sequences directly from raw saliva samples.
Article
Mechanics
Israel Gabay, Federico Paratore, Evgeniy Boyko, Antonio Ramos, Amir D. Gat, Moran Bercovici
Summary: In this study, a theoretical model and experimental demonstration of thin liquid film deformations induced by a dielectric force distribution established by surface electrodes are presented. The coupling of this force with the Young-Laplace equation successfully predicts the deformation of the interface, with experimental validation showing good agreement with the model. A designed experimental set-up allows for the production of complex deformations on liquid films, showcasing the potential for dynamic modulation and polymerization of the films.
