Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Michael T. Stuart
Summary: This paper provides a unified account of tools of the imagination in improving scientific imaginings, highlighting the importance of epistemic consequences. It distinguishes between evaluating tools in retrospect, at the cutting edge, and in general, emphasizing the development of epistemic virtues as a general benefit of using these tools.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Song Cai, Wenhao Liu, Jinchao Song, Kai Deng, Yinghong Tang
Summary: This article briefly describes traditional machining methods and introduces new dressing methods, with a focus on the laser dressing method. Through numerical simulation and experiments, it is demonstrated that laser dressing is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for sharpening and truing of diamond abrasive grinding tools.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Kang Jia, Junkang Guo, Tao Ma, Kaigang Nan, Jun Hong, Lei Zhang
Summary: This study developed a wheel orientation calculation method for helical rake flank sharpening, aiming to improve the accuracy of wheel positioning through discrete enveloping and external enveloping profiles. By approximating the grinding motion as a series of discrete wheels and deriving the instant contact line through a mathematical model, the effectiveness of this method was verified through experiments and simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Thomas Spencer, Navroz K. Dubash
Summary: India's development pathway is characterized by unique features such as low industrialization, early growth of services, and slower urbanization compared to similar countries, impacting its energy system significantly. There is wide uncertainty regarding India's future GDP growth rate and the persistence or reversal of these structural characteristics. Existing modeling studies lack detailed and contextualized assumptions about India's macro development pathway and its connection to sectoral energy demand and supply patterns, leading to divergent results and uncertainty in interpretation. Enhancing transparency and discussion around overarching socio-economic development scenarios linked to sector dynamics is crucial for addressing these gaps.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si-ru Niu, Jian-min Hu, Shu Lin, Yu Hong
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by leakage and obstruction of retinal microvessels caused by diabetes. It can lead to vision impairment and blindness if left untreated. Pericyte-related diseases are considered important factors in its development, and exosomes may play a crucial role in the progression of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew E. Griffin, Linda C. Hsieh-Wilson
Summary: This primer discusses key methods and recent breakthrough technologies for identifying, monitoring, and manipulating glycans in mammalian systems.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Candace J. Chow, Laura E. Hirshfield, Tasha R. Wyatt
Summary: Although critical theory is increasingly recognized as important in addressing systemic racism and oppression in medical education, there is a lack of guidance on how researchers can engage with these theories. By demonstrating how critical theory can be applied to analyze the experiences of minoritized individuals, researchers may gain a better understanding of sociohistorical forces at play in medical education.
TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Linda Alex, Izabela Tuleta, Venugopal Harikrishnan, Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
Summary: Pericytes and fibroblasts in the myocardium are distinct populations of cardiac interstitial cells, with different transcriptional signatures. The inducible NG2(CreER) driver is optimal for targeting cardiac pericytes, while the inducible PDGFR beta(CreER) line lacks specificity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michael Beshiri, Supreet Agarwal, Juan Juan Yin, Kathleen Kelly
Summary: Organoid technology has revolutionized translational research in oncology by developing patient-specific living biobanks. Prostate cancer research has been limited to a few in vitro models, hindering the translation of experimental findings to heterogeneous patient populations. Organoid culture methods have expanded the diversity of tractable models, including luminal stem/progenitor cells and patient-derived cancers, enabling more accurate therapeutic predictions and informative clinical trials. This article examines the current use of prostate organoid technology, potential therapeutic applications, and existing challenges.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tiantian Li, Dianyi Li, Qingyuan Wei, Minghong Shi, Jiakun Xiang, Ruiwei Gao, Chao Chen, Zhi-Xiang Xu
Summary: The neurovascular unit (NVU) is crucial for neurovascular coupling, which involves communication between neurons, glia, and vascular cells to regulate the supply of oxygen and nutrients based on neural activity. NVU cellular elements create a barrier separating the central nervous system from the peripheral system, maintaining homeostasis. In Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta deposition impairs NVU functions, accelerating disease progression. This article reviews the current understanding of NVU cellular elements and their roles in regulating blood-brain barrier integrity, focusing on Alzheimer's disease. It also discusses various approaches for in vivo imaging and targeting of NVU components.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qisong Liu, Jianghong Huang, Jiang Xia, Yujie Liang, Guangheng Li
Summary: Imaging of extracellular vesicles (EVs) plays a crucial role in understanding their biological functions and potential as therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles. Various labeling and imaging methods, such as fluorescent imaging, bioluminescent imaging, nuclear imaging, and nanoparticle-assisted imaging, have been developed to track the communication and bio-distribution of EVs. These techniques contribute to a better understanding of EV uptake mechanisms, biological functions, and pharmacokinetic properties, which are essential for their clinical application.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hao Zhang, Nan Zhang, Wantao Wu, Zeyu Wang, Ziyu Dai, Xisong Liang, Liyang Zhang, Yun Peng, Peng Luo, Jian Zhang, Zaoqu Liu, Quan Cheng, Zhixiong Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the cell pair score can serve as a predictive tool for survival and immunotherapy response in GBM patients, and the interaction between macrophages and pericytes plays a significant role in the tumor microenvironment of GBM.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zhixu Ni, Michele Wolk, Geoff Jukes, Karla Mendivelso Espinosa, Robert Ahrends, Lucila Aimo, Jorge Alvarez-Jarreta, Simon Andrews, Robert Andrews, Alan Bridge, Geremy C. Clair, Matthew J. Conroy, Eoin Fahy, Caroline Gaud, Laura Goracci, Juergen Hartler, Nils Hoffmann, Dominik Kopczyinki, Ansgar Korf, Andrea F. Lopez-Clavijo, Adnan Malik, Jacobo Miranda Ackerman, Martijn R. Molenaar, Claire O'Donovan, Tomas Pluskal, Andrej Shevchenko, Denise Slenter, Gary Siuzdak, Martina Kutmon, Hiroshi Tsugawa, Egon L. Willighagen, Jianguo Xia, Valerie B. O'Donnell, Maria Fedorova
Summary: Progress in mass spectrometry lipidomics has led to a rapid increase in research in biology and biomedicine, generating large datasets that require sophisticated solutions for automated data processing. To address this issue, various software tools have been developed, but researchers often face difficulties in choosing the most suitable approach, resulting in inefficient and time-consuming ad hoc testing.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Lihui Chen, Gemine Vivone, Jiayi Qin, Jocelyn Chanussot, Xiaomin Yang
Summary: In this article, a spectral-spatial transformer (SST) is proposed to explore the potential of transformers for hyperspectral (HS) and multispectral (MS) image fusion. The SST blocks are used to extract spectral and spatial features from HS and MS images, respectively, to capture the long-range dependence. The fused features are then utilized to reconstruct a high-resolution (HR) HS image, achieving superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2023)
Review
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Michelle N. Ramos, Penelope Collins, Elizabeth D. Pena
Summary: This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the diagnostic accuracy of English language sample analysis (LSA) measures for the identification of developmental language disorder. Results show that several LSA measures or combinations of measures are clinically useful for this purpose, although further research is needed to replicate findings and explore measures suitable for adolescents and diverse varieties of English.
JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Hartmann, Hyacinth I. Hyacinth, Francesca-Fang Liao, Andy Y. Shih
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2018)
Review
Developmental Biology
Vanessa Coelho-Santos, Andy Y. Shih
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
David A. Hartmann, Andree-Anne Berthiaume, Roger I. Grant, Sarah A. Harrill, Tegan Koski, Taryn Tieu, Konnor P. McDowell, Anna V. Faino, Abigail L. Kelly, Andy Y. Shih
Summary: Capillary pericytes play a role in regulating blood flow by influencing vasoconstriction and dilation. Optogenetic stimulation of these cells leads to decreased luminal diameter and blood flow, affecting the overall modulation of blood flow in the brain.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Barbara Calabrese, Steven Jones, Yoko Yamaguchi-Shiraishi, Michael Lingelbach, Uri Manor, Tatyana M. Svitkina, Henry N. Higgs, Andy Y. Shih, Shelley Halpain
Summary: Ischemia and excess NMDA receptor activation cause actin to reorganize, protecting neurons from death induced by cell edema.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andree-Anne Berthiaume, Franca Schmid, Stefan Stamenkovic, Vanessa Coelho-Santos, Cara D. Nielson, Bruno Weber, Mark W. Majesky, Andy Y. Shih
Summary: The deterioration of brain capillary flow and architecture in aging and dementia is linked to the loss of brain pericytes. Focal pericyte loss induces capillary dilation, which is exacerbated in the aged brain, leading to increased flow heterogeneity and disruption of capillary connectivity. Remodeling of neighboring pericytes restores endothelial coverage and vascular tone, but is slower in the aged brain. These findings highlight the importance of pericyte remodeling as a therapeutic target for preserving capillary flow dynamics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stefan Stamenkovic, Yuandong Li, Jack Waters, Andy Shih
Summary: The increasing socio-economic burden of Alzheimer disease (AD) and AD-related dementias has created a pressing need to define targets for therapeutic intervention. Animal models that recapitulate features of AD/AD-related dementias may provide mechanistic insight because microvascular pathology can be studied as it develops in vivo. Recent advances in in vivo optical and ultrasound-based imaging of the rodent brain facilitate this goal by providing access to deeper brain structures, including white matter and hippocampus, which are more vulnerable to injury during cerebrovascular disease.
