Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yanxiang Yang, Huijun Hu, Joerg Koenigstorfer
Summary: This study examines the impacts of standalone gamified smartphone applications on physical activity, finding that these applications have a positive effect on promoting physical activity, especially in between-group randomized controlled trials.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexander J. Kovalic, Glen Huang, Paul J. Thuluvath, Sanjaya K. Satapathy
Summary: This study found a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospitalized Chinese patients with severe/critical COVID-19 infection. Abnormal liver chemistries, including elevated aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and decreased albumin levels, were also observed in severe cases.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fanqi Zhao, Xiang Hong, Wei Wang, Jingying Wu, Bei Wang
Summary: The current evidence suggests that high intensity physical activity and limited sleep duration are negatively associated with fertility. However, there is heterogeneity among studies and the quality of research evidence is low to moderate.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Rodney K. Dishman, Cillian P. McDowell, Matthew Payton Herring
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, finding that habitual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is inversely associated with the onset of depression and subclinical depressive symptoms among adults, regardless of global region, gender, age, or follow-up period.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dagfinn Aune, Sabrina Schlesinger, Michael F. Leitzmann, Serena Tonstad, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli, Lars J. Vatten
Summary: High levels of total physical activity, leisure-time activity, vigorous activity, occupational activity, walking and bicycling combined, and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced risk of developing heart failure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sheng Cheng, Bo Yang, Liwei Xu, Qiming Zheng, Guoqing Ding, Gonghui Li
Summary: This meta-analysis found a significant increase in the risk of prostate cancer among men who underwent vasectomy, with an association also found with the risk of advanced prostate cancer. Further large prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and explore potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andreas Papadopoulos, Konstantinos Palaiopanos, Harry Bjorkbacka, Annette Peters, James A. de Lemos, Sudha Seshadri, Martin Dichgans, Marios K. Georgakis
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies found a linear association between higher circulating IL-6 levels and increased risk of incident ischemic stroke in community-dwelling individuals. These results provide further evidence supporting the importance of IL-6 signaling in ischemic stroke.
Review
Sport Sciences
Christopher Rumpf, Sebastian Proschinger, Alexander Schenk, Wilhelm Bloch, Amit Lampit, Florian Javelle, Philipp Zimmer
Summary: The study found that acute physical exercise significantly increases NKCA activity, with a larger effect for endurance exercise compared to resistance exercise, and increasing with exercise intensity. There was no significant effect on NKCA levels after the recovery period.
Review
Oncology
Longgang Zhao, Chuanjie Deng, Zijin Lin, Edward Giovannucci, Xuehong Zhang
Summary: Higher intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) is associated with increased liver cancer risk, while higher serum levels of cholesterol and HDL are associated with decreased liver cancer risk, albeit with high variability between studies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rasmus Tolstrup Larsen, Vibeke Wagner, Christoffer Bruun Korfitsen, Camilla Keller, Carsten Bogh Juhl, Henning Langberg, Jan Christensen
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of physical activity monitor (PAM) based interventions among adults and found that PAM interventions can effectively increase physical activity and moderate to vigorous physical activity. However, the effect might be overestimated due to publication bias.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jakob Tarp, Morten W. Fagerland, Knut Eirik Dalene, Jostein Steene Johannessen, Bjorge H. Hansen, Barbara J. Jefferis, Peter H. Whincup, Keith M. Diaz, Steven Hooker, Virginia J. Howard, Ariel Chernofsky, Martin G. Larson, Nicole L. Spartano, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ing-Mari Dohrn, Maria Hagstromer, Charlotte Edwardson, Thomas Yates, Eric J. Shiroma, Paddy C. Dempsey, Katrien Wijndaele, Sigmund A. Anderssen, I-Min Lee, Ulf Ekelund
Summary: The study revealed that higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower risk of mortality regardless of weight status. For normal weight and overweight individuals, higher levels of total and intensity-specific physical activity were related to lower mortality risk, while for those who were obese, only total physical activity was inversely associated with mortality risk.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Aino Saarinen, Liisa Keltikangas-Jarvinen, Niklas Ravaja
Summary: Through a systematic coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, this research found that ethnic minority members did not exhibit neural inter-group bias, while ethnic majority members showed biased responses towards minority members in brain regions related to facial processing, attention, and perspective-taking. Furthermore, differences in neural response patterns were observed towards different ethnic groups, with the strongest biases towards Black individuals. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the neural processes involved in ethnicity perception, prejudice, and discrimination.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Chenxi Cai, Stephen Busch, Rachel Wang, Allison Sivak, Margie H. Davenport
Summary: This study examined the impact of physical activity before and during pregnancy on maternal mental health outcomes. The results showed that high levels of physical activity during pregnancy were associated with a reduced risk and severity of prenatal depression and anxiety, as well as decreased stress and improved quality of life. However, physical activity before pregnancy did not have an impact on the outcomes of interest.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fangfang Xie, Yanli You, Chong Guan, Yuanjia Gu, Fei Yao, Jiatuo Xu
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that physical activity has a preventive effect on infertility by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, reducing gonadotropin levels, elevating immune function, and inhibiting inflammation and circulating sex hormones. High levels of physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of infertility compared to low levels, and moderate physical activity also showed a significant reduction in the risk of infertility compared to low activity. However, high levels of physical activity appeared to slightly increase the risk of infertility compared to moderate activity.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Setor K. Kunutsor, Samuel Seidu, Jari A. Laukkanen
Summary: Regular physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of incident pneumonia and pneumonia-related mortality in the general population. It is important to identify and encourage physical activity types that are attractive to and feasible for high-risk populations.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Eliska Selinger, Manuela Neuenschwander, Alina Koller, Jan Gojda, Tilman Kuehn, Lukas Schwingshackl, Janett Barbaresko, Sabrina Schlesinger
Summary: This study conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to evaluate the health impact of a vegan diet. The findings suggest that a vegan diet is effective in reducing body weight and has further health benefits, such as a lower risk of cancer incidence and all-cause mortality, as well as lower ApoB levels. However, a vegan diet may be associated with an increased risk of fractures. For individuals with diabetes or at high cardiovascular disease risk, a vegan diet improves measures of adiposity, cholesterol levels, LDL, and glycemic control.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Joachim Rosenbauer, Anna Stahl-Pehe, Sabrina Schlesinger, Oliver Kuss
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Schlesinger
Article
Virology
Inge Kirchberger, Daniela Peilstoecker, Tobias D. Warm, Jakob Linseisen, Alexander Hyhlik-Duerr, Christine Meisinger, Yvonne Gosslau
Summary: Studies have shown that a significant proportion of non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients experience cognitive problems, including difficulties with memory and concentration. Factors such as level of education, age, and depression have been found to be associated with these cognitive impairments. Early identification of mild cognitive impairment is crucial in providing effective interventions for these patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nuha Shugaa Addin, Christopher L. L. Schlett, Fabian Bamberg, Barbara Thorand, Jakob Linseisen, Jochen Seissler, Annette Peters, Susanne Rospleszcz
Summary: This study investigated the association of serum and dietary magnesium with markers of subclinical CVD. The results showed that serum magnesium was associated with carotid plaque, while dietary magnesium was associated with left ventricular structure and function.
Article
Biology
Timo Schmitz, Eva Harmel, Margit Heier, Annette Peters, Jakob Linseisen, Christa Meisinger
Summary: This study aimed to compare characteristics of incident acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and first and second-time reinfarctions and identify predictors for an increased risk of hospitalized reinfarction. It found major differences in comorbidities, laboratory values, ECG presentation, and therapy between myocardial reinfarctions and incident events. Typical comorbidities and risk factors were associated with an increased risk of hospitalized reinfarction, while certain factors like STEMI ECG and bypass surgery were predictors for a lower risk.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Schlesinger, Alexander Lang, Nikoletta Christodoulou, Philipp Linnerz, Kalliopi Pafili, Oliver Kuss, Christian Herder, Manuela Neuenschwander, Janett Barbaresko, Michael Roden
Summary: This study aimed to provide a systematic overview of the current evidence on high-risk phenotypes of diabetes associated with COVID-19 severity and death. Observational studies investigating phenotypes in individuals with diabetes and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The findings strengthened the associations between male sex, older age, blood glucose level at admission, chronic insulin use, chronic metformin use, and pre-existing comorbidities and COVID-19-related death, and identified new factors such as obesity, HbA(1c) level, chronic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use, and pre-existing heart failure associated with COVID-19-related death.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Oliver Kuss, Marie Elisabeth Opitz, Lea Verena Brandstetter, Sabrina Schlesinger, Michael Roden, Annika Hoyer
Summary: Treatment heterogeneity and identification of clinical predictors are prerequisites for the application of precision medicine. This study utilized meta-regression analysis on placebo-controlled randomized trials of type 2 diabetes treatment and found that there is an increase in the variability of glycaemic control after treatment, with GLP-1 receptor agonists showing the most pronounced effect.
Article
Virology
Inge Kirchberger, Christine Meisinger, Tobias D. Warm, Alexander Hyhlik-Duerr, Jakob Linseisen, Yvonne Gosslau
Summary: This study investigated the symptoms, healthcare needs, utilization, and satisfaction of healthcare services in a German sample of non-hospitalized individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) two years after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that a majority of participants experienced various symptoms, increased healthcare utilization, lack of understanding about persistent symptoms, and difficulties in finding competent healthcare providers.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christa Meisinger, Dennis Freuer, Timo Schmitz, Michael Ertl, Philipp Zickler, Markus Naumann, Jakob Linseisen
Summary: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate potential associations between the etiologic subtypes of ischemic stroke and blood-based proteins. The study found that stromal-cell-derived-factor 1 alpha (SDF-1a) showed significantly higher serum levels in cardioembolic stroke compared with large vessel atherosclerotic stroke, while interleukin-6 (IL-6) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels were significantly lower in the small vessel stroke subtype compared to the large vessel stroke subtype.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Britta Renner, Anette E. Buyken, Kurt Gedrich, Stefan Lorkowski, Bernhard Watzl, Jakob Linseisen, Hannelore Daniel
Summary: Research on personalized nutrition has shown limited effectiveness and there are concerns about its impact on health inequality. To address these issues, a new approach called adaptive personalized nutrition advice systems (APNASs) is proposed. This approach aims to tailor personalized advice to individual needs, capacities, and receptivity in real-life food environments, encompassing broadened goals and personalized behavior change processes. Digital nutrition ecosystems enable continuous monitoring and support in food environments.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexander Lang, Oliver Kuss, Tim Filla, Gunter Kuhnle, Sabrina Schlesinger
Summary: This study investigated the association between sucrose intake and the development of diabetes. The results showed that urinary sucrose, an objective biomarker, was more accurate in assessing this association compared to self-reports. The study found an inverse association between self-reported sucrose intake and incident diabetes, while urinary sucrose indicated a positive association. Obesity partially mediated this association.
NUTRITION & DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maximilian Iglesias Morcillo, Dennis Freuer, Annette Peters, Margit Heier, Christine Meisinger, Jakob Linseisen
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between BMI and waist circumference with plasma concentrations of coagulation factors in the general population. The results showed significant associations between BMI and waist circumference with various coagulation factors, suggesting that the modification of the coagulation profile could be a potential target for primary prevention in obese individuals.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manuela Neuenschwander, Julia Stadelmaier, Julian Eble, Kathrin Grummich, Edyta Szczerba, Eva Kiesswetter, Sabrina Schlesinger, Lukas Schwingshackl
Summary: Research suggests that substituting animal-based foods (e.g. red and processed meat, eggs, dairy, poultry, butter) with plant-based foods (e.g. nuts, legumes, whole grains, olive oil) is beneficially associated with cardiometabolic health and reduced risk of all-cause mortality.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luisa Hardt, Yahya Mahamat-Saleh, Dagfinn Aune, Sabrina Schlesinger
Summary: This systematic review aims to summarize the association between postdiagnosis plant-based diets and prognosis in cancer survivors. The findings suggest that higher intake of plant-based foods may be associated with improved prognosis in cancer survivors. However, further research considering clinical and methodological factors is needed due to the heterogeneity between studies.
CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS
(2022)
