Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jahangir Alam, M. G. Murtaza, E. E. Tzirtzilakis, M. Ferdows
Summary: In this study, the behavior of blood flow with magnetic particles through a two-dimensional stretching cylinder under the influence of a magnetic field is investigated numerically and theoretically. The results reveal that the blood flow can be controlled by employing a strong magnetic field, which has significant implications for medical applications.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kowsar Teimouri, Mohammad Reza Tavakoli, Ashkan Ghafari, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The study investigated the effect of an external magnetic field on pulsatile blood flow in a stenosed curved artery, finding that the magnetic field increases wall shear stress and pressure in deoxygenated blood, with a greater impact on deoxygenated blood. Decreasing the occlusion percentage of the artery increased the magnetic field's influence on blood flow. The study concluded that a magnetic field of Mn = 2.5 can be safely used for MDT in such a stenosed curved artery.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Nilamani Sahoo, Gargi Khurana, Devranjan Samanta, Purbarun Dhar
Summary: The study investigates the post-impact hydrodynamics of ferrofluid droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces in the presence of a horizontal magnetic field. Various dynamics were observed by controlling the impact parameters and magnetic field strength, leading to findings such as the suppression of droplet rebound and the formation of unstable liquid lamella. The asymmetrical spreading of droplets due to the Lorentz force was highlighted as a key factor influencing the impact outcomes.
Article
Biophysics
M. G. Murtaza, J. C. Misra, E. E. Tzirtzilakis, M. Ferdows
Summary: The study aims to investigate the influence of an applied magnetic field on the flow of two-dimensional biomagnetic Maxwell fluid past a nonlinearly stretched sheet. The effects of magnetohydrodynamics and ferrohydrodynamics on the flow are considered. The governing nonlinear partial differential equation is transformed into coupled ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and numerically solved using finite difference method. The study provides insights into the flow profile and the influence of different parameters on the flow characteristics, which are crucial for applications in medicine.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
M. H. Faruk, M. Ferdows, E. E. Tzirtzilakis
Summary: Magnetic hyperthermia can be regulated in the blood by using magnetic nanoparticles and changing the nature of the magnetic field. This research examines the effects of uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields on bio-magnetic fluid and nano-bio-magnetic fluid under hyperthermia. The study shows that a uniform magnetic field increases temperature locally but decreases the overall temperature, while a non-uniform field decreases both local maximum and average blood temperature.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sufian Munawar
Summary: Shear stress at the cilia wall affects the efficiency of cilia beatings by describing the momentum transfer between the fluid and the cilia. Various physical parameters have significant effects on flow quantities such as velocity and pressure gradient in the channel.
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Ali Rabienataj Darzi, S. Morteza Mousavi
Summary: This study presents a method for improving the charging and discharging rates in thermal energy storage units by applying a magnetic field. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through experimental and numerical data. By placing the wire in appropriate locations, higher efficiency can be achieved in both the charging and discharging processes.
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. H. Ferguson Briggs, A. J. Mestel
Summary: This study investigates the stability of a ferrofluid with a fairly arbitrary non-uniform magnetic susceptibility between two parallel walls, subject to a non-uniform magnetic field acting normal to the walls. It is found that adding a constant field can suppress parallel instabilities, while stability can be achieved by applying a rapidly rotating field.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Abdulaziz Alsenafi, M. Ferdows
Summary: A magnetic fluid, composed of a base fluid and magnetic particles, can improve the thermal conductivity of the fluid. A model is presented to study the flow of blood containing magnetic particles through a thin needle in a strong magnetic field. The presence of magnetism and the size of the needle significantly affect the flow and temperature.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Soumyaranjan Ranasingh, Tapan Pradhan, D. Koteswara Raju, Arvind R. Singh, Alexandre Piantini
Summary: This paper proposes a novel current measurement technique based on the Hall-effect principle, achieving higher sensitivity by varying the biasing voltage and the phase of the applied magnetic field. Experimental results confirm that the offset of the sensor is reduced to zero with minimum noise and nonlinearity.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
S. H. Ferguson Briggs, A. J. Mestel
Summary: This article investigates the linear stability of a Newtonian ferrofluid system centered on a rigid wire in the presence of a surrounding ferrofluid with different magnetic susceptibility. The study analyzes the effect of an electric current running through the wire, generating a magnetic stress at the fluid interface. The article solves the linearized Navier-Stokes equations for three-dimensional disturbances and determines the growth rate of the disturbances analytically. The results provide numerical values for the growth rate at arbitrary Reynolds numbers and explicit expressions for both inviscid and Stokes regimes. The article also explores the linear instability of a ferrofluid with radially varying magnetic susceptibility centered on a rigid wire under the influence of a non-uniform azimuthal field. It is proven that the system is linearly unstable if there is a positive gradient of susceptibility in the fluid, and applying an axial field can stabilize disturbances in cases of continuous and discontinuous susceptibilities.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Jahangir Alam, Ghulam Murtaza, Eugenia N. Petropoulou, Efstratios Em Tzirtzilakis, Mohammad Ferdows
Summary: In this study, the flow and heat characteristics of an unsteady, laminar biomagnetic fluid containing Fe3O4 magnetic particles under thermal radiation and a magnetic dipole influence were investigated using a group theory method. The mathematical formulation of the problem was constructed using biomagnetic fluid dynamics (BFD) principles. It was found that the fluid velocity is enhanced for increasing ferromagnetic number, while the temperature profile is decreased. The cylindrical shape of magnetic particles leads to a higher fluid temperature compared to the spherical shape. Moreover, the heat transfer rate of blood-Fe3O4 is significantly increased compared to pure blood, while the skin friction coefficient is reduced.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mohammad Ferdows, Jahangir Alam, Ghulam Murtaza, Efstratios E. Tzirtzilakis, Shuyu Sun
Summary: The numerical investigation of biomagnetic fluid flow and heat transfer through an unsteady stretching/shrinking cylinder containing magnetic particles is studied in this manuscript. The results show that different factors have significant impacts on fluid velocity, skin friction and heat transfer rate. This study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of biomagnetic fluid motion and heat transfer.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. F. Alegretti, R. G. Gontijo
Summary: This paper numerically investigates a square partially heated lid-driven cavity filled with ferrofluid subjected to the applied field of a permanent magnet. The simulations show a consistent coupling between hydrodynamic, thermal, and magnetic effects, depending on the particles' relaxation time. The results also demonstrate that, under certain conditions, the average Nusselt number can increase by up to 15% due to strong dipolar interaction effects.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Abderraouf Dahmani, Jose Munoz-Camara, Juan Pedro Solano, Samir Laouedj
Summary: This paper numerically analyzes the steady and laminar flow of a ferrofluid in a uniformly heated tube under the effect of a periodically arranged non-uniform magnetic field. The results show that the presence of the magnetic field induces periodic behavior in the flow, resulting in an increase in the Nusselt number and a slight increase in the friction factor.
FRONTIERS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Pourali, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Sayyed Aboozar Fanaee, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study presents an analytical investigation of heat and mass transfer in a planar micro-combustor considering detailed reaction mechanisms for a methane/air mixture. By dividing the reactive mixture into different zones and solving the partial differential equations of energy and species in each zone, proper correlations for wall temperature distribution under different conditions were proposed. Additionally, appropriate non-dimensional physical parameters were introduced for a general investigation, showing the impact of changing flow Peclet number and solid-fluid thermal diffusion ratio on gas temperature and CO conversion rate.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. E. Nakhchi, J. A. Esfahani
Summary: The turbulent characteristics and thermal enhancement of CuO-water nanofluids through heat exchangers with double V-cut twisted tapes were investigated numerically. The results showed that the modified twisted tapes with cuts led to strong turbulent kinetic energy and additional vortex flow, improving fluid mixing and heat transfer. A significant enhancement in heat transfer efficiency of about 14.5% was observed for the nanofluid with a volume fraction of phi=1.5%, reaching a maximum thermal performance of eta=1.99 at Re=5000.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hashim Sahar Mohaisen, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Mohammad Bagher Ayani
Summary: The study found that adding a condensing cavity in a passive single-basin solar still can increase freshwater productivity at a low cost.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Tauseef Nasir, Michael Chukwuemeka Ekwonu, Yoonseong Park, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study introduces a combined cooling, heating, and power system powered by biogas, suitable for small scale communities in remote locations. The system design parameters have a significant impact on the prime mover, providing different cooling and heating values, with a second law efficiency around 64.5%.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Seyed Mohammad Vahidhosseini, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The numerical assessment of a porous radiant burner showed good agreement with available data. The study found that radiant efficiency can exceed 50% under certain conditions, with an optimum equivalence ratio of around 0.83. Additionally, it was observed that NO production rate increases by increasing the input power/equivalence ratio.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Elham Hosseinirad, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Faramarz Hormozi, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The study shows that the use of Al2O3/H2O nanofluid and specific splitter shapes in different plate-pin fin-splitter heat sinks can significantly improve thermal performance and entropy generation rates.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Tauseef Nasir, Michael Chukwuemeka Ekwonu, Javad Abolfazali Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The study proposes a scheme to enhance the performance of large-scale chillers by raising the temperature of cooling water using an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), with various working fluids examined for different inlet temperatures. Genetic algorithm optimization was employed to find the best options for ORC working fluids, resulting in significant improvements in coefficient of performance (COP) and renewable energy requirements. The study determined DME, butene, and R1233zd (E) as ideal candidates for different heat source temperatures.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hamid Reza Karbasian, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Aliyu Musa Aliyu, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study numerically investigates the kinematics of dynamic stall and found that the different movements of the blade with the same angle of attack can significantly affect the aerodynamic loads and dynamic stall process. The pure-pitching motion induces higher drag force on the airfoil compared to the pure-heaving motion, while the pure-heaving motion causes excessive turbulence in the boundary layer, leading to more stable coherent structures and higher lift at post-stall.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Pourali, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani
Summary: This study presents an innovative combined approach, including machine learning for data generation, analytical techniques, and response surface methodology, to investigate micro-scale integrated hydrogen production systems. The study examines the effects of operational parameters on system performance and provides guidelines for initial design and optimized design suggestions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hosein Jahangir, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Mostafa Pourali, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: In this study, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model is developed to investigate a porous solar propane steam reformer (PSR). The effects of porosity, pore diameter, inlet velocity, solar irradiation flux, inlet temperature, and foam thermal conductivity on the propane conversion, hydrogen production rate, and pressure drop are studied using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization results show that the reformer with 70% propane conversion provides the lowest pressure drop while maintaining the same hydrogen productivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Iman Bashtani, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The present investigation evaluates the effects of bio-inspired Dolphin's dorsal fin turbulators in a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger. The results show that the streamlined geometry of the turbulator reduces friction loss and improves heat transfer by destroying the boundary layer.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Seyed Mahdi Ekrani, Shayan Ganjehzadeh, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani
Summary: The present study improves the thermal-hydraulic performance of a circular tube equipped with a delta winglet vortex generator by using a numerical model, investigating two additional parameters, and developing a support vector regression (SVR) for prediction and optimization. The presence of delta winglets disrupts the boundary layer and creates swirling flow, leading to enhanced heat transfer but also increased pressure drop. The addition of SiO2 as a nanofluid further enhances heat transfer. The results of this study provide insights into the best arrangement of delta winglets for a tubular heat exchanger.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Golnaz Zarabian Ghaeini, Mohammad Parsa Ghofrani Maab, Sayed Mehrdad Bathaei, Mirae Kim, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: Ammonia is a promising carbon-free fuel and hydrogen carrier. Blending it with hydrogen can address its low flammability issue. However, there is a lack of microscale data on ammonia combustion. This study uses numerical simulations to investigate the stable flame region, NOx emission, and combustion efficiency of ammonia/hydrogen blends in micro-combustors. The findings suggest that a stable flame cannot be achieved at very low or high inlet velocities, and when the hydrogen fraction is below 60% in the fuel. It is recommended to reduce the inlet velocity to improve combustion efficiency when a higher percentage of ammonia is required in the fuel.
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohammad Mahdi Tafarroj, Golnaz Zarabian Ghaeini, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The current study used artificial neural network modeling to analyze the Nusselt number and friction factor of a heat exchanger with twisted tapes, showing that the model performed exceptionally well in terms of time and cost, and accurately predicted heat transfer enhancement based on the specification parameters of the cuts.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yousef Kazemian, Mohammad Javad Sayyari, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani
Summary: In this study, a two-dimensional analysis of natural convection inside a porous cavity at pore-scale is conducted using the lattice Boltzmann method, focusing on the impact of pores geometry. The findings show that the geometry of pores, such as star, circular, and square shapes, significantly influences the flow behavior, with star pores exhibiting the highest Nusselt number on the hot wall.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bibhutibhusan Nayak, S. Narayana Jammalamadaka
Summary: This article presents a method for remote detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) using modified cantilever beam magnetometry (CBM). By combining a magnetostrictive Fe70Ga30 cantilever with optical detection technique, researchers were able to detect high concentrations of BSA remotely. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of this method in estimating the magnetostriction of thin films.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu Hao, R. E. Camley, Z. Celinski
Summary: Magnetic particles have various applications and their magnetic state is determined by their size and the strength of an applied magnetic field. Numerical simulations were performed to study the effect of an applied field on the critical size of single-domain magnetic particles, and the critical field at which a particle becomes single-domain was determined.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nitesh Singh, Naresh Kumar, Dharohar Sahadot, Anil Annadi, Vidyadhar Singh, Murtaza Bohra
Summary: The unique magnetic properties of FM/AFM and hard-FM/soft-FM nanocomposite thin films have significant relevance for numerous applications. The composition and performance of different magnetic phases in the nanocomposite films can be significantly affected by the laser ablation conditions and annealing temperature.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alya Ali Musaed, Samir Salem Al-Bawri, Khaled Aljaloud, Wazie M. Abdulkawi, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mandeep Jit Singh, Zaini Sakawi, Husam Hamid Ibrahim
Summary: This research presents a wideband tunable metamaterial for body-centric applications in the millimeter-wave frequency band. The proposed metamaterial has a wide operating frequency range and enhanced gain, making it suitable for improving the antenna performance in 5G wireless communication systems.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Binod K. Rai, Boris Maiorov, Krzysztof Gofryk, Patrick O'Rourke, Catherine Housley, Henry Ajo, Asraf Sawon, Arjun K. Pathak, Narayan Poudel, Qiang Zhang, Travis J. Williams, Matthias Frontzek
Summary: This manuscript reports on the structural and magnetic properties of NdCuGa3. The study confirmed the crystal structure and magnetic phase transition of NdCuGa3 using XRD, neutron diffraction, magnetization, and specific heat measurements. The neutron diffraction data further confirmed the antiferromagnetic phase of NdCuGa3.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haonan Li, Cong Li, Hailiang Huang, Guodong Hao, Fei Wang
Summary: The electronic structure and ferroelectric-ferromagnetic coupling properties of Y-doped and vacancy-containing GaN-ZnO heterojunctions are systematically investigated. The magnetism in vacancy-containing systems is generated by the spin polarization of unpaired electrons induced by cationic vacancies, while in Y-doped systems, bound magnetic polarons are formed by the orbital hybridization of s-state and d-state electrons of Y-doped elements.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Ijaz, Hafeez Ullah, Bandar Ali Al-Asbahi, Mati Ullah Khan, Zaheer Abbas, Sana Ullah Asif
Summary: M-type BaFe11.4-xAlxCo0.6O19 hexaferrites with Al3+ substitutions were synthesized using the co-precipitation method followed by Sonochemical process. The synthesized materials were characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy, VSM, SEM, and LCR meter. The results showed that aluminum doping decreased the band gap and enhanced the magnetic and dielectric properties of the hexaferrites, making them suitable for various applications.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Oleg I. Utesov
Summary: The elementary excitations spectrum of anisotropic frustrated antiferromagnets in the fan phase is discussed. It is found that the low-energy part of the spectrum consists of a gapless phason branch with linear dispersion and a gapped optical branch corresponding to the fan structure amplitude oscillations. In the high-energy part of the spectrum, the excitations are similar to the magnons of the fully polarized phase.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Ya. Simonovskii, Alexander A. Yanovskii, Arthur R. Zakinyan
Summary: In this study, the departure frequency of vapor bubbles during boiling of ferrofluid in a horizontal magnetic field is experimentally investigated. Two methods, visual and inductive, are used to measure the frequency of bubble departure. The results show that the bubble departure frequency can decrease with increasing magnetic field strength and increase with increasing temperature of the heat-emitting surface. A linear stability analysis is conducted to analyze the influence of the magnetic field on the frequency of bubble formation during ferrofluid boiling.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Oleg Heczko, Michal Rames, Vit Kopecky, Petr Vertat, Michal Varga, Ladislav Straka
Summary: Heusler Ni-Mn-Ga alloys are multiferroic materials that exhibit magnetic shape memory (MSM) phenomena. By doping transition elements into Ni2MnGa alloys, the transformation temperatures can be modified and complex behaviors can be observed, such as the variation in saturation magnetization and the effects of elemental substitution on compound properties.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carlos Ariel Samudio Perez, Ariel Flaig de Marchi
Summary: This study investigates the electronic and magnetic properties of the Full-Heusler Fe2MnAs alloy using first-principles calculations. The alloy may form spontaneously and exhibits a ferromagnetic order and high spin-polarization. It can be transformed into a half-metal by contracting the lattice constant. Additionally, certain defects contribute to the spin-polarization of the alloy, making it a fully half-metallic material.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Satish Geeri, Aditya Kolakoti, Prasadarao Bobbili
Summary: In this study, an electromagnetic wave-absorbing material was fabricated using a polymer composite material with fiber orientation and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as filler materials, along with a Perfect Electric Conducting material. The experiments demonstrated strong electromagnetic absorbing properties for the composites with PEC-coated and non-PEC-coated materials. Mechanical, thermal, and morphological analysis confirmed the similar trend in properties. CRITIC analysis helped identify the sequence order of sustaining properties for the fabricated composites.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yankai Chen, Ruoxue Zhang, Yukai An
Summary: The piezoelectricity, valley character, and magnetic properties of 2H-VS2 monolayer were studied, revealing its potential applications in spintronics and valleytronics due to its bipolar magnetic semiconductor characteristics and superior physical properties.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Leonardo S. Lima
Summary: This study investigates the thermodynamic quantities, such as entropy, specific heat, and magnetic susceptibility, in the next-nearest-neighbors Heisenberg model on a honeycomb-kagome lattice. The linear spin-wave approach is applied to obtain the temperature-dependent behavior of these quantities. Additionally, the entanglement negativity, a quantifier of quantum entanglement, and the spin Hall conductivity are also studied. The results show that all the thermodynamic quantities, as well as the entanglement negativity and spin Hall conductivity, exhibit an increasing trend with temperature. Furthermore, it is found that all the analyzed quantities approach zero in the low-temperature limit, consistent with experimental observations.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoxing Wang, Maximilian Kai Reimann, Wang Chen, Yikun Zhang, Rainer Poettgen
Summary: The Mo2FeB2-type compounds RE2Ga2Mg (RE = Tm, Er, Ho) exhibit a large magnetocaloric effect, making them promising for cryogenic magnetic cooling applications.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2024)
