Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in Necrotic Mature Teeth with Periapical Radiolucencies: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Study

Introduction: This preliminary study compared clinical and radiographic outcomes of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) with that of conventional root canal treatment (CRCT) in necrotic mature teeth with periapical radiolucencies. Methods: Fifty-six mature necrotic teeth with large periapical radiolucencies were distributed into 2 groups: group 1, REPs and group 2, CRCT (n = 28/group). Clinical and radiographic follow-up assessments were undertaken up to 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t test and the chi-square test, and the level of significance was set at P = .05. Results: With a follow-up rate of about 73.4% of the total patients for 12 months, favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes were found in 92.3% and 80% in REPs and CRCT groups, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). Half of the teeth treated with REPs responded to the electric pulp test. Conclusions: Regenerative endodontic procedures have the potential to be used as a treatment option for mature teeth with large periapical radiolucencies.