Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shaogang Zhang, Yilong Huang, Long Shi, Bin Lin, Xianbin Li, Yujian Wu, Jinhui Wang
Summary: The study found that the fly-wing smoke screen effectively prevents smoke exhaust and guides it towards ventilation shafts, improving exhaust efficiency. An optimal included angle of 60 to 120 degrees successfully prevents smoke penetration. The practical application of the fly-wing smoke screen in engineering projects is expected to yield positive results in urban tunnels.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yao Hong, Jianhong Kang, Ceji Fu
Summary: This study investigates the application of a PID ventilation controller in smoke control. By coupling a CFD model and PID algorithm, the automatic control of fire-induced smoke is achieved. The results demonstrate that the method is stable, robust, and has practical value.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Liang Yi, Shihan Lan, Xiaofei Wang, Rongwei Bu, Yang Zhou
Summary: A series of numerical simulations and experiments were conducted to investigate the smoke back-layering in a tilted tunnel with a vertical shaft, concluding different smoke exhaust modes and dimensionless relationships. The study found that the back-layering length is related to the fire source location and tunnel slope, with less dependency on the shaft height.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Wang, Xiaowei Kong, Yongjie Fan, Xuepeng Jiang, Kaihua Lu
Summary: The simulation study on high-altitude tunnel fires under reduced pressure conditions shows that the decrease in ambient pressure affects the distribution of CO concentration and smoke temperature, and longitudinal ventilation and shaft exhaust are crucial for fire protection in tunnels.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haiyong Cong, Mingshu Bi, Yubo Bi, Yanchao Li, Haipeng Jiang, Wei Gao
Summary: The study showed that the mechanical board-coupled shaft (MBCS) achieved better smoke extraction and smoke control performances. As the power of the fire source increases, the smoke extraction performance of the MBCS increases, but the corresponding smoke control will be more difficult. Moreover, optimal operation conditions for the MBCS to achieve the best smoke extraction performance and smoke control performance are different.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhuyu Shao, Haiyong Cong, Mingshu Bi, Yubo Bi, Xuemeng Mu, Bin Zhu, Ziqi Yuan, Xishi Wang
Summary: A total of 42 simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of buried depth and board locations on the smoke extraction performance of board-coupled shaft (BCS). The results demonstrated that BCS has better smoke extraction performance than traditional shaft when the buried depth is large enough (> 10 m). The smoke extraction performance of BCS is influenced by both buried depth and board locations for shaft heights less than 10 m, but mainly by board position for shaft heights larger than 30 m. The BCS can achieve up to 65.5% improvement in smoke extraction performance compared to traditional shaft at a shaft height of 10 m. Additionally, a semi-empirical equation was developed to predict the correlation between non-dimensional volume flow rate and buried depth. These findings provide guidance for expanding the application scenarios of shafts and offer technical support.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Youbo Huang, Xi Liu, Bingyan Dong, Hua Zhong, Bin Wang, Qiwei Dong
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the mainline tunnel slope on smoke movement characteristics and backflow distance in a branched tunnel. The results show that an inclined mainline tunnel can significantly enhance airflow velocity and control smoke movement. The backflow distance is more sensitive to the mainline tunnel slope.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kun He, Long Shi, Shaogang Zhang, Wei Cong, Hui Yang, Xudong Cheng
Summary: A series of reduced-scale tunnel fire tests were conducted to investigate the attenuation of ceiling smoke temperatures in a naturally ventilated tunnel with double fire sources. The results showed that the interaction between the two flames affects the attenuation of excess gas temperatures. The spacing between the fire sources was found to influence the decay rate, and different smoke spread regions exhibited different attenuation trends. Models were proposed to predict the non-dimensional excess ceiling smoke temperature in different regions of the tunnel. The study has great significance for the design and protection of tunnel structures under multiple fire sources.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yuhao Guo, Zhongyuan Yuan, Yanping Yuan, Xiaoling Cao, Peng Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between longitudinal velocity and smoke stratification in tunnel fires using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), aiming to find a proper velocity range that can maintain clear downstream stratification. Results show a good correspondence between the average Froude number downstream and longitudinal velocity and heat release rate, and Fr = 0.49 can be used to distinguish clear stratification. Discussions on the critical velocity and stratification velocity are also included.
Article
Thermodynamics
Tao Du, Ping Li, Haibin Wei, Dong Yang
Summary: This study investigates the factors affecting the smoke backlayering length in inclined tunnel fires under natural ventilation through simple analysis, numerical simulations, and verified experiments. The results indicate that the tunnel inclination angle and the fire source location have a significant impact on the backlayering length, while the heat release rate of the fire has a negligible effect. A model is proposed to estimate the backlayering length, which is useful for emergency rescue in inclined tunnel fires.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zihao Wang, Jiaqiang Han, Jun Wang, Pengqiang Geng, Miaocheng Weng, Fang Liu
Summary: Based on 44 numerical simulation tests in a 1:10 scale model tunnel, the study found that the closed portal led to smoke accumulation and increased temperature in the tunnel, while blockages from metro trains disrupted the stability of the smoke layer. The study also revealed that as the width-blockage ratio beta(1) decreased, both vertical and downstream temperatures decreased, whereas a decrease in height-blockage ratio beta(2) resulted in decreased vertical temperature but increased downstream temperature.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiyong Cong, Mingshu Bi, Jingjie Ren, Bei Li, Yubo Bi, Wei Gao
Summary: In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the effectiveness and stable heat extraction performance of a board-coupled shaft (BCS) in deep buried tunnels. The results showed that the BCS was effective and had stable heat extraction performance. This study provided empirical correlations and an analytical solution for predicting temperature difference and heat extraction rate in the BCS under different conditions. It contributes positively to the application of natural ventilation with vertical shafts in deep buried tunnels.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xinling Lu, Miaocheng Weng, Fang Liu, Fei Wang, Jiaqiang Han, Sherman Chipok Cheung
Summary: This study investigated fire situations in a small-scale bifurcated tunnel through experiments and numerical simulations. The results showed that the temperature distribution in the bifurcated tunnel was influenced by the bifurcation angle, with little effect on the longitudinal temperature distribution in the branch tunnel when the bifurcation angle exceeded 90 degrees.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lu He, Zhisheng Xu, Frank Markert, Jiaming Zhao, En Xie, Qiulin Liu, Haowen Tao, Sakepa Tagne Sylvain Marcial, Zhenhua Wang, Chuangang Fan
Summary: The smoke layer thickness in tunnel fires is influenced by the dimensions of the tunnel, Heat Release Rate (HRR), and a prediction model has been proposed to accurately predict the thickness. Results show that as tunnel length increases, smoke layer thickness increases, while with increased width, the thickness decreases. Additionally, HRR is a significant factor affecting smoke layer thickness.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shengzhong Zhao, Lin Xu, Imad Obadi, Fei Wang, Fang Liu, Miaocheng Weng
Summary: The ventilation performance and plug-holing phenomenon of vertical shaft in tunnel fires were analyzed through numerical simulations, revealing that shaft length and height have significant impacts on ventilation efficiency and plug-holing height, with plug-holing height being more sensitive to shaft length but less sensitive to shaft height. In car fire scenarios, the occurrence of complete plug-holing can be determined by checking if the dimensionless plug-holing height meets a specific critical value.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kun He, Xudong Cheng, Yongzheng Yao, Long Shi, Hui Yang, Wei Cong
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shengzhong Zhao, Ying Zhen Li, Mia Kumm, Haukur Ingason, Fang Liu
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yongzheng Yao, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Xudong Cheng
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason
Summary: The series of tests conducted in a 1:4 scale tunnel provides insights on the influence of different parameters on design fires, with fuel load covers, activation time, and ventilation velocity identified as significant factors. The findings offer suggestions for designing fires in tunnels with water-based fire suppression systems.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yongzheng Yao, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Xudong Cheng, Heping Zhang
Summary: The research found that the mass loss rate per unit area of large-scale pool fires did not increase significantly compared to small-scale fires under the influence of wind. The variation range of the heptane pool fire burning rate within a certain scale was between 20% and 30%.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qinghua Guo, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Zhiguo Yan, Hehua Zhu
Summary: The paper presents a theoretical study on the ceiling jets induced by small fires in tunnels, analyzing the thickness, temperature rise, and velocity of the jets. The study focuses on radial and one-dimensional ceiling jets, with new analytical solutions achieved in the critical flow region. Air entrainment, friction, and heat transfer are found to have significant impacts on the ceiling jet, with validation showing the theory provides accurate predictions for the properties of the ceiling jet.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qinghua Guo, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Zhiguo Yan, Hehua Zhu
Summary: The study focuses on the mass flow rate of buoyancy-driven gases exhausted from the shaft in naturally ventilated urban road tunnel fires, with theoretical analyses and numerical simulations conducted to develop predictive models. Results show that shaft height has limited contribution to smoke exhaust, while larger shaft cross-sectional areas are more effective. Additionally, air entrainment into the shaft increases with shaft height and cross-sectional area. Comparisons between simple calculations and simulations show that simple models perform well, and different smoke modes in the shaft correspond to different total mass flow rates. The outcomes could provide guidance for the design of vertical shafts and smoke control in naturally ventilated tunnels in urban areas.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chenguang Zhao, Binbin He, Yi Wang, Bing Wu
Summary: The study diagnoses the working status of gas extraction pipelines using the pressure gradient method, revealing the trends in pressure curve changes during abnormalities. It explores the characteristics of pipeline leakage and blockage, as well as the impact of vacuum pump position on network negative pressure.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongqiang Liu, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Fang Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the critical velocity for smoke control in subway platform fires and identified key factors affecting smoke propagation through stairways. Correlations for critical velocities were established for two typical types of stairways to provide useful reference for smoke control in subways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kun He, Xudong Cheng, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Zhicheng Shi, Hui Yang, Heping Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the diffusion flame characteristics of double fires generated from separated burners in a naturally ventilated tunnel, considering different heat release rates and fire separation distances. The results showed changes in flame tilt angle, horizontal projected flame length, and vertical flame length with increasing fire separation distance. Critical flame merging separation distance was found to be greater than that of two fires in an open environment due to fire-induced air flows.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qinghua Guo, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Zhiguo Yan, Hehua Zhu
Summary: This study investigates the behaviors of spilled liquid from a continuously leaked tank in sloped tunnels. Numerical simulations are conducted to study the spillage width and area under different tunnel slopes and leakage flow rates, considering their impact on the potential heat release rates in case of fire. Empirical models are established to predict the spillage width and area, taking into account the tunnel slope and leakage flow rate. The results provide guidance for tunnel safety design and drainage system design affiliated with a tank leakage inside a tunnel.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Haukur Ingason, Ying Zhen Li, Magnus Arvidson, Lei Jiang
Summary: A series of intermediate scale tunnel fire tests were conducted to investigate the performance of an automatic sprinkler system in a road tunnel. The results showed that water density played a key role in the sprinkler system's performance, and high tunnel ventilation velocity, low water density, and low sprinkler activation temperature were not recommended.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bing Wu, Yu Meng, Binbin He, Chenguang Zhao, Baiwei Lei
Summary: This paper investigates the attenuation law of explosion shock waves and the propagation law of harmful gas in underground mine gas explosions. The accuracy of related formulas is verified through experimental data and simulation results. The research findings are significant for reducing losses in rescue operations and formulating mine emergency rescue plans.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kun He, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Xudong Cheng
Summary: The characteristics of fire spread among multiple vehicles in tunnels using longitudinal ventilation were investigated. A simple theoretical model for gas temperature in a tunnel with multiple fire sources was proposed and validated against both model and full-scale tunnel fire tests. The results showed that the critical fire spread distance monotonously increases with the heat release rate, and decreases with the tunnel perimeter. Moreover, the separation distance between the first two fire sources affects the critical fire spread distance from the second fire source to the third fire source and the total fire spread distance from the first fire source to the third one.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qinghua Guo, Ying Zhen Li, Haukur Ingason, Zhiguo Yan, Hehua Zhu
Summary: This paper focuses on the flow structures and mass flow rates of smoke flows induced by fires in long transportation tunnels under natural ventilation. The study considers important factors such as heat release rate, tunnel width, and height. The mechanism of the smoke flow movement is explored, and it is found that a critical point exists dependent on the HRR and tunnel geometry. The results show that the critical point moves away from the fire source in wider or higher tunnels and is closer to the fire source for a higher HRR. A correlation is proposed to estimate the location of the critical point. The mass flow rates along the tunnel are calculated using different flow models, which produce satisfactory predictions if the vertical temperature profile is known.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yunxia Ma, Fei Liu, Honggang Pan, Hongjian Zhang, Shuxia Yan, Ailing Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamically tunable and switchable perfect infrared absorber that exhibits excellent electrical regulation performance and high absorptance. The absorption mechanism is explained using a multiple interference model, and it is proven to be polarization insensitive.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
F. J. dos Santos, G. S. M. Martins, M. Strobel, L. Beckedorff, K. V. de Paiva, J. L. G. Oliveira
Summary: This study investigates the effects of inlet conditions and plate's features on the thermal-flow performance of a gasket plate heat exchanger (GPHE) and assesses the impact of a modified tightening distance on its performance. No systematic study on the combined effects of inlet conditions and assembly accuracy on GPHE performance has been conducted before.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alok K. Ray, Dibakar Rakshit, K. Ravi Kumar, Hal Gurgenci
Summary: The low thermal conductivity of phase change materials limits the heat transfer rate and application of latent heat storage systems. This numerical study examines the impact of two passive heat transfer enhancement techniques on the thermal performance of a latent heat storage system. The results show that the orientation and position of the heat transfer fluid tube have significant effects on the charging duration, while the discharging duration remains unchanged. The combined effect of orientation and eccentricity reduces the charging duration, but increases the discharging duration compared to the concentric domain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yalu Han, Yanlong Wang, Chenyang Liu, Xinmin Hu, Yin An, Zhengcai Li, Jiaxun Jiang, Lizhi Du
Summary: This paper investigates the calculation method of thermal conductivity in NAPLs-contaminated soils. By establishing NAPLs-contaminated soil models and using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for calculation, an optimized three-dimensional model with high computational accuracy and efficiency is obtained. The study also finds that saturation and Nz parameters have a significant impact on calculation time, while the thermal conductivity of the two-dimensional model is more sensitive to anisotropy. The influence of porosity and NAPLs content on thermal conductivity should be considered during in-situ thermal desorption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Taha, Song Zhao, Aymeric Lamorlette, Jean-Louis Consalvi, Pierre Boivin
Summary: For the first time, large-eddy simulations (LES) of the near-field region of large-scale fire plumes were performed using a pressure-based Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with low-Mach number approximation. The simulations showed quantitative agreement with experimental data and were consistent with previously-published numerical studies. The study demonstrated the computational efficiency of the proposed LBM solver in tackling fire-induced flows, suggesting LBMs as a good alternative candidate for modeling fire-related problems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weixin Zhang, Yehang Xie, Yuqiang Ding, Zhao Liu, Zhenping Feng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of upstream slot leakage on the endwall film cooling characteristics of turbine blades. Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) technology was used to measure the film cooling characteristics, and numerical analysis was conducted to evaluate the aerodynamic performance. It was found that increasing the mass flow ratio of the upstream slot enhanced film cooling, decreased aerodynamic losses, and reduced the strength of passage vortex. However, reducing the distance between the slot and the blade leading edge only enhanced film cooling without affecting the leakage coverage area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rui Zhang, Zhen-lei Li, Yan-sheng Zhang, Dong Chen, Guo Yuan
Summary: This study discusses the heat transfer behavior of different jet forms on steel tubes. The results show that the annular jet performs better in terms of cooling intensity and uniformity. The cooling performances of the two jet forms are similar when the steel tube size is small. Therefore, the planar jet can be considered for smaller diameters due to its simplicity, low cost, and convenience in application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. R. Khoei, A. M. Orvati Movaffagh, A. Rezaei Sameti
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive study on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of oxide-coated aluminum nano-powder. It is found that the thermal conductivity of oxide-coated aluminum nano-powder is significantly lower than that of the bulk aluminum, and it is affected by the density and temperature.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanjin Wang, Jintao Xiong, Lingyu Chen, Zhihai Lv, Qian Wang
Summary: A solar radiation transfer model for spray cooling double skin facade (SC-DSF) is proposed in this study. The model is validated by experimental results and various influence factors are analyzed. The effectiveness of adjusting droplet coverage rate and size is also evaluated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bostjan Zajec, Blaz Mikuz, Anil Kumar Basavaraj, Marko Matkovic, Matej Tekavcic, Martin Draksler, Leon Cizelj, Bostjan Koncar
Summary: We have developed an advanced experimental setup to investigate flow and heat transfer in an annular channel. The setup allows heat transfer measurements and flow visualization using a temperature-controlled inner tube. Measurements can be conducted in both single-phase and two-phase flow regimes. The setup ensures a uniform velocity field in the annular channel using specially designed inlet and outlet headers. The inner copper tube is heated by water and contains turbulators for enhanced heat transfer and thermocouples for temperature measurement. A three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer CFD model has been developed and validated to accurately estimate heat losses in the setup. This study demonstrates the importance of numerical simulations in improving the interpretation of complex experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weijie Chen, Ke Wang, Yongqing Wang, Shantung Tu, Zunchao Liu, Huijuan Su
Summary: In this study, a novel gradient porosity transpiration cooling plate structure (GP-TCPS) is proposed to alleviate heat transfer deterioration caused by non-uniform temperature distribution in transpiration cooling plate structure (TCPS). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface method (RSM) were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flow and heat transfer of GP-TCPS. The optimized structure of GP-TCPS significantly improves temperature uniformity, injection pressure, and average cooling efficiency compared to traditional TCPS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
R. Essam, A. Elsaid, W. K. Zahra
Summary: This study presents a novel bioheat model for simulating heat transfer in skin tissue. The model offers an improved representation of thermal dynamics in the skin and has been validated using numerical solutions and experimental measurements. The study highlights the importance of incorporating vascular inlet parameters and thermal relaxation effects in the thermal profile, and suggests potential applications in thermal therapy and wound healing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dongbo Shi, Tao Xu, Zifeng Chen, Di Zhang, Yonghui Xie
Summary: The cooling structure design of turbine blades is crucial for the safety and reliability of the gas turbine set. This research investigates different arrangement schemes, including dimple/protrusion arrangements, to enhance the cooling performance. The results show that the arrangement scheme with both passes arranged by dimples has the best comprehensive thermal performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Emrehan Guersoy, Hayati Kadir Pazarlioglu, Mehmet Guerdal, Engin Gedik, Kamil Arslan
Summary: The thermo-hydraulic performance of Al2O3/H2O nanofluid with different nanoparticle shapes flowing in a sudden expansion tube with variable sudden expansion inclination angles and elliptical dimpled fins with different diameters were numerically investigated. The results showed that the nanoparticle shapes, sudden expansion inclination angles, and elliptical dimpled fin have significant impact on the thermo-hydraulic performance. This study reveals the novelty and importance of these factors in the research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rukun Hu, Xinyu Huang, Xinyu Gao, Liu Lu, Xiaohu Yang, Bengt Sund
Summary: This study examines the impact of applying bottom cross-cut on PCM's spatial distribution in a horizontal LHTES unit using numerical simulation. The findings show that bottom cross-cut can improve the heat storage rate and natural convection heat transfer gain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)