Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Qiuye Sun, Bingyu Wang, Xiaomeng Feng, Shiyan Hu
Summary: With the integration of cyber and power systems, this paper analyzes the impact of DoS attacks on microgrids and proposes an adaptive secondary control technique to improve the stability of microgrids.
SCIENCE CHINA-INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Weitao Yao, Yu Wang, Yan Xu, Chao Deng
Summary: This article investigates the stability issue of microgrid systems with distributed secondary control under latency attacks and random denial-of-service attacks. It proposes a cyber-resilient control strategy with two control modes to sustain the stability and control functions of the systems under different attack scenarios. Experimental tests on a modified IEEE 13-bus microgrid system verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Bei Chen, Yugang Niu
Summary: This article investigates the sliding mode control of Markovian jumping systems under network attacks, establishing a unified control framework under different DoS attack statuses and designing a corresponding control strategy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Guoliang Wang, Yunshuai Ren, Chao Huang
Summary: This article addresses the stabilization problem of continuous-time Markovian jump systems (MJSs) by developing a novel system with an exponential matrix characterizing the sampling effects. Sufficient stabilization conditions fully considering the sampling rate are presented, with applications to networked control in the presence of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks characterized. Special situations regarding particular transition rate matrix, sampling logic, and improved mode-dependent controller are also considered. The analysis results are significant and provide an important method for studying the control of MJSs with sampled switching and state signals. A numerical example is offered to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the methods proposed in this study.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yunning Zhang, Le Wei, Wenlong Fu, Xi Chen, Songlin Hu
Summary: This paper focuses on defending against denial of service (DoS) attacks in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MTDC) systems during secondary frequency control. By adopting a Bernoulli process model and considering the control objective against DoS attacks, a switching scheme from droop control to secondary frequency regulation is proposed to provide frequency support for MTDC systems.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Xiao-Hui Liu, Jiuxiang Dong, Guang-Hong Yang
Summary: In this article, the optimal denial-of-service (DoS) attack scheduling problem for multichannel cyber-physical systems (CPSs) is investigated from the attackers' perspective. A conclusion is proven that the mathematical expectation of attack number is a constant under different attack strategies when the attacker uses up all his energy to attack the system with a given number of channels. A novel index for evaluating the effectiveness of attack strategies is proposed, and a scheduling strategy for optimal DoS attacks during multichannel communication is given based on this index. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is analyzed numerically.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chao Deng, Fanghong Guo, Changyun Wen, Dong Yue, Yu Wang
Summary: This article proposes a cooperative resilient control method for dc microgrid to mitigate the adverse effects of communication delays and DoS attacks. By introducing a new time-varying sampling period and an improved communication mechanism, a resilient secondary controller is designed. The developed method is theoretically shown to achieve bus voltage restoration and current sharing even in the presence of communication delays and DoS attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Wenmin He, Shi Li, Choon Ki Ahn, Jian Guo, Zhengrong Xiang
Summary: This article investigates the security control problem of stochastic interconnected CPSs under two-channel denial-of-service attacks. The state observer and controller are designed, stable and unstable dynamics are distinguished, and the relationship between the sampling period and attack characteristics is derived to ensure system stability.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Hongjiu Yang, Shuang Ju, Yuanqing Xia, Jinhui Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates a predictive cloud control scheme for a networked multiagent system (NMAS) with quantized signals under denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The proposed scheme compensates for network-induced delays and attack-induced packet dropouts actively through cloud computing and predictive control. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and computing superiority of the scheme.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chunyu Wu, Xudong Zhao, Bohui Wang, Wei Xing, Le Liu, Xinwei Wang
Summary: This article studies the problem of model-based dynamic event-triggered control (ETC) in cyber-physical systems (CPSs) with dynamic quantization effects and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. By combining model-based CPSs and dynamic ETC scheme, the number of transmissions is significantly reduced to save network resources. New conditions for the L-2-gain performance of CPSs are derived using an average dwell-time automaton and a time-ratio monitor. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Bei Chen, Tinggang Jia, Yugang Niu
Summary: This paper focuses on the stabilization problem of a class of Markovian jumping systems subject to intermittent denial-of-service attacks. By synthesizing sliding mode control and transition rate matrix, the conditions for transition rates are established to ensure the stability of the systems. A co-design scheme for both the sliding mode controller and transition rate matrix is proposed, with the utilization of a switching estimator to estimate the unmeasurable system state. The reachability and stability of sliding mode dynamics are analyzed using a novel Lyapunov function, and an iterative optimization algorithm is provided for solving the corresponding sufficient conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jing Zhou, Jun Shang, Yuzhe Li, Tongwen Chen
Summary: This study investigates DoS attacks against LQR control channels, analyzing two common compensation strategies and providing optimal conditions for blocking from the initial instant, as well as a method to obtain the optimal starting time. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ali Kazemy, Majid Hajatipour
Summary: This paper discusses the design of load frequency control (LFC) for Markovian jump interconnected multi-area power systems. It considers the possibility of cyber-attacks and limited network resources, proposing a combination control method and validating its effectiveness through numerical simulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Furqan Rustam, Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq, Ameer Hamza, Muhammad Shoaib Farooq, Anca Delia Jurcut, Imran Ashraf
Summary: This research proposes a machine learning-based framework to detect distributed DOS (DDoS)/DoS attacks. A multi-feature approach combining principal component analysis (PCA) features and singular value decomposition (SVD) features is used to achieve higher performance.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Ruirui Liu, Fei Hao, Hao Yu
Summary: This article discusses the energy-limited denial-of-service attack scheduling problem in remote state estimation under signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio-based channels. It presents a mathematical model and algorithm to address the optimization problem, and demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the method through simulation results.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoning Shen, Jianxing Liu, Abraham Marquez, Yunfei Yin, Jose Leon, Sergio Vazquez, Ligang Wu, Leopoldo G. Franquelo
Summary: In this article, a two-stage control scheme consisting of an adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode (SOSM) controller and a switched high-gain observer (HGO) is proposed for the three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter. The proposed approach provides faster dynamic response and better steady-state response for the NPC converter compared to the fixed-gain SOSM. By combining the switched HGO with the adaptive-gain SOSM controller, the adverse effects of measurement noise in the power system are greatly reduced. The experiments validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wensheng Luo, Sergio Vazquez, Jianxing Liu, Francisco Gordillo, Leopoldo G. Franquelo, Ligang Wu
Summary: This article proposes a sliding-mode-observer (SMO)-based control strategy to regulate the dc-link voltage for a three-phase two-level active front end (AFE). The effectiveness and advantage of the proposed control strategy has been verified through theoretical analysis, simulations, and real-application experiments. The results show that the proposed control strategy provides obvious improvement of the dc-link voltage control performance and demonstrates stronger robustness against operating point variations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jianxing Liu, Xiaoning Shen, Abraham Marquez, Yunfei Yin, Jose Leon, Sergio Vazquez, Ligang Wu, Leopoldo G. Franquelo
Summary: In this article, a controller based on a nonlinear high-gain observer and second-order sliding mode control strategy is proposed for a three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped converter. The controller utilizes the advanced sliding mode control algorithm to provide fast dynamic response and good steady-state behavior. Furthermore, a nonlinear high-gain observer technique is combined with the sliding mode control algorithm to minimize the adverse effects of measurement noise.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Lingling Li, Rongni Yang, Zhiguang Feng, Ligang Wu
Summary: This work addresses the problem of event-triggered mechanism and dissipative controller design for discrete-time two-dimensional switched FM systems. By introducing definitions and constructing ETM, the dissipativity analysis and control problems are solved.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhijian Hu, Shichao Liu, Wensheng Luo, Ligang Wu
Summary: This article investigates a novel distributed fuzzy load frequency control (LFC) approach for multiarea power systems under cross-layer attacks. By using Lyapunov theory, sufficient conditions guaranteeing the system's asymptotically stability are proposed, and the method is verified in simulations to enhance resiliency against random cross-layer DoS attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhenyi Yuan, Yongyang Xiong, Guanghui Sun, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu
Summary: This article investigates the consensus problem in multiagent systems with limited energy supplies and limited communication bandwidth. It proposes a novel approach based on event-triggered communication and state quantization, and introduces a multiple discontinuous sliding-mode surface to compensate for mismatched disturbances. The results show that consensus can be achieved asymptotically for all agents without any Zeno behavior. The work is further extended to self-triggered and periodic event-triggered cases, providing explicit triggering conditions and upper bounds for sampling periods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ruiping Wang, Xiao Song, Zhijian Hu, Yong Cui
Summary: Pedestrian trajectory prediction is an important research area that plays a crucial role in blind navigation, autonomous driving systems, and service robots. This field faces two challenges: modeling spatio-temporal interactions among pedestrians and dealing with the uncertainty of pedestrian trajectories. To address these challenges, we propose a graph convolution network that is aware of spatio-temporal interactions and trajectory distribution. Our model integrates a graph convolutional network and self-attention mechanism to model spatio-temporal interactions, and learns latent trajectory distribution information from measured trajectories at observed and future times. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in predicting socially acceptable future trajectories.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jikai Sun, Mingrui Chen, Linghe Kong, Zhijian Hu, Veerapandiyan Veerasamy
Summary: In this paper, a secondary frequency control strategy called load frequency control (LFC) is proposed for power systems with wind turbine participation. The proposed controller uses a backpropagation (BP)-trained neural network-based PI control approach to optimize the conventional PI controller for better adaptiveness. The simulation results show that the proposed IPSO-BP-PI controller outperforms the conventional PI controller in terms of regulation time, stable error, frequency adjustment rate, control accuracy, and robustness, indicating better integration of wind energy into traditional power systems.
Letter
Automation & Control Systems
Zhijian Hu, Rong Su, Kai Zhang, Zeyuan Xu, Renjie Ma
IEEE-CAA JOURNAL OF AUTOMATICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zeyuan Xu, Shaolong Shi, Meng Joo Er, Zhijian Hu
Summary: This study proposes a novel method for interval type-2 fuzzy Markov jump systems (IT2FMJSs) to describe complex nonlinear systems with uncertainties and stochastic system mode switching. Unlike previous studies, this method considers partially unknown transition probabilities between system modes switching and uncertain packet dropouts of data transmission. By constructing a new Lyapunov function that depends on both system mode and fuzzy basis function, stochastic stability is analyzed and conservatism of existing approaches is reduced. The existence of a mode-dependent and fuzzy-basis-dependent state feedback controller is revealed, and the stochastic stability of the closed-loop system with a desired H-8 performance is established, addressing the problem of incomplete transition probabilities and uncertain packet dropouts. An illustrative example of a robot arm validates the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed control strategy, which completely alleviates the effects of incomplete transition probabilities and uncertain packet dropouts on IT2FMJSs.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoqin Jin, Xiaoyu Zhang, Shoupeng Li, Zhijian Hu, Shuaiyong Zheng, Ruoshun Ma
Summary: The proposed sliding composite delta metric with a threshold obtained by maximum likelihood estimation shows superior performance in spoofing detection with only eight correlators. The interval between the correlators can be adjusted to facilitate the detection of spoofing signals with varying delays.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zeyuan Xu, Danwei Wang, Guoxing Yi, Zhijian Hu
Summary: This article investigates an asynchronous tracking control approach for amplitude signals in vibratory gyroscopes. Markov stochastic systems are adopted to approximate vibratory gyroscopes to eliminate the stochastic signal caused by manufacturing errors. A novel doubly fed tracking controller with stochastic stability performance is proposed to reduce the amplitude jitter. By constructing a hidden Markov model, the tracking error system is proved to be stochastically stable. Comparative results show that the control precision of amplitude signals is significantly improved, demonstrating the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed control approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Zhijian Hu, Rong Su, Yujia Wang, Zeyuan Xu, Bohui Wang, Yun Lu
Summary: In this paper, a distributed interval type-2 fuzzy filter is proposed for wireless sensor networks with intermittent measurements. IT2 fuzzy models are used to describe nonlinear systems with parameter uncertainties, and dual random data packet dropouts are considered. Bernoulli variables are employed to depict the random data packet dropouts, and less conservative sufficient conditions are derived to seek for distributed filter gains to guarantee the robustness of the filtering error system. The simulation results on Henon mapping systems with parameter uncertainties validate the robustness of the distributed fuzzy filter for WSNs with intermittent measurements.
2023 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, ACC
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Renjie Ma, Zhijian Hu, Hongyan Yang, Yuchen Jiang, Mingyi Huo, Hao Luo, Rongni Yang
Summary: With the advancement of computational and communication resources, industrial electronics systems can now utilize networked structures to enable wireless remote control. However, due to the open nature of their cyberrealms, adversaries can eavesdrop on sensitive information and conduct insidious false data injection (FDI) attacks. In this article, different FDI attack monitoring architectures are introduced and their applicability and limitations are discussed. The significance of FDI attack monitoring in deploying secure defense control is also discussed, including the relationship between safety and security, methodologies for FDI attack-resilient control, and integration with information security and machine learning techniques. This review aims to provide insights for advancing the safety and reliability of cyberphysical systems (CPSs) through the retrospective analysis of representative results on FDI attack monitoring and control.
IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhijian Hu, Rong Su, Keck-Voon Ling, Yao Guo, Renjie Ma
Summary: This paper investigates the applicability of integrating wind turbines into load frequency control (LFC) under an economic MPC framework. In the context of potential false data injection (FDI) attacks on vulnerable communication networks among different control areas, an intrusion detection unit is proposed to enhance resilience. Unlike existing works, this paper meticulously explores the relationships between alarming thresholds and key performance indicators (KPIs) to provide valuable references for power operators and managers. Additionally, an intensified event-triggered scheme is proposed to alleviate the computation burden of the MPC algorithm, considering incomplete and inaccurate modeling issues. Simulations validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the resilient event-triggered MPC strategy for frequency regulation under FDI attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)