Article
Environmental Sciences
Duseong S. Jo, Alma Hodzic, Louisa K. Emmons, Simone Tilmes, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Michael J. Mills, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Weiwei Hu, Rahul A. Zaveri, Richard C. Easter, Balwinder Singh, Zheng Lu, Christiane Schulz, Johannes Schneider, John E. Shilling, Armin Wisthaler, Jose L. Jimenez
Summary: Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a significant contributor to fine particulate matter in the atmosphere, with volatility-based SOA parameterizations showing reasonable performance but potential errors when applied to future climatic conditions. Explicit mechanism predictions suggest variability in isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX SOA) concentrations across different scenarios, highlighting the importance of capturing key physicochemical drivers for accurate SOA concentration predictions in climate studies.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Brimblecombe
Summary: Over the past quarter century, Hong Kong's secondary inorganic aerosol has changed, with primary air pollutants decreasing while secondary pollutants show an overall decline. An increase in the NO3-:SO42- ratio is attributed to automotive sources. Insufficient NH3 to neutralize acid from aerosols leaves free acid in the atmosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu-Kai Tong, Anpei Ye
Summary: In this study, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in individual contactless microdroplets was investigated using a laser tweezer/Raman spectroscopy system. The results show that increasing acidity enhances the miscibility between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases and decreases the separation relative humidity of aerosols. Additionally, the inorganic components have different impacts on the aerosol phase state, depending on their different salting-out capabilities. This has possible implications for the morphology of atmospheric particles dominated by internal mixtures of inorganic and organic components.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Min Yao, Yue Zhao, Chongxuan Chang, Shunyao Wang, Ziyue Li, Chenxi Li, Arthur W. H. Chan, Huayun Xiao
Summary: This study investigates the reactions between SO2 and POs in monoterpene-derived secondary organic aerosol. The results show that the reactivity of PO-S(IV) is consistent with pure SOA when the particles are phase-separated, but varies substantially when the organic and inorganic phases are miscible. The measured kinetics suggest that the PO-S(IV) reaction is an important sulfate formation pathway in aerosols, with the reaction kinetics dominated by general acid catalysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
T. Zhang, Z. X. Shen, H. Su, S. X. Liu, J. M. Zhou, Z. Z. Zhao, Q. Y. Wang, A. S. H. Prevot, J. J. Cao
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of SIA formation during a winter extreme pollution event in Xi'an. Sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium were identified as the major components, with gas-liquid reactions playing a crucial role in sulfate and nitrate formation, while the gas-particle partitioning ratio of ammonium remained relatively stable.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Susan E. Strahan, Dan Smale, Susan Solomon, Ghassan Taha, Megan R. Damon, Stephen D. Steenrod, Nicholas Jones, Ben Liley, Richard Querel, John Robinson
Summary: Australian wildfires injected record-breaking amounts of smoke into the stratosphere, resulting in the re-distribution of inorganic chlorine (Cl-y) and odd nitrogen (NOy) and a decrease in stratospheric ozone levels. The perturbations began and ended near the equinoxes, increased poleward, and peaked at the winter solstice. Transport dynamics played a significant role in the observed ozone decrease, with no significant transport earlier. Simulations indicated that the composition and chemistry of wildfire smoke and sulfate aerosols are different, undermining the ability to predict ozone changes in a changing climate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pan Li, Hongwei Pang, Yiqun Wang, Huifan Deng, Jiangping Liu, Gwendal Loisel, Biao Jin, Xue Li, Davide Vione, Sasho Gligorovski
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ionic strength, pH, and temperature on the reaction between methoxyphenols and NO2, which is important for the formation of secondary organic aerosols. The results show that the presence of nitrate and sulfate ions in aqueous aerosols greatly affects the reaction and composition of methoxyphenols. This suggests that inorganic ions play a crucial role in heterogeneous oxidation processes in aqueous aerosol particles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philippe Parent, Carine Laffon, Victor Trillaud, Olivier Grauby, Daniel Ferry, Alix Limoges, Tathy Missamou, Jacques Piazzola
Summary: This study investigates the mixing of aerosols in the coastal marine atmosphere and evaluates the impact of background pollution on atmospheric aerosols. The analysis of particulate matter sampled from two French coastal areas reveals a dominant contribution of anthropogenic aerosols, including submicronic carbon soot and sulfate particles, even during pure maritime-air mass episodes. The study also finds evidence of non-mixing between sea-spray, mainly composed of coarse aerosol particles, and smaller-sized anthropogenic particulate matter.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qi Ying, Jie Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Jianlin Hu, Michael J. Kleeman
Summary: The modified CMAQ model was used to study the evolution of atmospheric age distributions of primary and secondary aerosols in China during severe winter pollution episodes. The results showed that increases in aerosol concentrations were associated with increases in atmospheric age, with sulfate exhibiting a broad spatial distribution of aged particles and nitrate and ammonium ions having lower concentrations and limited spatial distributions. The model's potential applications include evaluating meteorological impacts on air quality and developing emission control strategies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Itahashi, N. K. Kim, Y. P. Kim, M. Song, C. H. Kim, K. S. Jang, K. Y. Lee, H. J. Shin, J. Y. Ahn, J. S. Jung, Z. Wu, J. Y. Lee, Y. Sadanaga, S. Kato, N. Tang, A. Matsuki
Summary: The air quality of Northeast Asia cannot be improved solely by individual national efforts due to the proximity of countries. The Fine Particle Research Initiative in East Asia considering National Differences (FRIEND) Project was launched in 2020 to foster understanding of this problem. During the first FRIEND campaign, gaseous and aerosol components were monitored at key sites in Northeast Asia, revealing distinctive PM1.0 differences between the upwind and downwind regions. Regional numerical modeling helped identify the factors governing the transformation process of PM1.0 and determine its distinctive features.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fei Xie, Yue Su, Tian Yongli, Shi Yanju, Zhou Xingjun, Peng Wang, Yu Ruihong, Wei Wang, Jiang He, Xin Jinyuan, Lu Changwei
Summary: Based on high-resolution field observations, this study reveals the crucial roles of aerosol liquid water (ALW) in secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) formation during haze aggravation. It shows that at ALWC < 75 μg/m³, sulfate is mainly generated through high ammonia utilization and nitrogen oxide oxidation, while at ALWC > 75 μg/m³, sulfate is primarily formed through the aqueous-phase chemistry reaction of SO2 and NH3 in ALW. These findings highlight the importance of considering gaseous precursors and aerosol chemical constitution in haze control efforts.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin A. Nault, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Douglas A. Day, Duseong S. Jo, Jason C. Schroder, Hannah M. Allen, Roya Bahreini, Huisheng Bian, Donald R. Blake, Mian Chin, Simon L. Clegg, Peter R. Colarco, John D. Crounse, Michael J. Cubison, Peter F. DeCarlo, Jack E. Dibb, Glenn S. Diskin, Alma Hodzic, Weiwei Hu, Joseph M. Katich, Michelle J. Kim, John K. Kodros, Agnieszka Kupc, Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker, Eloise A. Marais, Ann M. Middlebrook, J. Andrew Neuman, John B. Nowak, Brett B. Palm, Fabien Paulot, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Gregory P. Schill, Eric Scheuer, Joel A. Thornton, Kostas Tsigaridis, Paul O. Wennberg, Christina J. Williamson, Jose L. Jimenez
Summary: Observations show that the acidity of inorganic aerosols in remote areas is often higher than predicted by chemical transport models, leading to a potential underestimation of direct radiative cooling effects. Aerosol pH and ammonium balance increase with remoteness, and these differences between observations and predictions may result in underestimating direct radiative cooling effects for sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium aerosols.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Young-Chul Song, Joseph Lilek, Jae Bong Lee, Man Nin Chan, Zhijun Wu, Andreas Zuend, Mijung Song
Summary: This study investigated the viscosity of mixed organic-inorganic aerosol particles at various relative humidities. Results showed that particle viscosity increased as humidity decreased, transitioning from liquid to semi-solid or even solid states. Experimental measurements and model predictions demonstrated good agreement, supporting the existence of different phase states in tropospheric aerosols.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuta Tanaka, Shoji Ishizaka
Summary: The dual-beam laser trapping technique can accurately measure the water activities of aerosol droplets with different chemical compositions. To address the technical challenge of loading droplets of different compositions, researchers created a chamber with an overhanging roof, allowing for successful trapping and fusion of two different droplets. This experimental approach is advantageous as it forms mixed inorganic/organic droplets under constant relative humidity conditions.
ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alison M. Fankhauser, Ziying Lei, Kimberly R. Daley, Yao Xiao, Zhenfa Zhang, Avram Gold, Bruce S. Ault, Jason D. Surratt, Andrew P. Ault
Summary: Organosulfates formed from organic-derived oxidation products with sulfate ions contribute to a significant portion of secondary organic aerosol mass. However, the molecular structures of these organosulfates under atmospherically relevant conditions are not well understood. In this study, the protonation state and vibrational modes of 2-methyltetrol sulfates were investigated. It was found that these organosulfates are primarily deprotonated at atmospheric pH values.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jacqueline Bangma, James McCord, Nathan Giffard, Kate Buckman, Jonathan Petali, Celia Chen, Daniel Amparo, Barbara Turpin, Glenn Morrison, Mark Strynar
Summary: While high-resolution MS is suitable for novel PFAS identification and quantification, low-resolution MS/MS is the more commonly used and affordable approach for routine PFAS monitoring. However, the interference of chemical compounds in the quantitative ion channel hinders the verification of PFPeA and PFBA on low-resolution instrumentation. Adjustments to analytical methods, such as altering LC conditions and using matched internal standards, are recommended to investigate and confirm PFBA and PFPeA detections in both biological and environmental samples.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kaitlin Urso, William Vizuete, Ryan Moravec, Andrey Khlystov, Alicia Frazier, Glenn Morrison
Summary: In 2019, a study conducted by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment's Air Pollution Control Division found that biogenic VOC emissions in cannabis cultivation facilities vary widely, with the highest emissions occurring during post-harvest activities such as trimming. The dominant terpenes measured in all facilities were beta-myrcene, terpinolene, and D-limonene.
JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bailey B. Bowers, Joel A. Thornton, Ryan C. Sullivan
Summary: This study investigates the use of iodide time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometry (iodide-ToF-CIMS) for the online characterization of various PFAS compounds in the atmosphere. The researchers successfully measured different PFAS compounds in both gas and aerosol phases using various sample introduction methods. The study also sheds light on the behavior of PFAS compounds during chemical ionization, providing a more fundamental understanding of these compounds. The results demonstrate the potential of iodide-ToF-CIMS for online measurement of nonvolatile PFAS compounds in aerosols.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Peng, Shelly L. Miller, Jose L. Jimenez
Summary: Air disinfection using germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV) has gained attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigates the impact of GUV on indoor-air-quality by modeling the chemistry initiated by GUV in a typical indoor setting. The analysis shows that GUV can photolyze ozone (O3) and generate hydroxyl radicals (OH) that oxidize indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into more oxidized VOCs. GUV also leads to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Carsten Warneke, Joshua P. Schwarz, Jack Dibb, Olga Kalashnikova, Gregory Frost, Jassim Al-Saad, Steven S. Brown, Wm Alan Brewer, Amber Soja, Felix C. Seidel, Rebecca A. Washenfelder, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Richard H. Moore, Bruce E. Anderson, Carolyn Jordan, Tara Yacovitch, Scott C. Herndon, Shang Liu, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Daniel Jaffe, Nancy Johnston, Vanessa Selimovic, Robert Yokelson, David M. Giles, Brent N. Holben, Philippe Goloub, Ioana Popovici, Michael Trainer, Aditya Kumar, R. Bradley Pierce, David Fahey, James Roberts, Emily M. Gargulinski, David A. Peterson, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. Thapa, Pablo E. Saide, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Siyuan Wang, Matthew M. Coggon, Zachary C. J. Decker, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Georgios Gkatzelis, Kenneth Aikin, Barry Lefer, Jackson Kaspari, Debora Griffin, Linghan Zeng, Rodney Weber, Meredith Hastings, Jiajue Chai, Glenn M. Wolfe, Thomas F. Hanisco, Jin Liao, Pedro Campuzano Jost, Hongyu Guo, Jose L. Jimenez, James Crawford
Summary: The NOAA/NASA Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) experiment aimed to study the impact of fires on regional and global environments and air quality. The experiment measured trace gas and aerosol emissions, observed fire dynamics, assessed fire modeling, and examined connections to ground and satellite observables. The experiment involved aircraft, satellites, mobile laboratories, and ground sites.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Itamara P. P. Souza, Rita V. V. Andreoli, Mary T. T. Kayano, Wilmar L. L. Ceron, Rodrigo A. F. Souza, Indrani Roy
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) on the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections during its decaying stages. It focuses on the Indian Ocean Basin-Wide (IOBW) mode and the precipitation over South America (SA) from 1901 to 2012. The results show that the ENSO teleconnections are modulated by the IPO, with slower decay during the positive IPO phase. This modulation affects the precipitation anomalies over SA, with negative anomalies persisting until austral winter for the positive IPO phase and significant opposite sign anomalies occurring for the negative IPO phase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Frida Bejder Klausen, Ali Amidi, Soren K. Kjaergaard, Vivi Schlunssen, Peter Ravn, Kirsten Ostergaard, Vibeke Heitmann Gutzke, Marianne Glasius, Therese Koops Gronborg, Stefan Nygaard Hansen, Robert Zachariae, Pawel Wargocki, Torben Sigsgaard
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of CO2 during sleep on next-morning cognitive performance in young schoolchildren. The results showed no significant impact of CO2 on cognitive performance during sleep, but a slightly lower sleep efficiency was observed with high CO2 concentrations. Therefore, replication studies in actual bedrooms controlling for other external factors are needed to draw more general conclusions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David O. De Haan, Lelia N. Hawkins, Praveen D. Wickremasinghe, Alyssa D. Andretta, Juliette R. Dignum, Audrey C. De Haan, Hannah G. Welsh, Elyse A. Pennington, Tianqu Cui, Jason D. Surratt, Mathieu Cazaunau, Edouard Pangui, Jean-Francois Doussin
Summary: Aqueous-phase dark reactions during the co oxidation of glyoxal and S(IV) were found to be a potential source of brown carbon (BrC), which occurs more slowly in sunlit, sulfite containing solutions. Detectable amounts of BrC in aerosol require an OH radical source and occur most rapidly after a cloud event. Radical-initiated reactions and redox mechanisms play a role in this process. However, the BrC produced is about ten times less light-absorbing than wood smoke BrC at 365 nm.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhang, Manish Shrivastava, Alla Zelenyuk, Rahul A. Zaveri, Jason D. Surratt, Matthieu Riva, David Bell, Marianne Glasius
Summary: This study investigates the key parameters governing the formation of isoprene epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA). The results show that reducing the reaction rate constants of 2-methyltetrol (tetrol) can bring the model predictions in agreement with experimental measurements of IEPOX-SOA under acidified aerosol conditions. Additionally, both the organosulfate (OS) and tetrol reaction rate constants need to be reduced for nonacidified aerosols to match the chamber observations. The study also reveals that the aerosol acidity significantly affects the oligomerization rate of tetrols.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tran B. Nguyen, Kelvin H. Bates, Reina S. Buenconsejo, Sophia M. Charan, Eric E. Cavanna, David R. Cocker III, Douglas A. Day, Marla P. DeVault, Neil M. Donahue, Zachary Finewax, Luke F. Habib, Anne V. Handschy, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, Chung-Yi S. Hou, Jose L. Jimenez, Taekyu Joo, Alexandra L. Klodt, Weimeng Kong, Chen Le, Catherine G. Masoud, Matthew S. Mayernik, Nga L. Ng, Eric J. Nienhouse, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, John J. Orlando, Jeroen J. Post, Patrick O. Sturm, Bridget L. Thrasher, Geoffrey S. Tyndall, John H. Seinfeld, Steven J. Worley, Xuan Zhang, Paul J. Ziemann
Summary: ICARUS is an open access infrastructure for storing, sharing, discovering, and utilizing atmospheric chamber data. It supports the evaluation and revision of atmospheric model mechanisms, intercomparison of data and models, and the development of new model frameworks.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Henrieka Detlef, Matt O'Regan, Christian Stranne, Mads Mork Jensen, Marianne Glasius, Thomas M. M. Cronin, Martin Jakobsson, Christof Pearce
Summary: According to climate models, the Lincoln Sea will be the last refuge of perennial Arctic sea-ice in a warming climate, but recent observations show concerns about its long-term stability. A study using marine proxy evidence reveals that perennial sea-ice disappeared in the southern Lincoln Sea during the Early Holocene, suggesting a widespread shift to seasonal sea-ice in the Arctic Ocean. The findings indicate that even if global temperature rise is limited to 2 degrees C compared to pre-industrial levels, the southern Lincoln Sea is likely to transition to seasonal sea-ice due to anthropogenic warming.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Leonardo Mamani C. Jimenez, Rita V. Andreoli, Mary Toshie Kayano, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de Souza, Wilmar L. Ceron
Summary: Based on reanalysis data from 1901-2012, differences in the seasonal distribution of precipitation over South America were analyzed for single-year and multiyear El Nino events. The results show that multiyear El Nino events interact with tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans SST, affecting precipitation distribution in subsequent seasons. Compared to single-year El Nino events, multiyear El Nino events exhibit differences in intensity and positioning of precipitation anomalies. These findings contribute to climate prediction and monitoring.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nishit Shetty, Pai Liu, Yutong Liang, Benjamin Sumlin, Conner Daube, Scott Herndon, Allen H. Goldstein, Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Summary: This study investigates the impact of chemical composition and volatility of organic aerosols (OA) on the optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) in wildfire emissions. The results show a strong correlation between low volatility organics and both methanol-soluble and water-insoluble components of BrC. Higher elemental carbon (EC) concentrations are associated with greater light absorption by BrC, indicating the co-emission of strongly light-absorbing chromophores with EC. Multivariate regression analysis identifies specific compound groups, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygenated aromatics, and nitrogen-containing organics, as the best predictors of BrC light absorption.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sarah Suda Petters, Eva Rosendal Kjaergaard, Freja Hasager, Andreas Massling, Marianne Glasius, Merete Bilde
Summary: This study characterizes synthetic sea spray aerosols spiked with nanoplastics and explores the separation and ionization challenges associated with analyzing nanoplastics in complex aerosol mixtures. The results highlight the importance of separating airborne nanoplastics from sea salt aerosols for detailed characterization and understanding of their surface chemistry and behavior in the atmosphere.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaopu Lyu, Ke Li, Hai Guo, Lidia Morawska, Beining Zhou, Yangzong Zeren, Fei Jiang, Changhong Chen, Allen H. Goldstein, Xiaobin Xu, Tao Wang, Xiao Lu, Tong Zhu, Xavier Querol, Satoru Chatani, Mohd Talib Latif, Daniel Schuch, Vinayak Sinha, Prashant Kumar, Benjamin Mullins, Rodrigo Seguel, Min Shao, Likun Xue, Nan Wang, Jianmin Chen, Jian Gao, Fahe Chai, Isobel Simpson, Baerbel Sinha, Donald R. Blake
Summary: Tropospheric ozone pollution is a global challenge, with surface ozone unintentionally rising due to uncoordinated emissions reduction and increasing climate penalty. We propose a synergistic ozone-climate control strategy to alleviate ozone pollution.