Review
Immunology
Bruno Petton, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon, Fabrice Pernet, Eve Toulza, Julien de Lorgeril, Lionel Degremont, Guillaume Mitta
Summary: Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS) poses a significant threat to the global oyster aquaculture industry, primarily caused by infection with Ostreid herpesvirus and subsequent dysbiosis of the microbiota leading to opportunistic bacterial colonization. Host, environmental factors and disease mechanisms influencing POMS expression are complex and require further research for sustainable management strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Barbara Mikac, Alessandro Tarullo, Marina Antonia Colangelo, Marco Abbiati, Federica Costantini
Summary: The study revealed the endolithic parasitism of R. dubia in the shells of the Pacific oyster, potentially causing significant damage to the oysters and indicating a possibly widespread parasitic association. This association has been overlooked due to the scarce research on macrofauna associated with M. gigas.
Article
Immunology
Maxime Lepretre, Nicole Faury, Amelie Segarra, Stephane Claverol, Lionel Degremont, Melissa Palos-Ladeiro, Jean Armengaud, Tristan Renault, Benjamin Morga
Summary: This study focused on experimental infection of Pacific oyster spat with ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) and identified viral proteins with potential immunomodulatory functions, as well as key proteins in the host immune response against the viral infection. The results suggest that OsHV-1 may manipulate the host immune response, leading to weakening and death of Pacific oysters, while also highlighting the importance of proteins involved in RNA interference and interferon-like pathways for antiviral defenses in Pacific oysters.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Charles Vanhuysse, Julien Normand, Melanie Lepoittevin, Francis Orvain
Summary: Oyster farming in intertidal areas creates a distinct pattern that affects the spatial organization of macrozoobenthic communities. This study found that the oyster table habitat was in poor ecological condition, while eutrophication in the aisle was linked to dead seaweed stranding. The disturbance of species assemblage occurred in two phases, potentially impacting different macrofaunal indicators.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nicola M. Coyle, Ciar O'Toole, Jennifer C. L. Thomas, David Ryder, Edward J. Feil, Michelle Geary, Timothy P. Bean, Andrew Wokorac Joseph, Ava Waine, Deborah Cheslett, David W. Verner-Jeffreys
Summary: Bacteria from the Vibrionaceae family have caused mass mortalities of farmed Pacific oysters, affecting the industry's growth. In Ireland, there is concern about serious outbreaks caused by Vibrio. Vibrio aestuarianus is becoming the main pathogen of concern in Ireland, while the role of Vibrio splendidus in these outbreaks is not well understood. Whole-genome sequencing of Vibrio isolates recovered from summer mortality episodes in Ireland revealed a high similarity between Irish and French V. aestuarianus isolates, indicating translocation of the pathogen between the two major oyster-producing countries in Europe.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Lizenn Delisle, Olivier Laroche, Zoe Hilton, Jean-Francois Burguin, Anne Rolton, Jolene Berry, Xavier Pochon, Pierre Boudry, Julien Vignier
Summary: The role of oyster microbiota in Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS) is not fully understood. This study describes the temporal kinetics of POMS and the changes in microbiota during infection, and identifies both harmful and beneficial bacteria that may influence disease outcomes. These findings open new perspectives on using microbiome composition as a screening tool for shellfish health and predicting oyster vulnerability to POMS.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Biology
Xiang Zhang, Bo-Wen Huang, Yu-Dong Zheng, Lu-Sheng Xin, Wen-Bo Chen, Tao Yu, Chen Li, Chong-Ming Wang, Chang-Ming Bai
Summary: The rapid growth of Pacific oyster aquaculture industry in China has led to the emergence of mass mortalities. The study found that OsHV-1, Vibrio natriegens, and Vibrio alginolyticus pose potential risks to the industry.
Article
Biology
Carolina Penaloza, Alejandro P. Gutierrez, Lel Eory, Shan Wang, Ximing Guo, Alan L. Archibald, Tim P. Bean, Ross D. Houston
Summary: A chromosome-level assembly for the Pacific oyster (C. gigas) was created and annotated, providing a valuable resource for genetics and genomics studies, as well as selective breeding in aquaculture.
Article
Immunology
Shanshan Yao, Li Li, Xudong Guan, Yan He, Aude Jouaux, Fei Xu, Ximing Guo, Guofan Zhang, Linlin Zhang
Summary: By studying the genomic variations associated with herpesvirus-caused mortalities in the Pacific oyster, researchers identified specific genes and polymorphisms that play a crucial role in the antiviral response and resistance. They found that the genes involved in the defense mechanisms differed between larvae and adults, suggesting different genetic mechanisms at different developmental stages. Moreover, key immune response genes, such as those encoding antiviral receptors, showed a strong association between genetic variation and herpesvirus-caused mortality. Overall, this study reveals previously unknown genetic mechanisms and provides valuable insights for breeding oysters with herpesvirus resistance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marion Richard, Jean Luc Rolland, Yannick Gueguen, Julien de Lorgeril, Juliette Pouzadoux, Behzad Mostajir, Beatrice Bec, Sebastien Mas, David Parin, Patrik Le Gall, Serge Mortreux, Annie Fiandrino, Franck Lagarde, Gregory Messiaen, Martine Fortune, Emmanuelle Roque D'Orbcastel
Summary: The mortality of Crassostrea gigas juveniles is systematically observed every year worldwide, primarily due to Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS) caused by OsHV-1 infection. During the oyster mortality episode, releases of OsHV-1 and opportunistic bacteria were observed in the water, potentially impacting disease spread within oyster farms and marine biodiversity in shellfish farming areas.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Zhen Xing, Lei Gao, Ranyang Liu, Qian Yang, Qingsong Li, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
Summary: Oxidative stress was observed in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to high temperature both in indoor experiments and during outdoor aquaculture period. The oxidative stress indicators (SOD, CAT, POD, T-AOC, MDA, and GSH) showed significant changes, with a decrease observed at 28°C in the high-temperature treated groups. During the outdoor aquaculture period, MDA content decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into oxidative stress in Pacific oysters exposed to high temperature.
Article
Fisheries
Cassio de Oliveira Ramos, Francisco Carlos da Silva, Carlos Henrique Araujo de Miranda Gomes, Chris Langdon, Paulo Takano, Matthew Whitney Gray, Claudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of larval stocking density on larval yield, competent larvae, and larval shell length of Crassostrea gigas in a recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). Results indicated that the optimal densities for larval rearing were 50 and 75 larvae mL-1, leading to the best growth and highest proportion of competent larvae. This RAS approach could enhance resource efficiency and profitability for commercial hatcheries.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kevin Tallec, Arnaud Huvet, Valerie Yeuc'h, Nelly Le Goic, Ika Paul-Pont
Summary: Leachates from used rubber products are generally less toxic than those from new rubber products. The chemicals in the leachates from new rubber products can affect the development of Pacific oysters.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Konstantin Divilov, Noah Merz, Blaine Schoolfield, Timothy J. Green, Chris Langdon
Summary: Breeding through family-based pedigree selection has improved the survival of Pacific oysters to mortality events caused by OsHV-1 in Tomales Bay, California. A genome-wide association study identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 8 associated with survival, which explained 13% of the phenotypic variance. Marker-assisted selection based on this QTL resulted in families with 47% higher survival breeding values compared to pedigree selection alone.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xu Wang, Ping Li, Xuqian Cao, Bin Liu, Shuwen He, Zhihan Cao, Shaoying Xing, Ling Liu, Zhi-Hua Li
Summary: This study investigates the combined effects of tralopyril and ocean acidification on marine organisms and ecosystems. The results show that the combined toxicity is between that of acidification and tralopyril alone. Exposure activates stress responses, affects energy metabolism and biomineralization, and has an impact on marine carbon cycling.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mathieu Lutier, Carole Di Poi, Frederic Gazeau, Alexis Appolis, Jeremy Le Luyer, Fabrice Pernet
Summary: The study developed a framework to analyze broad macro-physiological and molecular responses in juvenile oysters over a wide pH range, identifying low tipping points for physiological traits and major reshuffling in membrane lipids and transcriptome. This innovative methodology allowed for the synthesis and identification of main patterns of variations in large -omic data sets, fitting them to pH and identifying molecular tipping points, with potential broad applications to assess the effects of global change on other organisms.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Clement Offret, Olivier Gauthier, Garance Despreaux, Adeline Bidault, Charlotte Corporeau, Philippe Miner, Bruno Petton, Fabrice Pernet, Caroline Fabioux, Christine Paillard, Gwenaelle Le Blay
Summary: By studying the behavior of clam digestive glands and extrapallial fluids microbiota, this study found that environmental variations impacted clam microbiota differently according to the tissue considered. Clam tissues could be considered as different microhabitats for bacteria as they showed different responses to small-scale temporal and spatial variabilities in natural conditions.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eglantine Mathieu-Begne, Simon Blanchet, Guillaume Mitta, Clement Le Potier, Geraldine Loot, Olivier Rey
Summary: A parasite's ability to infect alternative host species is influenced by changes in gene expression and molecular pathways, particularly those related to cellular machinery, energetic metabolism, muscle activity, and oxidative stress. This study suggests that molecular plasticity plays a crucial role in facilitating host shift in parasites.
Article
Biology
Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol, Erwan Harscouet, Dor Shefy, Eve Toulza, Olivier Rey, Jean-Francois Allienne, Guillaume Mitta, Baruch Rinkevich
Summary: Chimeras, genetically mixed entities resulting from fusion of conspecifics, have shown to be more environmentally robust in corals, constantly expressing stress-responsive genes and enhancing their ability to cope with environmental stresses, highlighting their potential usefulness as a reef restoration tool and as an evolutionary rescue instrument.
Article
Microbiology
Manon Fallet, Caroline Montagnani, Bruno Petton, Luc Dantan, Julien de Lorgeril, Sebastien Comarmond, Cristian Chaparro, Eve Toulza, Simon Boitard, Jean-Michel Escoubas, Agnes Vergnes, Jacqueline Le Grand, Ingo Bulla, Yannick Gueguen, Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol, Christoph Grunau, Guillaume Mitta, Celine Cosseau
Summary: This study found that early microbial exposure in Pacific oysters can significantly improve their survival rate against a pathogen causing mortality syndrome. The protection provided by microbial exposure is inheritable across generations and is associated with changes in epigenetic marks and immune gene expression. This discovery suggests that microbial exposure may be an important strategy for protecting oyster aquaculture from infectious diseases.
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. Lemonnier, M. Chalopin, A. Huvet, F. Le Roux, Y. Labreuche, B. Petton, L. Maignien, I. Paul-Pont, J. Reveillaud
Summary: The colonization of microplastics by microorganisms can lead to the pollution of marine environments. The composition of the microorganisms on microplastics is affected by various factors, making it difficult to understand how the biofilm evolves over time. In this study, the bacterial community on plastic pellets in an oyster farming area was investigated. The results showed distinct bacterial families on the plastics compared to seawater, with filamentous Cyanobacteria being prevalent. The surrounding environment played a central role in shaping the diversity of the bacterial community on the plastics. Early-colonizers such as Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, and Vibrio were identified, suggesting that the biofilms on microplastics may remain in early stages of development at large oceanic scales. The study raises the hypothesis that most members of the plastisphere, including potential pathogens, result from opportunistic colonization processes rather than long-term transport.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Noemie De San Nicolas, Aromal Asokan, Rafael D. Rosa, Sebastien N. Voisin, Marie-Agnes Travers, Gustavo Rocha, Luc Dantan, Yann Dorant, Guillaume Mitta, Bruno Petton, Guillaume M. Charriere, Jean-Michel Escoubas, Viviane Boulo, Juliette Pouzadoux, Herve Meudal, Karine Loth, Vincent Aucagne, Agnes F. Delmas, Philippe Bulet, Caroline Montagnani, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon
Summary: The study found that Cg-BigDefs peptides play an important role in controlling the oyster-associated microbial communities. They have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and show specificity and synergy against bacteria associated with oyster pathologies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andreaz Dupoue, Danielle Ferraz Mello, Rafael Trevisan, Christine Dubreuil, Isabelle Queau, Sebastien Petton, Arnaud Huvet, Blandine Guevel, Emmanuelle Com, Fabrice Pernet, Karine Salin, Elodie Fleury, Charlotte Corporeau
Summary: This study investigated the phenotypic plasticity of Pacific oysters in intertidal zones at different foreshore ranges. The findings showed that oysters at the upper limit range exhibited higher energy efficiency and developed antioxidant mechanisms to delay aging, while oysters at the lower limit range showed lower energy efficiency, higher oxidative stress, and shorter telomere length.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Quentin Schull, Anais Beauvieux, Vincent A. Viblanc, Luisa Metral, Lina Leclerc, Diego Romero, Fabrice Pernet, Claudie Quere, Dominique Munaron, Christopher W. McKindsey, Claire Saraux, Jerome Bourjea
Summary: By using an integrative approach, we tested the direct and indirect causal pathways through which environmental stressors affect the stress response of wild gilthead seabream in Mediterranean coastal lagoons. Our results showed that 54% of fish stress response can be explained by variables such as lagoon features, fish age, fish diet, fish reserve, fish structure, and fish contaminant load.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Oyanedel, Arnaud Lagorce, Maxime Bruto, Philippe Haffner, Amandine Morot, Yannick Labreuche, Yann Dorant, Sebastien de La Forest Divonne, Francois Delavat, Nicolas Inguimbert, Caroline Montagnani, Benjamin Morga, Eve Toulza, Cristian Chaparro, Jean-Michel Escoubas, Yannick Gueguen, Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol, Julien de Lorgeril, Bruno Petton, Lionel Degremont, Delphine Tourbiez, Lea-Lou Pimpare, Marc Leroy, Oceane Romatif, Juliette Pouzadoux, Guillaume Mitta, Frederique Le Roux, Guillaume M. Charriere, Marie-Agnes Travers, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon
Summary: In Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), Vibrio harveyi and ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) are the predominant bacteria causing the disease. V. harveyi synergizes with OsHV-1 by promoting mutual growth and inhibiting oyster's cellular defenses. Furthermore, V. harveyi produces metabolites that benefit the growth of coexisting V. rotiferianus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Mathieu Lutier, Fabrice Pernet, Carole Di Poi
Summary: Ocean acidification from anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions affects the growth of marine calcifiers. Recovery capacity of calcifiers under a wide range of pH has not been studied. We evaluated the recovery capacity of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas under various pH conditions and found that growth retardation persisted even after the stress was removed.
Article
Microbiology
Camille Clerissi, Xing Luo, Aude Lucasson, Shogofa Mortaza, Julien de Lorgeril, Eve Toulza, Bruno Petton, Jean-Michel Escoubas, Lionel Degremont, Yannick Gueguen, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon, Annick Jacq, Guillaume Mitta
Summary: The study used metabarcoding and metatranscriptomic approaches to show that the pathogenesis of POMS is conserved across different infectious environments, and identified a core bacterial consortium that plays a role in POMS pathobiota. The core bacteria have complementary metabolic functions and a low competition for nutrients, which allows them to colonize host tissues and contribute to the conservation of POMS pathobiota.
