Article
Oncology
Anna Strzeszewska-Potyrala, Karolina Staniak, Joanna Czarnecka-Herok, Mahmoud-Reza Rafiee, Marcin Herok, Grazyna Mosieniak, Jeroen Krijgsveld, Ewa Sikora
Summary: The study identified ZNF84 as a critical regulator of senescence in p53-mutated tumors, showing that its knock-down inhibited p21 expression and increased proliferation, while also reducing genotoxic effects of doxorubicin. Additionally, ZNF84 deficiency was associated with changes in transcriptomic profiles and lower survival rates in colon cancer patients, suggesting its potential as a target for novel therapies in p53-null cancers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefan Bohn, Lorenz Hexemer, Zixin Huang, Laura Strohmaier, Sonja Lenhardt, Stefan Legewie, Alexander Loewer
Summary: SMAD-mediated signaling regulates cell fate decisions by responding to different ligands of the TGF(3 family, with the nature of the response determined by the proliferation status of the cells. Ligand identity modulates the strength of the response, which is correlated with SMAD nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and gene expression changes. The proliferation state of the cell affects the sensitivity to TGF(3 superfamily members, while the pathway itself serves as a relay from the cell membrane to the nucleus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Luigi Aloia
Summary: The adult liver has excellent regenerative potential following injury, with tissue damage inducing significant proliferation and cell-fate changes. Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating cell-fate decisions, which may be linked to chronic liver disease and liver cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Juan Sobrino-Plata, Angel Baron-Sola, Cristina Ortega-Villasante, Victor Ortega-Campayo, Cesar Gonzalez-Berrocal, Carlos Conesa-Quintana, Sandra Carrasco-Gil, Maria Munoz-Pinilla, Javier Abadia, Ana Alvarez-Fernandez, Luis E. Hernandez
Summary: This study identifies the presence of Hg-PC complexes in roots, suggesting that Hg can be translocated associated with thiol-rich metabolites. Additionally, differential expression of 20 genes involved in sulphur assimilation, GSH and PCs synthesis indicates a complex regulation mechanism possibly involving post-translational processes independent of GSH cellular levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qianwen Hu, Tingting Xu, Min Zhang, Heng Zhang, Yongbo Liu, Hua-bing Li, Chiqi Chen, Junke Zheng, Zhen Zhang, Fubin Li, Nan Shen, Wenqian Zhang, Ari Melnick, Chuanxin Huang
Summary: The study reveals that Bach2 protein and transcripts in activated B cells have differential roles in controlling their cell-fate outcomes and the fate of their descendant effector cells.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Olgica Zaric, Alex Farr, Lenka Minarikova, Sebastian Lachner, Ella Asseryanis, Armin M. Nagel, Michael Weber, Christian F. Singer, Siegfried Trattnig
Summary: Using 7.0-T MRI for tissue sodium concentration quantification to predict early treatment outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is feasible, with reduced tissue sodium concentration indicative of cancer response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. O'Connor, Tanay Thakar, Claudia M. Nicolae, George-Lucian Moldovan
Summary: PARP14 is identified as a regulator of cyclin D1 expression, with its depletion leading to decreased cyclin D1 protein levels and G1 cell-cycle arrest. This regulation is achieved through controlling cyclin D1 mRNA levels and is dependent on an intact p53-p21 pathway. The findings highlight a new role for PARP14 in promoting cell-cycle progression through cyclin D1 and the p53 pathway.
Article
Biology
Jin-Ran Chen, Oxana P. Lazarenko, Michael L. Blackburn, Jennifer F. Chen, Christopher E. Randolph, Jovanny Zabaleta, Katrin Schroder, Kim B. Pedersen, Martin J. J. Ronis
Summary: Nox4 expression and reactive oxygen species signaling play a key role in osteoblast differentiation, proliferation, and maturation. Nox4 expression and ROS signaling in bone and osteoblastic cells coordinately contribute to osteoblast differentiation, proliferation, and maturation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fiona E. Hood, Yasmina M. Sahraoui, Rosalind E. Jenkins, Ian A. Prior
Summary: Activating mutations of Ras genes are frequently observed in cancer, with KRAS being more commonly mutated than other Ras isoforms. A study has shown that the protein expression of KRAS is higher than that of NRAS and HRAS in cancer cells, which correlates with the mutation frequencies. The study also suggests that the dosage of Ras isoforms plays a role in cancer and development, and challenges the idea that rare codons are the main reason for the predominance of KRAS mutant cancers. Moreover, an imbalance between mutant and wildtype KRAS protein abundance was observed, indicating additional non-gene duplication mechanisms for optimizing oncogenic Ras dosage.
Article
Oncology
Qi Li, Na Li, Qi Gao, Hengchao Liu, Feng Xue, Yali Cheng, Wenzhi Li, Chen Chen, Dong Zhang, Zhimin Geng
Summary: This study investigates the risk factors and patterns of early recurrence in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) after radical resection and analyzes the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on early recurrence. The results demonstrate that early recurrence is an independent risk factor for overall survival, and CA125, liver invasion, T stage, and N stage are associated with early recurrence. The liver and lymph nodes are the main sites of first recurrence, and patients who receive ACT have improved prognosis.
Article
Cell Biology
Giuseppe Bosso, Pablo Lanuza-Gracia, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Merve Yilmaz, Rosa Serrano, Maria A. Blasco
Summary: BRAF(V600E) mutation is common in cancer and its expression leads to DNA damage response, inflammation, and differential changes in cell cycle and senescence-associated proteins in lung epithelia.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Reiri Shimazaki, Shigetsugu Takano, Mamoru Satoh, Mamoru Takada, Yoji Miyahara, Kosuke Sasaki, Hideyuki Yoshitomi, Shingo Kagawa, Katsunori Furukawa, Tsukasa Takayashiki, Satoshi Kuboki, Kazuyuki Sogawa, Shinichiro Motohashi, Fumio Nomura, Masaru Miyazaki, Masayuki Ohtsuka
Summary: The study identified complement factor B (CFB) as a key secreted protein involved in the progression of PDAC, promoting cellular proliferation and immunological tumor promotion. High stromal CFB expression was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in PDAC patients, indicating CFB may be a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jessica Murphy, Bjorn T. Tam, James L. Kirkland, Tamara Tchkonia, Nino Giorgadze, Tamar Pirtskhalava, Michael A. Tsoukas, Jose A. Morais, Sylvia Santosa
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of obesity onset on markers of senescence in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) before and after weight loss. The results showed that individuals with childhood-onset obesity had higher levels of DNA damage and senescence markers in SAT compared to those with adult-onset obesity. Weight loss reduced DNA damage in SAT, but did not affect senescence markers. Overall, weight loss improved the aging state associated with obesity.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ahmer Irfan, J. Bart Rose, Thomas N. Wang, Selwyn M. Vickers, Vikas Dudeja, Olumide Gbolahan, Sushanth Reddy
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with resectable and borderline-resectable disease who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Most resectable patients were successfully resected after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but some experienced local or distant progression. Further research is needed to identify patients who may benefit from upfront surgical treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongsha Guo, Gabriel Golczer, Ben S. Wittner, Adam Langenbucher, Marcus Zachariah, Taronish D. Dubash, Xin Hong, Valentine Comaills, Risa Burr, Richard Y. Ebright, Elad Horwitz, Joanna A. Vuille, Soroush Hajizadeh, Devon F. Wiley, Brittany A. Reeves, Jia-min Zhang, Kira L. Niederhoffer, Chenyue Lu, Benjamin Wesley, Uyen Ho, Linda T. Nieman, Mehmet Toner, Shobha Vasudevan, Lee Zou, Raul Mostoslavsky, Shyamala Maheswaran, Michael S. Lawrence, Daniel A. Harber
Summary: The deregulation of oncogenic signals in cancer triggers replication stress, which leads to the inhibition of IEG gene transcription by NR4A1. This results in proliferative failure and chromosomal instability, highlighting the potential role of NR4A1 in cancer progression.