Article
Chemistry, Applied
B. N. Kumara, R. Shambhu, Ashwini Prabhu, K. Sudhakara Prasad
Summary: This study reports the design of highly efficient and biocompatible nanocomposites for drug delivery and tracking. A proof-of-concept was demonstrated for the delivery of an anti-glaucoma drug using a novel nanocomposite, with successful drug delivery and intercellular tracking observed. The nanocomposite also showed excellent cell viability and protected cells from oxidative injury.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dhirendra Sahoo, Sushreesangita P. Behera, Jyoti Shakya, Bhaskar Kaviraj
Summary: This study proposes a simple and economical method for synthesizing luminescent MoS2 nanocrystals and evaluates their potential applications in lung cancer cells.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fariza Aina Abd Manan, Nor Azah Yusof, Jaafar Abdullah, Armania Nurdin
Summary: Cancer is a devastating disease with high mortality rates worldwide, leading to extensive research on drug nanocarrier vectors as a potential treatment option. In this study, a drug delivery system was developed using chitosan nanocarriers to optimize the encapsulation efficiency of an anticancer drug. The optimized parameters resulted in an encapsulation efficiency of 55.31%, and the nanocarriers showed efficient drug release in different pH conditions. The study demonstrates the potential of the synthesized MMC nanocarrier for effective drug delivery and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seokhwan Chung, Richard A. Revia, Miqin Zhang
Summary: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have excellent properties for various applications in nanomedicine. Recent research focuses on their physicochemical, electronic, magnetic, and biological properties, discussing their use in bioimaging and therapy, as well as technical progress in GQDs synthesis.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zahra Shariatinia, Mahdieh Ziba
Summary: Chitosan was functionalized and utilized as smart pH-responsive drug delivery systems for the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide. Different synthesized materials showed varied drug release rates under different pH conditions, with CS-AC-U-CP being identified as the most desirable DDS.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Xu, Wei Fu, Lei Bao, Guanglin Wang, Wanping Wang, Wei Wang, Kun Xiang, Nengmei Deng, Xucheng Fu, Juncheng Jin
Summary: Homogeneous photoluminescent MoS2 QDs were successfully produced using structurally stable MOF MIL-101 as limited nanoreactors, opening up a new route for fabricating other photoluminescent QDs and their derived nanomaterials.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fariza Aina Abd Manan, Nor Azah Yusof, Jaafar Abdullah, Faruq Mohammad, Armania Nurdin, Latifah Saiful Yazan, Sachin K. Khiste, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan
Summary: Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are used for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy with low/no toxicity to non-cancer cells. A synthesized nanocarrier system showed the highest drug release at pH 6.8, fitting the Higuchi model well for a diffusion-controlled mechanism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryam Zoghi, Mehrab Pourmadadi, Fatemeh Yazdian, Mona Navaei Nigjeh, Hamid Rashedi, Razi Sahraeian
Summary: In this study, a curcumin nanocomposite comprising Fe2O3/Chitosan/Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) was fabricated for the first time through a double emulsion method. This nanocomposite overcomes the shortcomings of curcumin, such as low chemical stability, bioavailability, and solubility, and shows promise in targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emel Kirbas Cilingir, Meghana Sankaran, Jordan M. Garber, Frederic Anthony Vallejo, Mattia Bartoli, Alberto Tagliaferro, Steven Vanni, Regina M. Graham, Roger M. Leblanc
Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have gained attention for their biocompatibility and tunable photoluminescence, but further analysis is needed before their use in clinical trials. A new type of carbon nitride dot (CND) has been found to selectively uptake cancer cells due to structural similarities with glutamine. The study investigates the effects of surface structural differences on the cellular uptake of CNDs and finds that the uptake mechanism is linked with ASCT2 and LAT1 transporters. CNDs show promise for selective cancer cell targeting by utilizing highly expressed transporters on cancer cells.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhipeng Dong, Nanxia Zhang, Jiahao Zhang, Jun Luo, Yisong Xu, Weifang Tang, Baofen Ye, Yue Wang
Summary: Metal-containing nanomaterials have diverse compositions and structures, making them attractive for various applications. In this study, we modified dendritic polyethylene glycol on a folate-nickel nanotube to create a new type of metal-containing nanotube, PEG-FA-Ni NTs. These nanotubes exhibited excellent antitumor activity comparable to commonly used drugs, and may achieve optimal antitumor effects by damaging DNA, blocking cell cycle, and inducing apoptosis. The results suggest that PEG-FA-Ni NTs could be a promising nanomedicine for cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Faisal K. Algethami, Ilyes Saidi, Hichem Ben Jannet, M. Khairy, Babiker Y. Abdulkhair, Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: Cadmium sulfide quantum dots were successfully embedded into chitosan using an in situ hydrothermal method. The resulting CdS@CTS quantum dots showed high selectivity towards copper ions and can be used for naked-eye detection of heavy metals.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fang Wang, Naipin Chen, Jiarui Li, Ziqi Xu
Summary: In this study, dual photosensitizer drug loaded microspheres were prepared by modifying Carbon dots with polydopamine and encapsulating them using chitosan. The microspheres showed excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and drug release performance, making them suitable for synergistic chemo-photothermal treatment of tumor cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amit Fischer, Pu Zhang, Yu Ouyang, Yang Sung Sohn, Ola Karmi, Rachel Nechushtai, Eli Pikarsky, Itamar Willner
Summary: In this study, the assembly of ATP and miRNA-responsive DNA tetrahedra-functionalized carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel microcapsules is presented. The microcapsules are selectively unlocked and release the loaded drugs in the presence of ATP or miRNA-141. The functionalized microcapsules with DNA tetrahedra nanostructures exhibit superior permeation into cells, particularly breast cancer cells. The stimuli-responsive, drug-loaded, DNA tetrahedra-modified microcapsules show superior and selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenjie Zhou, Zhe Hu, Jinxin Wei, Hanqing Dai, Yuanyuan Chen, Siyu Liu, Zhongtao Duan, Fengxian Xie, Wanlu Zhang, Ruiqian Guo
Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in quantum dots-hydrogel composites and their biomedical applications, as well as the challenges in design optimization and future development. The findings of this study provide critical insights and inspiration for future researchers.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ganji Seeta Rama Raju, Begum Dariya, Sathish Kumar Mungamuri, Gayathri Chalikonda, Sung-Min Kang, Ishaq N. Khan, Pinninti Santosh Sushma, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Eluri Pavitra, Young-Kyu Han
Summary: Cancer is a deadly disease with limitations in traditional therapies. Nanotechnology, as an emerging science, provides more effective cancer treatments by overcoming biomedical and biophysical barriers.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aya H. Mahmoud, Haitham M. El-Bery, Maysa M. Ali, Eman S. Aldaby, Asmaa M. M. Mawad, Ahmed A. Shoreit
Summary: The present study investigates the use of Calotropis procera biomass as a low-cost and nonedible source for the production of renewable bioethanol and potentially biodiesel. Sequential pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis processes were conducted, resulting in high yields of bioethanol and fatty acids.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hamouda M. Mousa, Hanan S. Fahmy, Gomaa A. M. Ali, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Mohamed Ateia
Summary: This review critically examines the use of membrane technology for oil/water separation. It discusses membrane properties, various materials including organic, inorganic, and hybrid membranes, membrane design, fabrication techniques, and surface modification techniques. The review also highlights the current challenges and future research directions in this field.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sherief A. Al Kiey, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: Co3O4@N-doped C composites were synthesized by pyrolysis of cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (MOF). The hierarchical porous structure of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-67) was utilized to enhance electron and ion transport, resulting in improved capacitive performance.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mahmoud R. Saleh, Haitham M. El-Bery, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: A wet-incipient impregnation method was used to synthesize hierarchical porous bimetallic (Co, Zn)-zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8)/TiO2 for efficient photocatalytic water splitting. Co@ZIF-8/TiO2 exhibited significantly higher photocatalytic efficiency than TiO2, with a hydrogen generation rate of 13 mmol·h(-1)·g(-1) and a 151-fold increase in catalytic performance. The hierarchical porous structure of Co@ZIF-8 facilitated charge transfer and provided efficient transport channels. This study demonstrates the potential of hierarchical porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as support and promoter in photocatalytic applications of TiO2.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Ghada Abd-Elmonsef Mahmoud
Summary: In this study, copper-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were used to synthesize copper oxide (CuO) embedded into carbon (CuO@C), which displayed high antifungal activity against four economic postharvest plant pathogens. The CuO@C nanoparticles inhibited the growth of the fungal species and decreased their enzyme activity, reducing the potentiality of fruit disease. The successful formation of CuO@C nanoparticles was confirmed using various characterization techniques.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: One-pot co-precipitation method for synthesizing microporous-mesoporous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) crystals, using organic dyes as target molecules, was reported. The crystal growth involves an intermediate phase of zinc hydroxyl nitrate nanosheets, allowing the adsorption of the dyes. The materials showed potential for CO2 adsorption and ATP biosensing.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Walid Sharmoukh, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: A metal-organic framework (MOF) of cerium (Ce) ions and 4,4 ',4 ''-nitrilotribenzoic acid linker was synthesized via a hydro thermal method. The Ce-MOF showed Fenton-like properties and displayed excellent catalytic oxidation activity for various organic compounds and water pollutants. It exhibited high efficiency in the oxidative degradation of dyes and could be recycled multiple times without significant loss of catalytic performance.
JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential for industrial applications but current synthesis processes limit their use due to the powder form. A solvothermal method was used to grow copper-based MOFs onto a cotton textile, creating a material called CuBDC@Textile. CuBDC@Textile demonstrated excellent vapor sensing properties and high adsorption capacity for pyridine. This dual-functional material holds promise for further research on MOFs in textile applications.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Numa A. A. Althubiti, T. A. Taha, A. A. Azab, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
Summary: The use of solid-state materials such as sodium borohydride for hydrogen storage and release can meet the requirements of the "Hydrogen Economy". This study investigated ZnO-based materials as catalysts for hydrogen release through the hydrolysis of NaBH4. The synthesis method produced nanocomposites consisting of ZnO-xTiO(2) and ZnO-xCeO(2) (x = 5 wt.% or 10 wt.%). Characterization techniques confirmed the phase purity and optical properties of the materials. The materials exhibited a high hydrogen generation rate and different activation energies.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Merna H. Emam, Reham S. Elezaby, Shady A. Swidan, Samah A. Loutfy, Rania M. Hathout
Summary: In this study, cerium oxide nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for the fabrication of antiviral filters. These nanofibers showed excellent bacterial filtration efficiency and were non-toxic to cells. Furthermore, the cerium oxide nanoparticles exhibited antiviral activity. Therefore, this nanofiber can effectively reduce virus transmission.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Islam M. A. Mekhemer, Abdel-Aal M. Gaber
Summary: In this study, benzimidazole derivatives were successfully synthesized through photocatalytic synthesis using a solid-state acid catalyst ZrOSO4@C. The reaction, which allowed for condensation and cyclization in a single vessel, resulted in high yield (77-98%) and high purity of the benzimidazoles. The catalyst showed improvement in the synthesis of various benzimidazole derivatives using a wide range of aromatic aldehydes and heterocycles.
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moushira Saleh, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Dina M. Fouad, Haitham M. El-Bery
Summary: The use of light radiation to split water into hydrogen gas has great potential for green hydrogen production. A comparative study was conducted on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanocomposites with two co-catalysts, Pt or Cu nanocrystals, using different synthesis methods. The study found that the deposition technique of the co-catalyst has a significant influence on the efficiency of photocatalysis for hydrogen production.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Sahar Sultan, Aji P. Mathew
Summary: 3D printing of cellulose/leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (CelloZIF-L) allows for the creation of structures with high adsorption efficiency, capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide and heavy metals.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dimitrios Georgouvelas, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Ulrica Edlund, Aji P. Mathew
Summary: In this study, nanocellulose/alginate composite hydrogel beads were successfully prepared and modified with in situ TEMPO-mediated oxidation. The modified beads exhibited improved adsorption efficiency and water flux, making them promising candidates for large-volume, high flux water treatment.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Xingran Kou, Dongdong Su, Fei Pan, Xiwei Xu, Qingran Meng, Qinfei Ke
Summary: This review provides a systematic discussion of the application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aroma compounds (ACs)/cyclodextrins (CDs) inclusion complexes (ICs). It covers the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, summarizing the major achievements and challenges of this method.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Haoyu Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Jing Wang, Yang Yue, Lihua Geng, Ning Wu
Summary: Brown algae are rich in fucoidan, which has been found to have anti-cancer and anti-metastasis effects. Fucoidan inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, and also promotes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Liang Dong, Yanan Li, Hailin Cong, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen
Summary: Gene therapy is a revolutionary treatment that requires suitable vectors for protecting and releasing exogenous nucleic acids in target cells. Chitosan, as a non-viral vector, has gained attention due to its good biocompatibility and ability to load large amounts of nucleic acids. This paper summarizes the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as gene delivery vector materials, discusses factors influencing transfection efficiency, performance evaluation, ways to optimize infectious efficiency, and current research development directions. It also provides an outlook on the future prospects of chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Iglesias-Mejuto, Beatriz Magarinos, Tania Ferreira-Goncalves, Ricardo Starbird-Perez, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Catarina Pinto Reis, Ines Ardao, Carlos A. Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: This study developed a novel processing strategy to manufacture drug-loaded and personalized aerogels with nanostructures. The aerogels demonstrated bioactivity and antimicrobial effects, promoting bone regeneration and preventing infections in bone tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenxu Shi, Dimei Yang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Lin Gan, Jin Huang
Summary: This study proposes a micro-assembly method to improve the photoluminescent properties of crystalline cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by organizing them within a sub-micrometer-sized metal-organic framework and coating with TiO2. The TiO2 coating prevents CNC assembly breakdown and allows information to be revealed using screenprinted labels for anti-counterfeiting purposes.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejiao Liu, Bin Fu, Jierong Chen, Zhenyu Sun, Dongdong Zheng, Zhonghua Li, Bing Gu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: Liver disease is a major cause of global mortality, and identifying biomarkers for diagnosing its progression is crucial for improving outcomes. Targeted mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for verifying biomarker candidates and clinical applications, particularly for glycoproteins translation. However, the limitation of analyzing only one sample per run has become apparent. In this study, a high-throughput intact N-glycopeptides quantification strategy was developed, allowing the validation of 20 samples per run with an average analysis time of 3 minutes per sample. The strategy was applied in a cohort of 461 serum samples and identified a panel of 10 IgG N-glycopeptides that have strong clinical utility in evaluating the severity of liver disease.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chaeyeon Lee, Sojeong Lee, Sang Wook Kang
Summary: The study aims to enhance the properties of porous membranes by addressing the limitations associated with phase separation. By using cellulose acetate and citric acid, the researchers were able to fabricate membranes with improved mechanical strength and thermal stability. The cross-linking effect of citric acid resulted in a more uniform pore structure and higher porosity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Noella Abraham, Dadi A. Srinivasarao, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi, P. S. Rajinikanth, Vidya Tickoo, Saurabh Srivastava
Summary: This review focuses on the design and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogel wound dressings, highlighting aspects such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug entrapment, moisturizing ability, swelling, and mechanical properties. Additionally, various crosslinking methods and recent developments in stimuli-responsive hydrogels are discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anqi Xu, Nan Zhang, Shixing Su, Hongyu Shi, Daoqiang Lu, Xifeng Li, Xin Zhang, Xin Feng, Zhuohua Wen, Gengwu Ma, Mengshi Huang, Chi Huang, Yuqi Hu, Hao Yuan, Qinwen Liu, Daogang Guan, Jun Wang, Chuanzhi Duan
Summary: The study presents a one-pot radical polymerization method to fabricate a hydrogel with adhesive properties, which can effectively treat bacterial-infected diabetic wounds and accelerate wound healing.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Montarop Yamabhai, Munthipha Khamphio, Thae Thae Min, Chai Noy Soem, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Waheni Rizki Aprilia, Krisanai Luesukprasert, Karsidete Teeranitayatarn, Atthaphon Maneedaeng, Tina R. Tuveng, Silje B. Lorentzen, Simen Antonsen, Paiboon Jitprasertwong, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
Summary: The study investigates the bioconversion of chitosan into soluble anti-inflammatory chitosan oligosaccharides (CHOS) using an enzyme. The results show that the generated CHOS have anti-inflammatory activity, but the magnitude of the activity depends on the substrate and production process. Different methods of dissolving chitosan also affect the properties of CHOS. The study highlights the importance of quality assurance in CHOS preparations.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wen Cao, Jiangping Wu, Xinya Zhao, Zixu Li, Jie Yu, Taili Shao, Xuefeng Hou, Lutan Zhou, Chunfei Wang, Guodong Wang, Jun Han
Summary: In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from Pueraria lobata. It was found that PLP1 was composed of specific glycosidic units and exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability. Moreover, PLP1 effectively protected the liver against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ya Su, Yaqian Liu, Xueyan Hu, Yueqi Lu, Jinyuan Zhang, Wenbo Jin, Wang Liu, Yan Shu, Yuen Yee Cheng, Wenfang Li, Yi Nie, Bo Pan, Kedong Song
Summary: A 3D printed scaffold based on carbon dots-curcumin nano-drug release has been developed for drug delivery after breast cancer surgery. The scaffold showed effective inhibition of tumor growth, antibacterial activity, and promotion of wound healing, making it a promising approach for preventing tumor recurrence.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Sokolova, Diane Jouanneau, Antonin Chevenier, Murielle Jam, Nathalie Desban, Pierre Colas, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Gurvan Michel
Summary: Carrageenans, a compound synthesized in red algae, have various biological properties and are valuable in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Their fine structure affects wound healing, oxidative processes, hemostasis, and inflammation. Enzymatic modification of carrageenans produces oligosaccharides that bind to natural human serum antibodies and specific antibodies, showing potential for therapeutic applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yan Shi, Miao Yu, Kaijin Qiu, Tiantian Kong, Chunjing Guo, Wenxue Zhang, Daquan Chen, Ming Kong
Summary: In this study, functionalized transfersomes were developed to co-deliver doxorubicin and 1MT towards primary tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes via transdermal administration using microneedles. The results showed that the nano-complexed microneedles exhibited a stronger suppression in tumor growth compared to the intravenous group.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
