Article
Oncology
Zhichao Li, Haibo Xu, Lei Yu, Jia Wang, Qian Meng, Hongbing Mei, Zhiming Cai, Wei Chen, Weiren Huang
Summary: This research established an effective three-dimensional culture system for generating kidney cancer organoids and successfully generated 33 organoid lines from different subtypes of kidney cancer. These organoids preserved the histological architecture, mutational landscape, and transcriptional profile of the parental tumor tissues, and revealed inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Additionally, the organoids can be used for drug screening and evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Masahiro Shiihara, Toru Furukawa
Summary: Cell models play a crucial role in the research and development of cancer therapies. Recent advances in patient-derived cancer organoids have provided a valuable platform for studying cancer biology and personalized medicine, particularly in the field of pancreatobiliary cancer.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yuenan Wang, Ye Li, Zonghai Sheng, Weiwei Deng, Hongyan Yuan, Shubin Wang, Yajie Liu
Summary: Patient-derived organoids (PDO) technology provides more relevant cancer models for developing and optimizing therapeutic strategies, especially in combining radiotherapy with other treatments and studying radiation dose escalation. This review introduces the recent advances in PDO technology and personalized radiotherapy, and examines its applications in radiation therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Christine Yee, Kristie-Ann Dickson, Mohammed N. Muntasir, Yue Ma, Deborah J. Marsh
Summary: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignancies. Different histotypes of the cancer respond differently to treatments, with chemoresistance being a key factor in incurable disease. While PARP inhibitors and bevacizumab are currently used in clinical settings, further research is needed to predict patient responses to these drugs effectively.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Hui Yang, Yinuo Wang, Peng Wang, Ning Zhang, Pengyuan Wang
Summary: Organoids are three-dimensional culture systems derived from various types of stem cells, capable of mimicking organ development and pathological processes. By establishing organoid biobanks, representing different stages of diseases such as cancer, intra- and interpatient heterogeneities can be maintained. This technology has the potential to revolutionize drug screening and personalized medicine.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Rachele Rossi, Maria Laura De Angelis, Eljona Xhelili, Giovanni Sette, Adriana Eramo, Ruggero De Maria, Ursula Cesta Incani, Federica Francescangeli, Ann Zeuner
Summary: Lung cancer is a highly complex disease with significant heterogeneity among patients. Organoids generated from lung tumors are valuable tools in cancer research as they can replicate individual tumor characteristics and aid in the study of the disease and the identification of effective therapies.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Takumi Kiwaki, Hiroaki Kataoka
Summary: Three-dimensional culture methods and patient-derived organoids play a crucial role in the study of colorectal cancer, aiding in predicting patient sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and guiding precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anna S. Efimova, Mariya A. Ustimova, Nelly S. Chmelyuk, Maxim A. Abakumov, Yury V. Fedorov, Olga A. Fedorova
Summary: This study synthesized new styryl dyes with N-methylpyridine or N-methylquinoline scaffolds and examined their binding affinity for DNA in cell-free solution. The substitution of heterocyclic residue from pyridine to quinoline and variation in the phenyl part greatly influenced their binding modes, binding affinities, and spectroscopic responses. Biological experiments demonstrated the low toxicity of the synthesized dyes and their ability to selectively stain mitochondria in living cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmad Al Shihabi, Ardalan Davarifar, Huyen Thi Lam Nguyen, Nasrin Tavanaie, Scott D. Nelson, Jane Yanagawa, Noah Federman, Nicholas Bernthal, Francis Hornicek, Alice Soragni
Summary: This study successfully established patient-derived organoids from chordoma tumor samples and identified potential therapeutic targets, providing new directions for chordoma treatment.
Review
Oncology
Raphael S. Werner, Michaela B. Kirschner, Isabelle Opitz
Summary: Research on NSCLC organoids as in vitro models is gaining momentum, offering a more representative and complex system compared to standard two-dimensional cell culture models.
Article
Surgery
Mei Gao, Megan M. Harper, Miranda Lin, Shadi A. Qasem, Reema A. Patel, Samuel H. Mardini, Moamen M. Gabr, Michael J. Cavnar, Prakash K. Pandalai, Joseph Kim
Summary: PDO single-cells are accurate and efficient for rapid clinical drug testing in gastrointestinal cancers, showing similar architecture but smaller and more uniform compared to paired standard PDOs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miriam Ratliff, Hichul Kim, Hao Qi, Minsung Kim, Bosung Ku, Daniel Dominguez Azorin, David Hausmann, Rajiv K. Khajuria, Areeba Patel, Elena Maier, Loic Cousin, Arnaud Ogier, Felix Sahm, Nima Etminan, Lukas Bunse, Frank Winkler, Victoria El-Khoury, Michael Platten, Yong-Jun Kwon
Summary: The genetic and cellular heterogeneity of glioblastoma poses challenges for effective uniform treatment, especially at recurrence. To address this, personalized strategies and stratification of potential targeted therapies within a clinically relevant timeframe are necessary. Functional profiling of drug candidates against patient-derived glioblastoma organoids (PD-GBO) holds promise in preclinically discovering effective personalized treatments. A PD-GBO-based profiling platform was established and successfully identified potential treatment options for three out of four patients in a turnaround time of 13-15 days. This approach proves to be a complement and potentially an alternative to current molecular profiling efforts, providing a clinically relevant time period for personalized treatment discovery. The use of PD-GBO platforms is also warranted for preclinical identification of new drugs against morphological glioblastoma features.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manoj Kumar Gupta, He Peng, Yang Li, Cheng-Jian Xu
Summary: Epigenetics serves as a connection between genetic and environmental factors, and DNA methylation, in particular, has been associated with many immune-related diseases. It has great potential for personalized medicine in disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven D. Forsythe, Richard A. Erali, Preston Laney, Hemamylammal Sivakumar, Wencheng Li, Aleksander Skardal, Shay Soker, Konstantinos Votanopoulos
Summary: This study explores the application of patient tumor organoids (PTOs) in modeling personalized research in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). PTOs and immune enhanced organoids (iPTOs) were established from surgical specimens and treated with chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents. Results showed chemotherapy efficacy in some specimens while immunotherapy was not effective. Resistance to pembrolizumab correlated with the corresponding patient's treatment response. The study demonstrates the feasibility of establishing and immune enhancing MCC PTOs for personalized research and exploration of treatment regimens in the preclinical setting.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franziska Moll, Manuela Spaeth, Katrin Schroeder
Summary: The three-dimensional culture system of intestinal stem cells can simulate the physiological features of the small intestine, which is important for studying the biology of intestinal stem cells, gut homeostasis, and disease development. Using transgenic strategies for conditional knockout or overexpression can provide insights into the effects on enteroids.