Review
Cell Biology
Zahraa S. Hotait, Julia N. Lo Cascio, Elijah N. D. Choos, Blythe D. Shepard
Summary: The renal proximal tubule plays a crucial role in solute reabsorption and glucose metabolism. Understanding these processes helps unravel the mechanisms underlying renal diseases and explore potential therapeutic approaches.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liangkui Li, Haoyu Zhou, Jinhui Wang, Jiaxin Li, Xuchao Lyu, Wenshan Wang, Chengting Luo, He Huang, Dawang Zhou, Xiaowei Chen, Li Xu, Peng Li
Summary: This study reveals that the liver functions as an energy conversion center to maintain blood glucose homeostasis in neonates. Glucose is found to be the universal fuel essential for neonatal life. The limitation of lipid supply in milk leads to severe hypoglycemia and neonatal lethality.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abinaya Rajendran, Amarendranath Soory, Neha Khandelwal, Girish Ratnaparkhi, Siddhesh S. Kamat
Summary: The study reveals the important role of the KDAC ABHD14B in glucose metabolism, particularly in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Knockdown of ABHD14B in mice also leads to defective systemic glucose metabolism.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huawei Wang, Qing Xiong, Guangzhen He, Jun Tang, Li Sun, Siyuan Cheng, Mengting Ke, Shangyu Chen, Yong Hu, Jieyuan Feng, Linyang Song, Beier Tong, Zhengwei Zhang, Zhe Dai, Yancheng Xu
Summary: This study found that IDH2 protein levels were elevated in the livers of obese people and mice with high-fat diet consumption or hepatic steatosis. Liver IDH2-deletion mice were resistant to high-fat dietinduced body weight gain, with lower serum glucose and TG levels, increased insulin sensitivity, and higher FGF21 secretion, despite the higher TG content in the liver. Moreover, overexpression of IDH2 in hepatocytes promoted gluconeogenesis and enhanced glycogenesis.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weixuan Wang, Wenjing Zhan, Mingjie Liang, Yuanfeng Huang, Yuan Liu, Lexun Wang, Weijian Bei, Jiao Guo
Summary: Ginsenoside Rb1, a major active component of Panax ginseng, has beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of Rb1 in T2DM. The results showed that Rb1 improved abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis in T2DM mice. Rb1 treatment increased hepatic STAT3 phosphorylation and reversed the abnormal expressions of glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes. In vitro experiments confirmed that STAT3 activation regulated the expressions of these enzymes. Furthermore, STAT3 inhibition reversed the effects of Rb1 in insulin-resistant cells. This study suggests that Rb1 improves hepatic glucose metabolism in T2DM in a STAT3-dependent manner.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miao Miao, Yongmei Dai, Can Rui, Yuru Fan, Xinyan Wang, Chong Fan, Juan Mu, Wenwen Hou, Zhiyong Dong, Ping Li, Guiju Sun, Xin Zeng
Summary: The study found that inulin improves glucose homeostasis during pregnancy by activating glucose transport through the translocation of GLUT4, likely mediated by decreased expression of RETN and enhanced phosphorylation of IRS and Akt.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sichao Guo, Alexandra Wehbe, Shabber Syed, Melissa Wills, Longfei Guan, Shuyu Lv, Fengwu Li, Xiaokun Geng, Yuchuan Ding
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and severe condition that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a critical role in protein synthesis, trafficking, and maintaining cellular calcium homeostasis. Growing evidence suggests that ER stress contributes to the pathophysiology of stroke. In addition, decreased blood circulation to the brain after stroke impairs ATP production and leads to glucose metabolism disorder. This article discusses the relationship between ER stress and stroke, as well as the intervention and treatment of ER stress after stroke. The role of glucose metabolism, particularly glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, in post-stroke conditions is also examined. Based on recent studies, the potential interplay between glucose metabolism and ER stress is speculated. Overall, this article describes the role of ER stress, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis in stroke and explores how their interaction contributes to the pathophysiology of the condition.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chenghong Sun, Hongbao Liang, Yun Zhao, Shirong Li, Xiangzi Li, Xiaomei Yuan, Guoliang Cheng, Yongkang Zhang, Mingfei Liu, Yongxia Guan, Jingchun Yao, Guimin Zhang
Summary: JFG effectively treats OVA/aluminum hydroxide-induced skin lesions and inflammation in mice through modulating the LKB1/AMPK/SIRT1 axis.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Song, Zaccheaus Pazamilala Akonyani, Ying Li, Deqiqige Su, Lantuya Wu, Yue Pang, Sile Hu, Dubala Wu, Chun Li, Ding Yang, Jianghong Wu
Summary: The study compared the effects of high fiber, low protein and low fiber, high protein diets on DNA methylation profile and gene expression in twin lambs, identifying differentially methylated regions and genes, as well as differentially expressed genes related to glycolysis pathways. The results showed significant differences in gene expression, especially for HOMER1 and FOXO1 between the two diet groups, suggesting a potential correlation between gene expression and methylation levels. The study highlighted the importance of feed type in regulating muscle energy metabolism and provided insights into the interaction pathways related to glycolysis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Fernandez-Caggiano, Philip Eaton
Summary: The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) plays a crucial role in determining the fate of pyruvate in cells, with decreased expression contributing to lactate accumulation in the cytosol. Reduced MPC abundance has also been observed in failing hearts, suggesting a potential causal role in heart failure progression.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pei Chen, Xiufeng Wu, Xu Gu, Juan Han, Min Xue, Xiaofang Liang
Summary: FoxO1 gene from largemouth bass was cloned and characterized, finding its expression in various tissues, especially in the brain and liver. Insulin improved glucose metabolism by activating the AKT-FoxO1 pathway to decrease hyperglycemia stress after the meal.
GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Azadehalsadat Hosseini Dastgerdi, Mohammadreza Sharifi, Nepton Soltani
Summary: The study found that GABA can reduce liver insulin resistance in both parents with type 2 diabetes and their offspring by improving insulin sensitivity, increasing liver glycogen levels, and decreasing lipid profile and blood glucose levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
X. P. Jing, W. J. Wang, A. A. Degen, Y. M. Guo, J. P. Kang, P. P. Liu, L. M. Ding, Z. H. Shang, J. W. Zhou, R. J. Long
Summary: This study compared the energy substrate metabolism of Tibetan sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep under different dietary energy densities, revealing that Tibetan sheep have advantages in coping with low energy intake and regulating whole-body energy homeostasis in the harsh environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lanqing Li, Haiying Xu, Linghang Qu, Kang Xu, Xianqiong Liu
Summary: Daidzin (DDZ), a natural compound extracted from soybean, has shown therapeutic potential against hepatocellular carcinoma cells. This study elucidates the mechanisms behind its therapeutic effects, including the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis-related genes and the influence on the glycolysis pathway.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yan Tao, Jingyuan Zhao, Jilong Yin, Zixin Zhou, Huijie Li, Jinhao Zang, Tianci Wang, Yalin Wang, Chun Guo, Faliang Zhu, Shen Dai, Fuwu Wang, Hui Zhao, Haiting Mao, Fengming Liu, Lining Zhang, Qun Wang
Summary: The study reveals that hepatocyte TIPE2 plays a crucial role in fasting, sustaining hepatic gluconeogenesis and preventing excessive hepatic lipid accumulation by interacting with Raf-1.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Muhammad Tariq, Nadia Hussain, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Amal H. I. Al Haddad, Amira S. A. Said, Adel Al Fateasej, Ali Alamri, Awaji Y. Safhi, Fahad Y. Sabei, Ahmed Abdullah Al Awad, Musaddique Hussain
Summary: In this study, it was found that lapatinib effectively suppressed the expression of IL_13-induced M2 polarized macrophages surface markers and downregulated M2 genes related to tumor progression. Lapatinib also inhibited the invasion and migration of cancer cells mediated by M2 polarized macrophages. Mechanistically, lapatinib inhibited IL-13 triggered STAT6 phosphorylation. In the mouse model, lapatinib significantly reduced tumorigenesis and downregulated M2 markers in the tumor.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francis Victor, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Sumbal Rasheed, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed Ali Assiri
Summary: Omega-3 fatty acids are important dietary components necessary for normal growth and development. They possess therapeutic activities against various diseases but are prone to oxidation, reducing their efficacy. To overcome this problem, novel drug delivery approaches have been developed to enhance stability and maximize therapeutic potential of omega-3 fatty acids.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Rida Siddique, Malik Hassan Mehmood, Liaqat Hussain, Abdul Malik, Ayesha Sethi, Maryam Farrukh, Shaneel Kousar
Summary: Burn management is a complex process involving multiple phases of wound healing. The use of medicinal plants and phytochemicals as alternative agents for burn wound management shows promise due to their biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and cultural acceptance. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of 35 medicinal herbs and 10 phytochemicals in burn wound healing, including their mechanisms of action such as modulation of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. The review also emphasizes the need for efficacious alternative agents to combat the high cost of synthetic drugs and antibiotic resistance.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abdullah Salah Alanazi, Sumbal Rasheed, Kanwal Rehman, Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Nasser Hadal Alotaibi, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea, Nida Tanveer, Yusra Habib Khan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between KLF14 rs4731702 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidemia in different ethnic populations. The findings suggest that individuals with the C allele of KLF14 rs4731702 exhibit compromised insulin sensitivity, decreased HDL-C and ApoA1 levels, and increased serum glucose, TG, and LDL-C concentrations in T2DM patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Momina Shahid, Kanwal Rehman, Yusra Habib Khan, Abdullah Salah Alanazi, Nasser Hadal Alotaibi, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Muhammad Hammad Butt
Summary: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease caused by coronary artery blockage, leading to cardiac muscle death. The etiology of MI involves environmental, occupational, and genetic factors. Previous studies have shown that different variants of the MTHFR gene are responsible for MI by impacting folate and homocysteine metabolism. This study focuses on investigating the genetic polymorphism of MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) and its association with MI in the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor. The study found that the T/T homozygous genotype of MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) was significantly associated with MI in patients with DM as a risk factor.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Adnan Karim, Fareeha Anwar, Uzma Saleem, Saniya Fatima, Tariq Ismail, Ahmad J. Obaidullah, Rana O. Khayat, Moneerah J. Alqahtani, Ifat Alsharif, Haroon Khan, Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz, Muhammad Ajmal Shah
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the curative effect of antioxidants on aggression in male mice. The results showed that both ALA and silymarin had therapeutic effects on aggressive behavior by down-regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. In addition, ALA also had a notable effect on plasma testosterone levels. In conclusion, ALA is more effective than silymarin in attenuating aggression in mice.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Mutayyba Fatima, Kanwal Rehman, Qudsia Rehman, Zunera Chauhdary, Ahmed Nadeem, Tahir Maqbool Mir
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the disruptions of metabolic pathways induced by bisphenol A (BPA) and explore the potential therapeutic intervention provided by resveratrol (RSV) in mitigating these disruptions through the modulation of biochemical pathways. The results revealed that BPA exposure significantly increased the serum levels of various biomarkers and gene expressions associated with metabolic disorders, while RSV treatment effectively reduced these alterations and restored normal metabolic function. The findings suggest that RSV shows promise as a therapeutic intervention for BPA-induced metabolic disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Syed Muhammad Shoaib, Samina Afzal, Ali Feezan, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Ahmed Nadeem, Tahir Maqbool Mir
Summary: Our study investigated the effects of arsenic-induced metabolic disorders, specifically disruptions in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. We also assessed the potential therapeutic effects of resveratrol as a remedy for arsenic-induced diabetes. The findings showed significant changes in glucose levels, insulin resistance, inflammatory biomarkers, and liver and kidney function in mice exposed to arsenic. Additionally, enzyme levels related to carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress biomarkers were reduced in the arsenic-exposed group. The study also observed alterations in gene expression related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as decreases in certain amino acids in arsenic-exposed mice. Metabolomics analysis identified disruptions in lipid metabolomes, amino acids, and arsenic metabolites. Histopathological observations revealed significant changes in liver architecture in the arsenic-exposed group.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Azka Yaqoob, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. A. Assiri, Fatema Al-Rashed, Fahd Al-Mulla, Rasheed Ahmad, Sardar Sindhu
Summary: Heavy metals are highly toxic compounds found in the earth's crust. Their environmental levels are consistently rising above permissible limits, causing disruption of metabolism and altered gene or protein expression. Metabolomics, a state-of-the-art analytical tool, is used to investigate the mechanisms of metabolic impairment caused by heavy metal toxicities. It plays a key role in identifying perturbations in lipid and amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress in metabolic impairment. The applications of metabolomics in meeting emerging needs are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Komal Jabeen, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Ahmed Nadeem, Tahir Maqbool Mir
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of metformin and vitamin E against AlCl3-induced neuroinflammation and cardiometabolic disturbances. The results showed that the combination therapy of metformin and vitamin E significantly reduced glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and increased insulin and high-density lipoprotein levels. Moreover, the combination therapy preserved neuronal structures and normal morphology in brain, heart, and pancreatic tissues.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammed A. Assiri, Akbar Ali, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Usman Khan, Khalid Ahmed, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Muhammad Akhtar Abbas, Athar Javed, Muhammad Suleman, Muhammad Khalid, Ishtiaq Hussain
Summary: The synthesis of three lauric acid-based hydrazones was carried out and their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated. The results showed that NBDH exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, while FBDH showed the highest anticancer activity. Molecular simulation analysis confirmed the potential of these compounds for biological, electronic, and nonlinear optical applications.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Sumbal Rasheed, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. Assiri
Summary: This article discusses the harmful effects of bisphenols on various body systems and mechanisms, as well as their biotransformation processes in organisms and ecosystems. It emphasizes preventive measures to avoid bisphenol exposure and highlights the potential use of plant-based bioactive compounds as therapeutic strategies. The findings contribute to a better understanding of bisphenol research and the development of safer practices and interventions to safeguard public health.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Moazzama Akbar, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. Assiri
Summary: Currently, only a few cholinesterase inhibitor drugs are effective in relieving symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but they do not treat the underlying causes and have adverse effects. Berberine has shown therapeutic potential against AD, and this study evaluated its activity in an AD rat model. The results showed that both pure berberine (PB) and berberine-enriched extract (BEE) had neuroprotective effects and improved cognitive function in the rats, suggesting their potential as treatments for AD. However, further clinical trials are needed to assess their efficacy and safety.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kanwal Rehman, Ammara Afzaal, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. Assiri
Summary: The self-regulation mechanism of the cytokine channel involves the synthesis of antagonistic cytokines that connect to receptors and release soluble cytokine receptors. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is the first naturally occurring receptor antagonist of cytokine. IL-1Ra protein is obtained from cultured monocyte supernatants. IL-1 family includes IL-1a, IL-1β, and IL-1Ra. IL-Ra is involved in normal physiological functions and acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. IL-Ra is synthesized in tissues during active disease and can be measured or estimated. Maintenance of IL-Ra and IL-1 levels is crucial for host resistance during diseased conditions. This article focuses on the synthesis and functions of IL-Ra in activated inflammatory responses.
Article
Biology
Momina Shahid, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Haleem Suhail, Sumbal Rasheed, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. Assiri
Summary: Genetic polymorphism plays a vital role in the pathogenesis and development of myocardial infarction (MI), as a single nucleotide polymorphism in an amino acid sequence can lead to a diseased state. Multiple positions within a single gene can exhibit genetic polymorphism, resulting in different variants. Genetic polymorphisms of AGT M235T, AGT T174M, ACE I/D, eNOS, and MTHFR can be risk factors for MI. However, it is crucial to investigate the prevalence of these genetic polymorphisms in different populations.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weizhuo Lu, Zhiwu Chen, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and serious disease, and neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in its progression. Microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells are involved in the complicated neuroinflammation cascade, releasing different molecules that affect inflammation. Flavonoids, plant-specific compounds, have shown protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury by modulating the inflammatory responses.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2024)