Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yue Wang, Enjian Yao, Long Pan
Summary: This study analyzed the factors influencing EV drivers' charging choices and proposed charging influence models and choice behavior models. Results revealed two decision-making patterns among EV drivers: service-concerned and pragmatic-concerned, suggesting the need for reliable high-quality charging services to attract more EV drivers.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yanni Wan, Jiahu Qin, Qichao Ma, Weiming Fu, Shi Wang
Summary: This paper focuses on the problem of charging/discharging scheduling of plug-in electric vehicles in a smart grid. It considers the satisfaction of users with the state of charge and the degradation cost of batteries. The objective is to minimize the energy cost of all vehicles while ensuring their charging needs. The paper proposes a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach to solve the problem and demonstrates its effectiveness through comparison with benchmark solutions.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Toni Simolin, Kalle Rauma, Antti Rautiainen, Pertti Jarventausta
Summary: This paper investigates two methods, phase reconfiguration and phase-specific control, to address congestion issues in charging sites. Extensive simulations show that these methods have the potential to increase charging energy and improve the quality of charging service, particularly in highly congested sites. The results also indicate the greater benefits of phase-specific control in congested sites, and discourage the use of perfectly balanced three-phase loading assumption in future studies.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Konstantinos D. Afentoulis, Zafeirios N. Bampos, Stylianos I. Vagropoulos, Stratos D. Keranidis, Pantelis N. Biskas
Summary: The large-scale charging of plug-in electric vehicles without control can have negative effects on electricity networks. Smart charging, which flexibly and coordinately manages the charging process, offers a promising solution with benefits for system operators and electric vehicle users. This paper proposes a novel Business Model Framework for Electric Vehicle Aggregators (EVAs) to effectively manage the complex smart charging process. The framework focuses on value proposition, creation and delivery, and value capture, enabling EVAs to unlock the untapped potential of flexible charging in electricity markets.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yilong Ren, Zhengxing Lan, Haiyang Yu, Gangxin Jiao
Summary: This study proposes agent-based trip chain model and nested logit model to accurately analyze and predict the charging behaviors of BEVs based on real-world data. The research shows that most BEVs do not require chain charging during one-day trips and users generally have moderate range psychology before departure. People tend to adopt fast charging strategy for longer travels. Start moment SOC, consumed SOC, travel distance, speed and weather, as well as last charging status, are significant factors for both slow charging and fast charging.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mike F. Voss, Steven P. Haveman, Gerrit Maarten Bonnema
Summary: Current EV charging systems have limited smart functionality, with most research focusing on grid load-balancing. This article introduces a VeCS model to support the early design of a smart charging system, with a focus on adaptive charging speeds and charging point management. Simulation algorithms are developed to assess system performance based on operational costs, CO2 emissions, and employee satisfaction.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Catalina Dominguez, Agustin Dona, Alejandro Navarro-Espinosa
Summary: One way to encourage the usage of electric vehicles is to reduce the connection time by using higher-powered charging points at home. However, this could stress the grid beyond its limits. Therefore, it is important to assess the increase in power demand and find ways to minimize it. An EV charging coordination model is developed to compare the impact of slow and fast-charging plans on system demand. The results show that coordination can effectively manage the aggregate effects of fast-charging events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Giacomo Falchetta, Michel Noussan
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the EV charging network in Europe, revealing the development and inequalities within the charging station network. It highlights the challenges and opportunities for mass EV adoption in Europe.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zachary J. Lee, George Lee, Ted Lee, Cheng Jin, Rand Lee, Zhi Low, Daniel Chang, Christine Ortega, Steven H. Low
Summary: The Adaptive Charging Network (ACN) utilizes a flexible Adaptive Scheduling Algorithm to tackle practical challenges in charging systems, consistently outperforming baseline algorithms in delivering energy in highly congested systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Song Deng, Junjie Wang, Li Tao, Su Zhang, Hongwei Sun
Summary: Precise EV charging load forecasting is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and economic operation of EV charging stations. Existing models have limitations in terms of data requirements and handling noisy data. To address these issues, we propose a novel model based on gene expression programming that incorporates noise load processing for improved accuracy.
COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Toni Simolin, Kalle Rauma, Riku Viri, Johanna Makinen, Antti Rautiainen, Pertti Jarventausta
Summary: This paper thoroughly analyses the current state of maximum charging powers of on-board chargers for electric vehicles using data from commercial charging sites. The results predict a significant increase in energy consumption and peak power in commercial locations due to the evolution of the EV fleet, providing essential guidance for long-term decisions on charging infrastructure and parking policies.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yujie Qin, Mustafa A. Kishk, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Summary: This paper analyzes a strategy for sharing wireless charging infrastructure in UAV and EV networks. By charging UAVs in EV charging stations and paying for the sharing fee, the EV sharing infrastructure can earn extra profit but may slightly reduce service quality. For UAVs, if renting EV charging stations can achieve acceptable system performance, they may not need to build their dedicated charging stations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qiao Ma, Xiangqian Tong, Jingjing Huang, Peng Wang, Junhuai Li
Summary: A novel forecast method considering drivers' psychological bearing ability (PBA) is proposed to predict EVs' nodal charging demand, showing that PBA significantly affects charging decisions and spatial-temporal distribution of charging power demand. The impact of drivers' PBA on charging power has a close relation with the initial battery level (IBL) of EVs.
IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Dong Wang, Feixiong Liao, Ziyou Gao, Qiong Tian
Summary: This study analyzes the charging behavioral responses of private EV travelers to charging services during out-of-home activities and proposes operating policies to improve the accessibility of charging services.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hassan Obeid, Ayse Tugba Ozturk, Wente Zeng, Scott J. Moura
Summary: This paper introduces a framework for optimizing the pricing policy of electric vehicle charging by learning and shaping human behavior. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated through behavioral experiments and simulations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmad Rafiee, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This paper investigates the potential role of electricity interconnectors between Great Britain and France in 2030, analyzing their power exchange and wholesale electricity prices using a linear programming optimization model. The study found that in 2030, GB will trade 33 TWh of electricity with France through interconnectors, indicating a significant impact on improving supply security.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alexandre Canet, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This study presents a method for estimating the heat demand of different types of dwellings and determining an optimal heat supply mix for a local area. The results indicate that significant financial support is needed for low carbon heating technologies to play a major role in decarbonizing heat supply.
Article
Energy & Fuels
William Seward, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This study investigates the exchange of electricity between distributed battery storage and the national power system using a Bilevel optimization approach that considers the independent operating objectives of the battery storage systems. Results show that the Centralized optimization approach tends to overestimate the value of distributed battery storage, while the retail contract structure plays a key role in maximizing the value of distributed battery storage for the national power system.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Modassar Chaudry, Lahiru Jayasuriya, Simon Blainey, Milan Lovric, Jim W. Hall, Tom Russell, Nick Jenkins, Jianzhong Wu
Summary: The decarbonisation of heating and road transport are necessary but challenging steps towards achieving net zero carbon emissions. An integrated modeling approach combining national gas and electricity transmission networks with local energy systems and road transport models shows significant potential for efficiency improvements and cost savings, particularly through managed electric vehicle charging and provision of fast public charging facilities. Decarbonisation efforts require coordination between national and local governments and an integrated systems approach to energy and transport policies.
Article
Economics
Modassar Chaudry, Lahiru Jayasuriya, Nick Jenkins
Summary: The study utilized an integrated model to analyze carbon reduction strategies for the Oxford-Cambridge arc region energy system, highlighting the cost-effectiveness and emission reduction potential of electrification of heat.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinlei Chen, Wenlong Ming, Carlos E. Ugalde-Loo, Sheng Wang, Nick Jenkins
Summary: In this article, a small-signal model-based analysis is conducted to uncover the cause of dc voltage imbalance in cascaded 3L-NPC converters. Two voltage balancing methods are proposed, one based on PI controllers and the other based on inverse-droop control. Experimental validation demonstrates the effectiveness of both methods in balancing the dc voltages of SMs under changing load conditions and dc bus voltages.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Canet, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins, Jianzhong Wu
Summary: This paper describes a method to produce data that quantifies the impacts of residential heat decarbonisation on the energy supply infrastructure in England and Wales. It estimates the annual heat demand for different types of dwellings and quantifies the energy savings and costs of potential energy efficiency measures. The study creates profiles for heat production and energy demand using average daily temperature and trial project data to analyze the impacts of different heating technologies in each area under user-defined decarbonisation pathways.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohamed A. Abdelrahman, Peng Yang, Wenlong Ming, Jianzhong Wu, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This study investigates a modified topology of a UPFC suitable for medium voltage distribution networks, which does not require an interfacing transformer and offers smaller size, lighter weight, and lower cost. It has the ability to independently control active and reactive power.
IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
William Seward, Meysam Qadrdan, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This study presents a linear optimization approach to account for the participation of battery storage systems in the wholesale day-ahead electricity market and multiple frequency response services. The results show that local energy systems can decrease their operating costs and improve the viability of battery storage investment by stacking multiple revenues, while reducing degradation and increasing lifetime.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohamed A. Abdelrahman, Sheng Wang, Wenlong Ming, Jianzhong Wu, Nick Jenkins
Summary: A transformer-less UPFC is a power electronic device that uses series and shunt voltage source converters to control power flow in MV distribution networks. This study investigates its operating range and required power ratings. The results show that it can provide active power control using partially rated converters, but its abilities in reactive power control are limited by the converters' current ratings. The analysis is verified using software simulation and hardware experiment.
IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Modassar Chaudry, Lahiru Jayasuriya, Jim W. Hall, Nick Jenkins, Nick Eyre, Sven Eggimann
Summary: Energy system models lack sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to capture the implications of decentralized energy supply and storage. We developed a high-resolution system-of-systems modeling framework to bridge this gap and simulate the performance differences of decarbonized energy systems in Great Britain in 2050. Our simulation showed that decentralized operation improves flexibility and maximizes the utilization of renewables, reducing carbon-intensive generation and the need for expanding electricity transmission network capacity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weiqi Hua, Yue Zhou, Meysam Qadrdan, Jianzhong Wu, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This paper proposes a blockchain-based peer-to-peer trading architecture that integrates negotiation-based auction and pricing mechanisms to improve local energy balance and reduce electricity costs for individual consumers. The flexibility provision from residential heating systems enhances the responsiveness of prosumers to retail electricity prices.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Qikun Chen, Yongning Zhao, Meysam Qadrdan, Nicholas Jenkins
Summary: This study investigates the optimal operation of gas-driven and electric-driven compressors to minimize the operating cost of a gas network. The results demonstrate the potential for cost reduction and emission reduction through coordinated operation of these compressors.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hector Bastida, Carlos E. Ugalde-Loo, Muditha Abeysekera, Nick Jenkins
Summary: This paper presents a one-dimensional discretised dynamic model of an ice-based thermal energy storage (TES) tank, which is simple and portable, allowing its implementation in any programming language, facilitating the simulation and analysis of complex cooling systems.
IET ENERGY SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Sathsara Abeysinghe, Mohamed A. Abdelrahman, Chris Wickins, Jianzhong Wu, Nick Jenkins
Summary: The study shows that regulating the reactive power by distributed generators can affect the reactive power in the transmission and distribution systems. In practical networks, when distributed generators connected to the distribution network absorb reactive power, there will be a multiplier of around 110% in the reactive power drawn from the transmission system; similarly, if the distributed generators export reactive power, the multiplier is around 90%.
2021 IEEE PES INNOVATIVE SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY EUROPE (ISGT EUROPE 2021)
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.
