Article
Thermodynamics
Piyush Rawat, Ahmad Faizan Ashwni, Ahmad Faizan Sherwani
Summary: This article presents a numerical analysis on enhancing the melting process of phase change material (PCM) in a rectangular enclosure using flanged fins (T-shaped). The study examines various cases based on fin length ratio (Lu/Ld) and material with no-fin PCM enclosure. Copper (Cu) fins with a low Lu/Ld ratio of 0.25 result in the highest PCM melting rate and reduced total melting time (tm) compared to the no-fin PCM enclosure. The optimization concludes that a single flanged fin placed at the lower end of the container with a flanged to web ratio (Lf/Lu, d) of 0.55 has the minimum tm and cost per mean power (Cpw).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohamed Boujelbene, S. A. M. Mehryan, Amira M. Hussin, Talal Yusaf, Mohammad Shahabadi, Mohammad Ghalambaz
Summary: This research examines the melting characteristics of nano-enhanced, non-Newtonian PCMs-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The study found that enclosure geometry, nanoparticle concentration, and trapezoidal angle have a significant influence on the melting dynamics and heat transfer process. Additionally, changing trapezoidal angles and nanoparticle concentrations can greatly affect melting time.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rafal Andrzejczyk, Tomasz Muszynski, Tomasz Kowalczyk, Muhammad Saqib
Summary: Thermal energy storage (TES) is becoming increasingly important in automotive applications, as it can effectively reduce energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and improve thermal comfort in electric and hybrid vehicles. This paper focuses on the optimization of key coil designing parameters for TES in plug-in electric vehicles, in order to meet the ambitious target of reducing CO2 emissions by 15% in new cars by 2025. Both experimental and CFD results were used to optimize coil geometrical parameters, and a prototype of TES in the form of a honeycomb battery of individual modules was proposed. The results showed that increasing the diameter and pitch of the coil reduced melting and solidification time, and the optimization was applicable for TES with hexagonal shell geometry as well.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi, Amin Hosseinian-Sorkhi, Muslum Arici
Summary: In this study, the effect of natural convection caused by immiscible intermediate fluid on the melting process in a horizontal shell-and-tube latent heat storage is investigated numerically. The study is divided into two parts, with the first part analyzing a simple 2D latent heat storage system with varying volume proportions of water as the intermediate fluid. The second part examines the effect of the number and arrangement of heat transfer fluid channels. The results show that the case with 50% of the storage volume capacity filled by water saves the maximum energy, and the system with four heat transfer fluid tubes arranged in a diamond pattern absorbs the highest amount of energy.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aissa Abderrahmane, Naef A. A. Qasem, Abed Mourad, Mohammad Al-Khaleel, Zafar Said, Kamel Guedri, Obai Younis, Riadh Marzouki
Summary: Phase change materials (PCMs) have attracted great attention for thermal energy storage. Using PCM and a modified tube design in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger can enhance thermal performance and melting properties while reducing carbon footprint. The addition of copper nanoparticles improves thermal conductivity and melting rate. Factors such as nanoparticle concentration and fin length also have an impact on the results.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmed Saad Soliman, Ahmed A. Sultan, Mohamed A. Sultan
Summary: This study experimentally and numerically investigated the melting process of paraffin wax in storage capsules of different shapes. The results showed that the shape of the storage capsule and the value of A(mush) greatly influence the melting process of the PCM.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qianjun Mao, Kaili Chen, Tao Li
Summary: Rectangular shell-tube thermal storage systems are widely used in industrial waste heat recovery and solar power plants. This study experimentally investigated the thermal behavior of a visualized rectangular shell-tube type phase-change heat storage device and analyzed the impact of inlet temperature, flow rate of the heat transfer fluid, and length-to-diameter ratio of the heat flow tube on the efficiency of the system. The research results have significant implications for the utilization of energy storage systems.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sultan M. Alghamdi, Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Meshari A. Al-Ebrahim, Hussein A. Z. AL-bonsrulah, Amira M. Hussin
Summary: This research investigates the melting phenomenon in a container with two different fin lengths (L*). The combination of RT35 and Cu nanoparticles is proposed as a nano-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM). The effects of adding Cu, L*, and Stefan number (Ste) are studied, using a computational approach based on a structural mesh for simulation. The results show that higher Ste and lower L* lead to more effective melting. The addition of 4% Cu nanoparticles to the pure PCM increases the liquid fraction (LF) by 15.80% after 900 seconds in a tube with L* = 5 and Ste = 0.17.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jan Skovajsa, Pavel Drabek, Stanislav Sehnalek, Martin Zalesak
Summary: This article discusses the possibility of using PCMs in cooling ceiling systems to reduce air temperature fluctuations and energy demands. A prototype was designed and tested, and simulations were performed to validate the results. The proposed solution successfully reduces temperature peaks and saves energy.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luis Gonzalez-Fernandez, Angel Serrano, Elena Palomo, Yaroslav Grosu
Summary: In this study, a polymeric anticorrosion coating based on nanoparticles was evaluated for carbon steel and stainless steel in solar salt environment at temperatures of 390℃ and 565℃, respectively. The coated samples showed a more homogeneous corrosion layer and reduced corrosion compared to uncoated samples. The inclusion of alumina nanoparticles into the corrosion scale and their reaction with stainless steel to form mixed oxides were confirmed by SEM-EDX and XRD analysis. ICP analysis was used to examine the molten salts. These findings suggest the potential of using nanoparticle-based anticorrosion coatings for high-temperature molten salt applications.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
R. Deepak Selvakumar, Jian Wu, Yulong Ding, Ahmed K. Alkaabi
Summary: A numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the melting process of an organic phase change material (PCM) in a square thermal energy storage (TES) capsule with high voltage wire electrodes. The study explored the effect of electric field direction on the melting process under different grounded wall configurations. The results showed that electric field generated small vortices that influenced the melt interface, velocity distribution, and overall melting performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anuwat Jirawattanapanit, Aissa Abderrahmane, Abe Mourad, Kamel Guedri, Obai Younis, Belgacem Bouallegue, Khanyaluck Subkrajang, Grienggrai Rajchakit, Nehad Ali Shah
Summary: Thermal energy storage using phase transition materials is a popular technology. This study focuses on improving the weak thermal conductivity of these materials by researching different thermal enhancement techniques. A numerical model is developed to investigate the effects of using fins and nano-enhanced phase change materials. The study finds that using nano-enhanced phase change materials can significantly reduce the time required for total melting in a thermal energy storage system.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuai Zhang, Yuying Yan, Yingai Jin, Yang Gao
Summary: In this study, the energy storage performance of ceramic foam-enhanced molten salt in a shell-and-tube unit is investigated. The effects of ceramic foam configurations such as the filling height, porosity and outer diameter are studied. The results show that the enhancement performance is remarkable when the ceramic foam reaches the inner tube, while it is insignificant in the case of below the inner tube. The study suggests that ceramic foam can serve as a suitable thermal enhancer for molten salt in high-temperature solar thermal energy storage applications due to its corrosion resistance and cost advantage.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sameh E. Ahmed, Shaaban A. Bakr, Z. Z. Rashed, Zehba A. S. Raizah
Summary: Using high latent heat substances, such as phase change materials, is an effective technique for energy storage. This study aims to investigate the time-dependent fractional melting process in inclined containers filled with Nanoparticles-enhanced Phase-Change Materials (NePCM) using the enthalpy-porosity model. The findings show that the order of the fractional derivatives has a greater influence at higher Fourier numbers, with the melting interface points moving towards the heated wall as the order of the fractional derivatives decreases.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jalal M. Jalil, Salih M. Salih
Summary: This paper analyzes the performance of double glazed windows filled with paraffin wax in Baghdad, Iraq, aiming to evaluate the improvement in thermal comfort. The results show that the temperature of the double glazed window is significantly reduced compared to the single glass window on different floors, with reductions of 8, 6, and 5 degrees Celsius.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Antonio M. Pantaleo, Sergio M. Camporeale, Arianna Sorrentino, Adio Miliozzi, Nilay Shah, Christos N. Markides
Article
Thermodynamics
Francesco Fornarelli, Sergio Mario Camporeale, Bernardo Fortunato
Summary: This study investigates convection within a LHTES shell-and-tube device filled with PCM using numerical simulations. Specific zones within the PCM are highlighted, with melting predominantly occurring in the top part. The results provide detailed insights into the melting process and can support the development of design solutions for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in similar devices.
HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
F. Fornarelli, S. M. Camporeale
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dhinesh Thanganadar, Francesco Fornarelli, Sergio Camporeale, Faisal Asfand, Kumar Patchigolla
Summary: The study focuses on the off-design performance of a recompression sCO(2) cycle under variable ambient temperature, molten-salt inlet temperature, and molten-salt flow rate, while comparing the operation in maximum power mode and maximum efficiency mode. Results show that operating in maximum power mode can increase the capacity factor of concentrated solar power by 10.8%, while operating in maximum efficiency mode reduces the number of start-ups by about 50%.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Adio Miliozzi, Franco Dominici, Mauro Candelori, Elisabetta Veca, Raffaele Liberatore, Daniele Nicolini, Luigi Torre
Summary: Utilizing concrete-based heat storage material with a small amount of shape-stabilized phase change material (PCM) can improve energy storage efficiency, enabling storage of energy as both sensible and latent heat. By enhancing thermal properties, particularly energy density, more compact and economically feasible thermal energy storage systems can be developed to operate within a temperature range of approximately 150-350 degrees C.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Franco Dominici, Adio Miliozzi, Luigi Torre
Summary: The use of phase change materials (PCM) and shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCM) has great potential in thermal energy storage, allowing for efficient utilization of solar energy resources. This study investigated the use of four inexpensive shape stabilizers and two molten salts as PCM, demonstrating good stability and thermal storage performance in various combinations. These materials show promise for efficient use in thermal energy storage systems, whether used individually or inserted into suitable matrices.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Michele Stefanizzi, Tommaso Capurso, Giovanni Filomeno, Marco Torresi, Giuseppe Pascazio
Summary: The article introduces the increasing awareness of the impact of climate change and global warming on daily life, with a focus on the main responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions being the combustion of fossil fuels. Current research in gas turbine fuels and combustion techniques is centered around biofuels and technologies that improve efficiency and reduce emissions, with the potential for a rapid transition to zero emissions energy generation in the future.
Article
Thermodynamics
Dhinesh Thanganadar, Francesco Fornarelli, Sergio Camporeale, Faisal Asfand, Jonathon Gillard, Kumar Patchigolla
Summary: Integration of thermal energy storage with CSP plant can stabilize energy generation; sCO(2) cycles reduce cost and design guidelines aid in optimal cycle selection.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Francesco Cutrignelli, Gianmarco Saponaro, Michele Stefanizzi, Marco Torresi, Sergio Mario Camporeale
Summary: A study on applying regenerative braking technology to diesel-powered railway vehicles to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. Through simulations and experiments, it was found that regenerative braking can save 20% of fuel, reduce CO2 emissions by 22.3 kg, and store 23.25 kWh of electrical energy at the end of the trip.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Francesco Fornarelli, Lorenzo Dambrosio, Sergio Mario Camporeale, Luigi Terlizzi
Summary: In this paper, a new multi-objective optimization procedure is proposed for the design of a shell-and-tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES). The optimization considers the number of tubes, tube internal radius, and device height-to-diameter ratio, while keeping the storage volume constant. The proposed procedure leads to significant improvements in storage performances by evaluating new solutions along the most promising directions in the design variables domain.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vito Ceglie, Michele Stefanizzi, Tommaso Capurso, Francesco Fornarelli, Sergio M. Camporeale
Summary: Hydrogen plays a crucial role in the decarbonization of the combustion sector, but technical issues like thermoacoustic instability must be addressed. This study proposes a methodology combining CFD and FEM to investigate the fluid dynamic and thermoacoustic behavior in a burner fueled by hydrogen. The results show that in a hydrogen-air mixture, the time delay decreases and heat release rate increases.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Michele Stefanizzi, Sergio Mario Camporeale, Marco Torresi
Summary: Despite years of research and efforts in the development of marine energy, it still has a minor role in the global energy scenario. Among various marine technologies, wave energy harvesting, particularly through Oscillating Water Column (OWC) systems coupled with Wells turbines, shows great potential. However, Wells turbines are affected by dynamic stall, causing significant effects on performance, fatigue, noise, and structural integrity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.
