期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOCHEMISTRY, VOL 88
卷 88, 期 -, 页码 137-162出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111315
关键词
DNA polymerase; genome stability; mechanism; mutagenesis; repair; structure
资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [ZIAES050159, ZIAES050158, ZIAES050161] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES050159, Z01 ES050158] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR001081] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01 ES050159, Z01 ES050158] Funding Source: Medline
Genomic DNA is susceptible to endogenous and environmental stresses that modify DNA structure and its coding potential. Correspondingly, cells have evolved intricate DNA repair systems to deter changes to their genetic material. Base excision DNA repair involves a number of enzymes and protein cofactors that hasten repair of damaged DNA bases. Recent advances have identified macromolecular complexes that assemble at the DNA lesion and mediate repair. The repair of base lesions generally requires five enzymatic activities: glycosylase, endonuclease, lyase, polymerase, and ligase. The protein cofactors and mechanisms for coordinating the sequential enzymatic steps of repair are being revealed through a range of experimental approaches. We discuss the enzymes and protein cofactors involved in eukaryotic base excision repair, emphasizing the challenge of integrating findings from multiple methodologies. The results provide an opportunity to assimilate biochemical findings with cell-based assays to uncover new insights into this deceptively complex repair pathway.
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