期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 11, 期 31, 页码 27536-27547出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07804
关键词
nanoparticle; immunoactivities; radiosensitization; tumor microenvironment; dendritic cells; polysaccharides; bismuth
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31771104, 81373950, 81401511]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
Radiotherapy is a traditional method for cancer therapy but may become ineffective likely due to the radiation-induced immunosuppression. Instead of simply increasing the radiation dose, reactivation of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment is an alternative strategy for successful cancer treatment. In this work, we synthesized bismuth sulfide nanoparticles (BiNP) and conjugated with immunoactive Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP). GLP-BiNP were able to increase the sensitivity of radiotherapy, attributing to the efficient X-ray absorption of bismuth element. BiNP alone can mildly activate dendritic cells (DC) in vitro, while GLP-BiNP further enhanced the level of DC maturation, shown as the increase in phenotypic maturation markers, cytokine release, acid phosphatase activity, and T cell proliferation in DC/T cell co-culture. Compared to BiNP, GLP-BiNP altered the tissue distribution with faster accumulation in the tumor. Meanwhile, mature DC greatly increased in both tumor and spleen by GLPBiNP within 24 h. GLP-BiNP combination with radiation achieved remarkable inhibition of tumor growth through apoptosis. Alternatively, lung metastasis was largely prohibited by GLP-BiNP, shown as a reduced amount of tumor nodules and cancer cell invasion by pathological findings. Mechanistically, GLP-BiNP altered the tumor immunosuppression microenvironment by preferably increasing the number of intratumor CD8(+) T cell proliferation, as well as the improved immunobalance shown as the increased serum interferon-gamma/interleukin-4 ratio. Specifically, GLP conjugation seemed to protect the kidney from injury occasionally introduced by bare BiNP. As a result, GLP-BiNP play a dual role in tumor treatment through radiosensitization and immunoactivities.
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