Article
Immunology
Yunyun Guo, Fei Jiang, Lingli Kong, Haifeng Wu, Honghai Zhang, Xiaorong Chen, Jian Zhao, Baoshan Cai, Yanqi Li, Chunhong Ma, Fan Yi, Lei Zhang, Bingyu Liu, Yi Zheng, Lingqiang Zhang, Chengjiang Gao
Summary: STING is a critical adaptor protein for innate antiviral and antitumor immunity, regulated by protein ubiquitination, with OTUD5 identified as a key deubiquitinase that interacts with STING to maintain its stability. Knockout of OTUD5 resulted in impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to viral infection and tumor development.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annalaura Paulis, Enzo Tramontano
Summary: Invading pathogens weaken the host by subverting physiological conditions, while cells have developed countermeasures to maintain cellular physiology and counteract pathogenesis. The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in innate immunity activation by recognizing viral DNA and producing IFN-I. Targeting STING has the potential for developing broad-spectrum antivirals, and this review explores the function of STING, its modulation, viral evasion mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies to restore its functionality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yulin Xu, Youwen Zhang, Shaohua Sun, Jia Luo, Sen Jiang, Jiajia Zhang, Xueliang Liu, Qi Shao, Qi Cao, Wanglong Zheng, Nanhua Chen, Francois Meurens, Jianzhong Zhu
Summary: The cGAS-STING signal plays an important antiviral role in PRRSV infection, as demonstrated by the suppression of infection with stable expression of STING or stimulation of cGAS-STING signaling, while the knockout of STING gene increases the level of infection.
Review
Immunology
Lucia Amurri, Branka Horvat, Mathieu Iampietro
Summary: The function of cGAS/STING signalling in innate immunity to DNA viruses has been well understood, and growing evidence suggests its significant contribution in controlling RNA virus infections. This review summarizes the known cGAS/STING escape strategies and discusses the mechanisms of STING signalling activation by RNA viruses as well as possible therapeutic approaches. Further research on the interaction between RNA viruses and cGAS/STING-mediated immunity could lead to important discoveries for understanding immunopathogenesis and treating RNA viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yutong Li, Juntao Bie, Chen Song, Yunfei Li, Tianzhuo Zhang, Haishuang Li, Long Zhao, Fuping You, Jianyuan Luo
Summary: This study reveals that SIRT2 negatively regulates the activation of cGAS through deacetylating G3BP1, indicating a potential antiviral strategy by modulating SIRT2 activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhichuan Zhu, Rebecca L. Johnson, Zhigang Zhang, Laura E. Herring, Guochun Jiang, Blossom Damania, Lindsey I. James, Pengda Liu
Summary: This study reports a series of STING-agonist derived PROTACs that promote STING degradation in renal cell carcinoma cells. It demonstrates that these STING PROTACs activate STING and target activated/phospho-STING for degradation. Additionally, the study reveals the role of VHL as a bona fide E3 ligase for STING in RCC and the promotion of VHL-dependent STING degradation by VHL-recruiting STING PROTACs.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuting Yang, Yiming Huang, Zhenguo Zeng
Summary: Pathogens can produce conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are recognized by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Recent studies have shown that cytoplasmic DNA receptors can specifically recognize exogenous DNA and activate interferon 1 (IFN1), which is a significant advancement in various research fields. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is a critical natural immune pathway in cells and plays a crucial role in pathogen infection, tumors, and various autoimmune diseases in humans.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Feiyu Fu, Zhenyu Lin, Yanlin Li, Jie Wang, Yawen Li, Pengcheng Liu, Zhaofei Wang, Jingjiao Ma, Yaxian Yan, Jianhe Sun, Yuqiang Cheng
Summary: This study cloned and analyzed the molecular characteristics of goose STING (GoSTING). The results showed that GoSTING plays a crucial role in the regulation of RNA virus replication and is a key component of the innate immune defense in geese.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jun Yan, Guoxia Qiao, Yuqi Yin, Enhui Wang, Jun Xiao, Yuqing Peng, Jiamin Yu, Yuting Du, Zhiming Li, Hui Wu, Meiling Liu, Jiagang Tu, Yongan Zhang, Hao Feng
Summary: The study finds that black carp RNF5 (bcRNF5) inhibits STING/IFN signaling by enhancing K48-linked ubiquitination and protease degradation of STING.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Casey R. Ager, Akash Boda, Kimal Rajapakshe, Spencer Thomas Lea, Maria Emilia Di Francesco, Priyamvada Jayaprakash, Ravaen B. Slay, Brittany Morrow, Rishika Prasad, Meghan A. Dean, Colm R. Duffy, Cristian Coarfa, Philip Jones, Michael A. Curran
Summary: This study demonstrates that high-potency STING agonists can repolarize suppressive myeloid populations and enhance sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The findings provide insights into the unique pathways engaged by CDNs in functional repolarization.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Nanxin Liu, Xiaoxiao Pang, Hua Zhang, Ping Ji
Summary: The cGAS-STING pathway is crucial in protecting the host against viral infections and has also been found to play a role in response to bacterial infections. However, its functions in bacterial infections are more complex and diverse compared to viral infections, as the effects on the host vary depending on the bacterial species and infection mode.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Minghua Li, Max Ferretti, Baoling Ying, Helene Descamps, Emily Lee, Mark Dittmar, Jae Seung Lee, Kanupriya Whig, Brinda Kamalia, Lenka Dohnalova, Giulia Uhr, Hoda Zarkoob, Yu-Chi Chen, Holly Ramage, Marc Ferrer, Kristen Lynch, David C. Schultz, Christoph A. Thaiss, Michael S. Diamond, Sara Cherry
Summary: The study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 evades interferon activation in respiratory epithelial cells, but pharmacological activation of innate immune pathways can effectively control the viral infection. Using STING activation as a potential therapeutic strategy, the small molecule STING agonist diABZI inhibits viral replication by stimulating IFN signaling.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yang Du, Zhiqiang Hu, Yien Luo, Helen Y. Wang, Xiao Yu, Rong-Fu Wang
Summary: The DNA-sensing receptor cGAS and its downstream signaling adaptor STING play crucial roles in immune defense against infectious pathogens, and the interplay between the cGAS-STING pathway and pathogens provides insight into the development of pharmacological approaches for treating infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Yang, Jinyong Pei, Chen Lu, Yi Wang, Mengyang Shen, Xiao Qin, Yulu Huang, Xi Yang, Xin Zhao, Shujun Ma, Zhishan Song, Yinming Liang, Hui Wang, Jie Wang
Summary: This study reveals that RNF144A interacts with STING and enhances its translocation from the ER to the Golgi through K6-linked ubiquitination, thereby promoting the signaling pathways triggered by DNA virus or cytosolic DNA. RNF144A overexpression enhances immune responses, while knockdown of RNF144A has the opposite effect.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuqing Hu, Xueyi Li, Daoyong Wang, Xiaohua Mao
Summary: mascRNA is a tRNA-like small noncoding RNA that negatively regulates TLR4/2-triggered proinflammatory response while positively regulates TLR3-induced antiviral response. This study investigates the impact of mascRNA on STING signaling-triggered immune response. It was found that mascRNA suppresses STING-TBK1 signaling-mediated innate immunity through promoting proteasomal degradation of STING, and holds promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as COVID-19.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)