Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiangming Ji, Hongwei Yao, Maureen Meister, Douglas S. Gardenhire, Huanbiao Mo
Summary: COPD is a leading cause of death worldwide, characterized by emphysema and chronic bronchitis, with smoking as a significant risk factor in developed countries. Chronic inflammation contributes to disease progression and comorbidities. Tocotrienols show potential as anti-inflammatory agents in COPD management.
Review
Cell Biology
Manuel Ruiss, Oliver Findl, Martin Kronschlaeger
Summary: Cataract is a leading cause of blindness globally, and surgery is currently the only treatment option. However, complications and limited access to ophthalmic care may arise. With a growing and aging population, there will be an increase in cataract prevalence, presenting a challenge to society. As oxidative stress is a major pathological process in cataract formation, antioxidant supplementation may be a strategy to delay or prevent its progression. Caffeine, a widely consumed antioxidant, shows potential for preventing cataract.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zoi Skaperda, Fotios Tekos, Sotiria Makri, Christos Angelakis, Eleni Vassi, Periklis Vardakas, Anastasia Patouna, Kallirroi Terizi, Despina Kyriazi, Demetrios Kouretas
Summary: The study suggests a comprehensive methodology to evaluate the antioxidant and chemoprotective activities of three novel dietary supplements, which exhibit high antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, and lipid protective properties. The supplements were found to induce oxidative damage on cancer cells by decreasing intracellular glutathione levels and increasing ROS and lipid peroxidation levels at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The proposed approach could be a valuable tool for characterizing dietary supplements based on their chemical and functional properties.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camila Soto, Henry Daniel Ponce-Rodriguez, Jorge Verdu-Andres, Pilar Campins-Falco, Rosa Herraez-Hernandez
Summary: With the growth of the dietary supplements industry, there is a demand for simplified and easy-to-use instruments. This study tested a hand-portable miniaturized liquid chromatograph for the determination of chlorogenic acids. The results showed that the portable LC instrument had comparable analytical performance and faster speed for quantification.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Joanna Brzezinska-Rojek, Svitlana Sagatovych, Paulina Malinowska, Kamila Gadaj, Magdalena Prokopowicz, Malgorzata Grembecka
Summary: Due to their high bioactive substance content, beetroot and its preserves have the potential to be a valuable part of a balanced diet. However, research on the antioxidant capacity and nitrate content of beetroot-based dietary supplements (DSs) is limited worldwide. In this study, the total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, nitrites, and nitrates content were measured in fifty DSs and twenty beetroot samples using various methods. The results showed that fresh beetroot contains significantly higher levels of antioxidants, nitrites, and nitrates compared to most DSs. The safety of the products was also evaluated, and it was found that many DSs did not comply with labeling requirements. This highlights the need for stricter regulation of DSs, as their consumption could be potentially harmful.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Amin Gasmi, Geir Bjorklund, Pavan Kumar Mujawdiya, Yuliya Semenova, Alexandru Dosa, Salva Piscopo, Joeri J. Pen, Asma Gasmi Benahmed, Daniel Ovidiu Costea
Summary: Bariatric surgery is an effective method for significant weight loss in patients who have not achieved weight loss through pharmacological interventions. Post-surgery, sustained weight loss offers metabolic advantages and improves glucose and lipid metabolism. However, bariatric surgery is associated with deficiencies in vitamins and minerals, requiring monitoring and supplementation.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ye Chang, Ming Bai, Xiao-Bian Xue, Chun-Xin Zou, Xiao-Xiao Huang, Shao-Jiang Song
Summary: This study discovered active compounds from Chaga mushroom and found that compound 1 exhibited remarkable antioxidant and neuroprotective activities, suggesting its potential as a natural ingredient for preventing oxidative stress and nerve damage.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Justyna Brzezicha, Daria Blazejewicz, Joanna Brzezinska, Malgorzata Grembecka
Summary: The study compared the antioxidant potential and content of biologically active substances in green coffee samples and dietary supplements based on green coffee extracts using a newly developed HPLC-CAD method. The results showed that green coffee had higher antioxidant properties compared to the supplements, with a wide range of chlorogenic acid levels found in the supplements. Additionally, some supplements did not meet the declared composition by the manufacturer.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bianca-Maria Tihauan, Ioana-Cristina Marinas, Marian Adascalului, Alina Dobre, Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, Madalina Axinie, Laura Mihaela Stefan, Denisa Eglantina Duta
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional value, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity of high protein content products (pea, yeast, almond, spirulina, and Pleurotus spp.) as raw materials for dietary supplements. The results showed that pea and spirulina had the highest protein percentages, while Pleurotus spp. exhibited strong antioxidant activity but also high contamination levels. Moreover, the tested raw materials had an impact on cellular metabolic activity and DNA leakage at certain concentrations.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia, Erick Damian Castaneda-Reyes, Luis Mojica, Vermont Dia, Hui Wang, Toni Wang, Lawrence A. Johnson
Summary: Lunasin exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties. Lunasin concentration varies in commercial products and lunasin-enriched soy extract, with the extract showing higher lunasin enrichment. These extracts demonstrate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and also exhibit inhibitory potential on melanoma cells.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Maoping Duan, Tian Li, Bo Liu, Shuhua Yin, Jiachen Zang, Chenyan Lv, Guanghua Zhao, Tuo Zhang
Summary: This review examines the importance of zinc nutrition for human health, focusing on the relationship between zinc deficiency and various diseases, particularly their impact on the immune system and COVID-19. It also explores the potential of food-derived zinc-binding compounds as supplements and discusses the methods and mechanisms of maintaining zinc homeostasis.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Moriah Mallick, Chloe Briana Camacho, Jana Daher, Dalia El Khoury
Summary: Dietary supplements are commonly used by athletes for health and performance enhancement, but they may unknowingly consume prohibited substances due to contamination. Athletes often rely on unreliable sources of information and lack knowledge of supplement regulations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Notarbartolo, Claudio Montante, Giuliana Ferrante, Mario Giuffre
Summary: Respiratory tract infections are common in children, and antioxidants have shown potential in preventing and treating viral infections. Antioxidants may also interfere with the entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2. This review evaluates the evidence of antioxidants' usefulness in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 in adults and speculates on their potential use in children.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hui Duan, Jiani Pan, Min Guo, Jinwei Li, Leilei Yu, Liuping Fan
Summary: Dietary intervention is a safe, broad-spectrum, and low-cost strategy for slowing aging. It regulates nutrient-sensing pathways, gut microbiota, metabolism, and immunity. Different dietary patterns and supplements, as well as the proportion of macronutrients, have varying effects on aging.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Guowei Zhang, Min Zhang, Jianfeng Yu, Lihua Kang, Huaijin Guan
Summary: The study demonstrated that Rg1 could effectively prevent lens opacification induced by H2O2, increase antioxidant levels, reduce oxidative damage, and enhance cell viability. Additionally, Rg1 was found to protect the lens against cataracts by locally administering, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in preventing oxidative stress-induced cataracts.
CURRENT EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Yadi Chen, Rosica S. Petrova, Chen Qiu, Paul J. Donaldson
Summary: A feedback regulation mechanism exists in the bovine lens, similar to that in the mouse lens, which ensures that fluctuations in lens water transport do not affect the lens power and overall vision quality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Xiaojing Sharon Wu, Anna Miles, Andrea Braakhuis
Summary: Texture-modified diets (TMDs) are commonly prescribed to improve swallowing safety for older adults with swallowing difficulties. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) provides a framework for TMDs. This study used the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) to identify the barriers and enablers to IDDSI adoption in aged-care facilities (ACFs). The findings showed that while ACF managers were aware of IDDSI and had access to online resources, staff awareness and training were lacking. Collaboration and improved communication were important for successful implementation of IDDSI.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaojing Sharon Wu, Lina Yousif, Anna Miles, Andrea Braakhuis
Summary: Residents consuming texture-modified diets with ONS had higher intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates, and fat compared to those without ONS. However, they still fell short of their energy and carbohydrate requirements. Both groups had inadequate fibre intake and high saturated fat intake, with a significant portion of residents at risk of malnutrition.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
S. C. Broome, R. D. Atiola, A. J. Braakhuis, C. J. Mitchell, T. L. Merry
Summary: This study examined the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant supplementation on muscle recovery following exercise. The results showed that MitoQ did not alleviate muscle soreness and may delay the recovery of muscle function after eccentric exercise.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xingbo Li, Andrea Braakhuis, Zengning Li, Rajshri Roy
Summary: The university food environment has an impact on the dietary behaviors of students, with taste being the most important factor. Students sometimes perceive unhealthy foods as healthy options. The diet quality of students is influenced by various factors.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Renita Maria Martis, Luis James Knight, Monica L. Acosta, Joanna Black, Robert Ng, Lilian Chen Lian Ji, Paul James Donaldson, Julie Ching-Hsia Lim
Summary: This study examined the role of the cystine/glutamate antiporter on retinal structure and function using xCT knockout mice. The findings showed the presence of retinal spots and increased GFAP labeling in the knockout mice, indicating retinal stress. Focal changes in retinal function were also observed in areas where the spots were present. Overall, these results suggest that the xCT knockout mice exhibit features of accelerated aging and may serve as a useful model for studying the cellular pathways involved in retinal aging.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Anna Worthington, Nicola Gillies, Rajshri Roy, Andrea Braakhuis
Summary: Implementing behavior strategies into nutrition research requires consideration. The use of the Nine Principles framework and theory-based design in an eHealth behavior change support (BCS) program showed promising results in enhancing adherence to healthy eating and dietary tracking in young adults participating in a randomized control trial. This suggests that incorporating theory and user-centered design in such interventions may be effective in improving adherence in research studies.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma Clarke, Gemma Pugh, Eveline van den Heuvel, Erin Kavanagh, Pamela Cheung, Andrew Wood, Mark Winstanley, Andrea Braakhuis, Amy L. Lovell
Summary: In this study, the nutrition interventions/education needs of childhood cancer survivors in New Zealand were explored. The study found that the current survivorship care pathway is inadequate in providing interventions/education, and survivors face common challenges related to weight and dietary changes. The study also identified the varied requirements for interventions/education in survivorship.
NUTRITION & DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amy L. Lovell, Rajshri Roy, Alana Klein, Alana Cavadino, Meika Foster, Jeremy D. Krebs, Andrea Braakhuis, Troy L. Merry
Summary: There is growing evidence that following a Mediterranean diet can reduce the incidence of diet-related diseases. However, little is known about the dietary patterns of New Zealand adults in relation to the Mediterranean diet. This study aimed to assess the habitual dietary patterns, nutrient intakes, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a sample of 1012 New Zealand adults. The results showed low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, indicating the need for significant changes in food choices among the New Zealand population.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicola A. Gillies, Anna Worthington, Larissa Li, Tamlin S. Conner, Emma N. Bermingham, Scott O. Knowles, David Cameron-Smith, Rina Hannaford, Andrea Braakhuis
Summary: This study compared the health, wellbeing, and behavioral implications of consuming a flexitarian diet (including low-to-moderate amounts of red meat) and a vegetarian diet (including plant-based meat alternatives) among young adults. The results showed that participants in the flexitarian group had higher adherence to the intervention and higher satisfaction with red meat compared to those in the vegetarian group. Both intervention groups had increased vegetable intake and reported more positive eating experiences and satisfaction at the end of the intervention.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Lillian C. Morton, Carl D. Paton, Troy Merry, Andrea J. Braakhuis
Summary: The study examined the effect of polyphenol supplementation on lung function and exercise performance in an ozone-polluted environment. The results suggest that polyphenol supplementation may provide small benefits to performance and reduce cough symptoms during high-intensity exercise in such environments.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Amy Lovell, Emma Clarke, Eveline Van Den Heuvel, Erin Kavanagh, Pamela Cheung, Andrea Braakhuis, Gemma Pugh
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haruna Suzuki-Kerr, Kerry L. Walker, Min -Hi Han, Julie C. Lim, Paul J. Donaldson
Summary: This study demonstrates that rat lenses can release ATP in response to osmotic challenge, primarily in a specific region of the outer cortex. These findings support the idea that the lens regulates its volume and optical properties through purinergic signaling pathways.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Angus C. Grey, George Guo, Kyriakos Varnava, Ali Zahraei, Melody Tang, Nicholas Demarais, Paul J. Donaldson
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Toan Pham, Scott Knowles, Emma Bermingham, Julie Brown, Rina Hannaford, David Cameron-Smith, Andrea Braakhuis
Summary: This study compared the digestive response of a meal containing red meat with a plant-based meat analog. It found that red meat had a higher bioavailability of amino acids compared to the plant-based alternative. The farming method of the beef had minimal impact on participants' responses.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION
(2022)