Article
Immunology
Judith A. Anesi, Ebbing Lautenbach, Pranita D. Tamma, Kerri A. Thom, Emily A. Blumberg, Kevin Alby, Warren B. Bilker, Alissa Werzen, Pam Tolomeo, Jacqueline Omorogbe, Lisa Pineles, Jennifer H. Han
Summary: The study identified several risk factors for ESBL-EB BSIs among solid organ transplant recipients, including prior ESBL-EB colonization, corticosteroid-containing immunosuppression regimen, corticosteroid treatment for acute rejection, and exposure to certain antibiotics. Further studies and interventions are needed to explore and address these modifiable risk factors in this population.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tushar Kumar Dey, Johanna Frida Lindahl, Ake Lundkvist, Delia Grace, Ram Pratim Deka, Rajeswari Shome, Samiran Bandyopadhyay, Naresh Kumar Goyal, Garima Sharma, Bibek Ranjan Shome
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in milk samples from two Indian states, revealing the presence of various prevalent beta-lactamase genes. The findings underscore the potential risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in dairy products and the need for comprehensive approaches to accurately assess antibiotic resistance.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sohyun Cho, Charlene R. Jackson, Jonathan G. Frye
Summary: Surface water is a favorable environment for the accumulation and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria, including ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, particularly E. coli and K. pneumoniae, in aquatic environments worldwide poses a growing threat to public health. This review aims to explore the contamination of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in freshwater environments and understand their sources and transmission routes, as well as the factors driving their presence.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yu-Shan Huang, Pao-Yu Chen, Pei-Chun Chou, Jann-Tay Wang
Summary: Cefiderocol and aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) both showed activity against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, including those that produce metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs). However, Enterobacteriaceae isolates producing NDM carbapenemase displayed lower susceptibility to both antibiotics.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Huan Zhang, Beibei Liang, Jin Wang, Yun Cai
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of non-carbapenem beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) with carbapenems for the treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL-PE. The results showed no significant difference in clinical success and mortality between the two treatment groups, but a slightly higher rate of microbiological success was observed in the BLBLIs group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Muhammad Muqaddas Mustafai, Mavra Hafeez, Safa Munawar, Sakeenabi Basha, Ali A. Rabaan, Muhammad A. Halwani, Abdulsalam Alawfi, Amer Alshengeti, Mustafa A. Najim, Sara Alwarthan, Meshal K. AlFonaisan, Souad A. Almuthree, Mohammed Garout, Naveed Ahmed
Summary: Enterobacteriaceae have been classified as severely drug resistant bacteria by the World Health Organization due to their extensive production and dissemination of carbapenemases (CPs) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). A hospital-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CP- and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. The study found high rates of CP- and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, indicating a significant spread in the study area. The authors recommend implementing better infection prevention and control strategies and conducting nationwide screening to reduce the burden of highly resistant bugs.
Article
Microbiology
Mohamed A. Nossair, Fatma A. Abd El Baqy, Mohammad S. Y. Rizk, Haitham Elaadli, Alaa M. Mansour, Ayman H. Abd El-Aziz, Adil Alkhedaide, Mohamed Mohamed Soliman, Hazem Ramadan, Mustafa Shukry, Sabah Shaaban
Summary: A cross-sectional study was conducted in dairy cattle farms and poultry farms in northern Egypt to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in humans, cattle, and poultry. The study found that the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 30.0%, 20.0%, and 25.0% in humans, cattle, and poultry, respectively. The majority of the ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae showed a multi-drug resistant phenotype.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ye Peng, Suisha Liang, Kanchana Poonsuk, Hilda On, Sze Wang Li, Morgan Maxime Pascal Maurin, Ching Him Chan, Chak Lun Chan, Zhen Ye Sin, Hein Min Tun
Summary: This study identified both travel-related risk factors and microbial predictors for the risk of ESBL-E acquisition during international travels, including gut microbiota composition and dietary habits.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hiroki Namikawa, Waki Imoto, Koichi Yamada, Yoshihiro Tochino, Yukihiro Kaneko, Hiroshi Kakeya, Taichi Shuto
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis identified predictors of mortality from extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) bacteremia. Previous antimicrobial therapy, neutropenia, nosocomial infection, rapidly fatal underlying disease, respiratory tract infection, Pitt bacteremia score, severe sepsis, and urinary tract infection were found to be predictors of mortality. Appropriate empirical therapy was identified as a protective factor against mortality.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nikolaos Tsekouras, Zoi Athanasakopoulou, Celia Diezel, Polychronis Kostoulas, Sascha D. Braun, Marina Sofia, Stefan Monecke, Ralf Ehricht, Dimitris C. Chatzopoulos, Dominik Gary, Domenique Kraehmer, Vassiliki Spyrou, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Charalambos Billinis, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria in swine in Greece. Fecal samples were collected from 214 piglets on 34 farms, and 78 isolates (36.5%) were identified as ESBL producers, including E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, E. cloacae complex, and S. enterica spp. diarizonae. Resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics was detected in all isolates, with various resistant phenotypes observed. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of multiple resistance genes. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance observed in Greek swine herds raise concerns for both animal and public health.
Article
Microbiology
Dagninet Alelign, Aschalew Kidanewold
Summary: The study identified a significant number of multidrug-resistant ES beta L and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in street foods, suggesting they may be a potential source of multidrug-resistant foodborne infections. Regular examinations of street food items and tracking medication resistance trends are essential.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Holmbom, Vidar Moller, Loa Kristinsdottir, Maud Nilsson, Mamun-Ur Rashid, Mats Fredrikson, Bjorn Berglund, Ase Ostholm Balkhed
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and risk factors associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in community-onset bloodstream infections (CO-BSI). The results showed that a history of ESBL-Ec infection and genitourinary invasive procedures were the predominant risk factors for ESBL-UPEC. The delay in appropriate antibiotic therapy did not increase the risk for 30-day mortality or sepsis within 36 hours among patients infected with ESBL-UPEC. However, caution should be exercised due to the small sample size.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gunasekaran Rameshkumar, Ranjithkumar Dhandapani, Prajna Lalitha, Siva Ganesa Karthikeyan Rajapandian, Velmurugan Palanivel, Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu, Abdullah A. Alyousef, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Mohammad Zubair, Fayez M. Saleh, Fuad Abdullah Alatawi, Fohad M. Husain
Summary: In this study, the prevalence, antibacterial sensitivity patterns, and molecular characterization of MβL associated resistant genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections were investigated. The study found a high prevalence of MβL production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to high resistance to certain antibiotics. The bla(VIM) gene was also detected at a high rate in eye infections.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mizuki Kusumoto, Tomoki Motegi, Haruna Uno, Mizuki Yokono, Kazuki Harada
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetic indices of cefmetazole (CMZ) in dogs and performed pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) analyses using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). The results showed that a regimen of 40 mg/kg every 6 hours of CMZ could be a viable treatment option for dogs infected with ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yichen Ding, Woei-Yuh Saw, Linda Wei Lin Tan, Don Kyin Nwe Moong, Niranjan Nagarajan, Yik Ying Teo, Henning Seedorf
Summary: This study identified multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates from the gut microbiota of healthy Singaporeans with a diverse range of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, indicating possible clonal transmission between humans and raw meat. Additionally, a group of resistance plasmids might be responsible for the dissemination of colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Singapore, Malaysia, and Europe, highlighting the importance of better countermeasures to block the transmission of antibiotic resistance.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Jia-Arng Lee, Shin-Hei Du, Tai-fen Lee, Yu-Shan Huang, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yu-Tsung Huang, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hiroyuki Naruse, Yohei Doi, Mitsunaga Iwata, Kiyohito Ishikawa
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan's early return-to-work (RTW) program for healthcare workers (HCWs) who have been in close contact with COVID-19 cases was found to be a reasonable strategy. HCWs eligible for the program had received the third dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, tested negative for COVID-19 before each work shift, and were difficult to replace. Out of 256 HCWs identified as close contacts, 37 secondary cases were detected, and 141 HCWs (55%) participated in the early RTW program, with no reported infection clusters.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Milo Gatti, Giacomo Fornaro, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea, Maddalena Giannella
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in managing carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections in renal patients receiving recommended dosing adjustments. The study found that renal dosing adjustments of ceftazidime-avibactam may be associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients affected by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joachim Doua, Jeroen Geurtsen, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Oliver A. Cornely, Oscar Go, Aina Gomila-Grange, Andrew Kirby, Peter Hermans, Andrea Gori, Valentina Zuccaro, Stefan Gravenstein, Marc Bonten, Jan Poolman, Michal Sarnecki
Summary: This multinational study describes the clinical profile of patients with invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) in tertiary care hospitals. Most patients with IED were adults aged >= 60 years, and the urinary tract was the most common source of infection. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was identified in 77.4% of patients, and the case-fatality rate was 20.0%. A proposed clinical case definition showed a 96.1% agreement with physician's diagnoses.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Alessandri, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Giuseppe Migliara, Valentina Baccolini, Alessandro Russo, Carolina Marzuillo, Mariateresa Ceparano, Giovanni Giordano, Pierfrancesco Tozzi, Gioacchini Galardo, Giammarco Raponi, Claudio Mastroianni, Mario Venditti, Francesco Pugliese, Gabriella d'Ettorre
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSI) due to Candida in COVID-19 patients supported with ECMO, and found that the incidence of candidemia was significantly higher in the ECMO group compared to the control group. This result was confirmed by survival analysis and multivariable analyses.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kirsten Schmidt-Hellerau, Claudia Raichle, Maria Ruethrich, Joerg J. Vehreschild, Julia Lanznaster, Susana M. Nunes de Miranda, Claudia Bausewein, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Carolin E. M. Koll, Steffen Simon, Kerstin Hellwig, Bjoern-Erik O. Jensen, Norma Jung
Summary: This study aimed to describe the characteristics and types of specialized palliative care (SPC) provided to SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The study found that patients receiving SPC were older and had more comorbidities, but 59% had a life expectancy of more than 1 year. The main symptoms were dyspnea, delirium, and excessive tiredness. Most patients receiving SPC died during the hospital stay, and SPC mainly focused on symptom control and family psychological support, with a higher emphasis on allowing personal contacts with friends and relatives.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alexis Tabah, Niccolo Buetti, Quentin Staiquly, Stephane Ruckly, Murat Akova, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Marc Leone, Andrew Conway Morris, Matteo Bassetti, Kostoula Arvaniti, Jeffrey Lipman, Ricard Ferrer, Haibo Qiu, Jose-Artur Paiva, Pedro Povoa, Liesbet De Bus, Jan De Waele, Farid Zand, Mohan Gurjar, Adel Alsisi, Khalid Abidi, Hendrik Bracht, Yoshiro Hayashi, Kyeongman Jeon, Muhammed Elhadi, Francois Barbier, Jean-Francois Timsit
Summary: This study investigated hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) in 2600 adult patients from 333 ICUs in 52 countries. HA-BSI were frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant, and difficult-to-treat pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy, resulting in high mortality rates.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Burcu Isler, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Burhan Sami Benli, David L. Paterson, Nick Daneman, Robert Fowler, Murat Akova
Summary: This study investigated the current practice of antibiotic treatment duration and timing of IV to oral switching for common bacteraemic conditions among Turkish infectious disease and ICU physicians. The results showed that the most commonly recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for bacteraemia was 14 days, followed by 10 and 7 days. Most physicians recommended switching to oral antibiotics after 7 days of IV treatment. Prolonged treatment durations may be due to a presumption that resistant bacterial infections require longer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucia Blasco, Inmaculada Lopez-Hernandez, Miguel Rodriguez-Fernandez, Javier Perez-Florido, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, Sarah Djebara, Maya Merabishvili, Jean-Paul Pirnay, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Maria Tomas, Luis Eduardo Lopez Cortes
Summary: This article describes a case study of a patient with a multidrug-resistant prosthetic vascular graft infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was successfully treated with a combination of phages (PT07, 14/01, and PNM) and ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA). After phage therapy, a new infection with a wild-type strain of P. aeruginosa occurred, but this strain was susceptible to β-lactams and quinolones. Microbiology and whole genome sequencing techniques were used to analyze the clinical strains. The clinical isolates before and after phage therapy showed a clonal relationship with important genomic changes that may have contributed to resistance to this therapy. Phenotypic studies revealed a decrease in the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) to β-lactams and quinolones, as well as an increase in biofilm production and phage-resistant mutants in the clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa after phage therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Charalampos Zarras, Theodoros Karampatakis, Styliani Pappa, Elias Iosifidis, Eleni Vagdatli, Emmanuel Roilides, Anna Papa
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance and accessory genes, clonal relatedness, and evolutionary dynamics of CRKP isolates recovered in the ICUs of a tertiary hospital in Greece. Next-generation sequencing was performed, and various bioinformatics software were used for plasmid content identification, MLST, antimicrobial resistance gene detection, comparison of genome alignments, and identification of core genome SNPs. The results showed that the isolates belonged to eight different sequence types, with various carbapenemases and resistance genes detected. The study also revealed distinct phylogenetic branches for certain sequence types, suggesting clonal dispersion. Overall, this study provides important insights into the genetic characterization of CRKP isolates in ICUs.
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Luke S. P. Moore, Maria Virginia Villegas, Eric Wenzler, Timothy M. Rawson, Rita O. Oladele, Yohei Doi, Anucha Apisarnthanarak
Summary: Despite variable utilization of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) across different income countries, a value framework has been proposed to define the benefits of RDTs in ASPs, separate from per-patient benefits. Effective implementation is key to realizing the value of RDTs within ASPs, and actionable advice for choosing an RDT has been proposed by infectious disease experts from various countries. These experts also advocate for the inclusion of RDTs in the World Health Organization Model List of essential in vitro diagnostics and in the iterative development of national action plans.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Salvador Perez-Galera, Jose M. Bravo-Ferrer, Maria Paniagua, Tomislav Kostyanev, Marlieke E. A. de Kraker, Jan Feifel, Jesus Sojo-Dorado, Joost Schotsman, Rafael Canton, George L. Daikos, Biljana Carevic, Gorana Dragovac, Lionel K. Tan, Lul Raka, Adriana Hristea, Pierluigi Viale, Murat Akova, Jose Maria Reguera, Lucia Valiente de Santis, Julian Torre-Cisneros, Angela Cano, Emmanuel Roilides, Lili Radulovic, Cenk Kirakli, Evelyn Shaw, Matthew E. Falagas, Vicente Pintado, Herman Goossens, Marc J. Bonten, Belen Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Jesus Rodroguez-Bano
Summary: A study found that the main risk factors for CRE infections in hospitals with high incidence included previous colonization, urinary catheter use, and exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nithya Babu Rajendran, Fabiana Arieti, Carla Alejandra Mena-Benitez, Liliana Galia, Maela Tebon, Julio Alvarez, Beryl Primrose Gladstone, Lucie Collineau, Giulia De Angelis, Raquel Duro, William Gaze, Siri Goepel, Souha S. Kanj, Annemarie Kaesbohrer, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Estibaliz Lopez de Abechuco, Elena Mazzolini, Nico T. Mutters, Maria Diletta Pezzani, Elisabeth Presterl, Hanna Renk, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Oana Sandulescu, Federico Scali, Robert Skov, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Cuong Vuong, Evelina Tacconelli
Summary: Strategic and standardised approaches are crucial for analyzing and reporting surveillance data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and informing antibiotic policies. This paper describes a multidisciplinary initiative involving experts from the human, animal, and environmental sectors to develop proposals for structuring and reporting full-scale AMR and antimicrobial consumption/antimicrobial residue surveillance data. The recommendations from this study can support national and regional plans to reduce resistance rates and promote a One Health approach to antimicrobial policy.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Patricia Mingo-Casas, Javier Sanchez-Cespedes, Ana-Belen Blazquez, Josefina Casas, Maria Balsera-Manzanero, Laura Herrero, Ana Vazquez, Jeronimo Pachon, Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Juan-Carlos Saiz, Miguel A. Martin-Acebes
Summary: West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes and can cause severe diseases. By studying experimentally infected mice and naturally infected patients, dynamic alterations in the lipidome were identified as metabolic fingerprints of different infection stages. The dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism by WNV may provide new therapeutic opportunities and support the potential of certain lipids as novel peripheral biomarkers of WND progression.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Cigdem Erol, Nuran Sari, Tugba Yanik-Yalcin, Ayseguel Yesilkaya, Leyla Asena, Sirel Guer-Guengoer, Oezlem Kurt-Azap
Summary: This study investigated the incidence, characteristics, and mortality of candidemia and compared the data with previous results. Candidemia has a high incidence and is associated with end-organ involvement, prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, and higher healthcare costs. Candida albicans is the most common pathogen, while mortality rates are higher in Candida glabrata and Candida krusei infections.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
