Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luyan Yao, Funan He, Quanyi Zhao, Dandan Li, Shufang Fu, Mingzhi Zhang, Xingzhong Zhang, Bingying Zhou, Li Wang
Summary: Imaging mass cytometry was used to characterize the spatial distribution and dynamics of cell phenotypes and communities in the mouse left ventricle following myocardial infarction. H3K9me3 in endothelial cells was identified as a potential therapeutic target for alleviating pathological remodeling of the heart after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Corrado De Marco, Thierry Charron, Guy Rousseau
Summary: Adenosine has the potential benefits in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction by inhibiting the pathophysiological processes leading to reperfusion injury. However, the heterogenous evidence regarding its effects has resulted in limited uptake in clinical practice. Therefore, studying the dose, route, timing, and site of administration of adenosine is crucial for its efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sihan Hu, Lan Jiang, Qi Yan, Chenyang Zhou, Xiaochuan Guo, Tong Chen, Siting Ma, Yimiao Luo, Caiyu Hu, Fumin Yang, Lishan Yuan, Xiao Ma, Jinhao Zeng
Summary: Baicalin exhibits positive effects on myocardial ischemia diseases, achieved by regulating key pathological indicators and various signaling pathways. In animal models of myocardial ischemia, reperfusion injury, and myocardial infarction, baicalin can reduce myocardial infarction size, improve cardiac pathological condition, and enhance heart function indicators.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
C. Binsch, D. M. Barbosa, G. Hansen-Dille, M. Hubert, S. M. Hodge, M. Kolasa, K. Jeruschke, J. Weiss, C. Springer, S. Gorressen, J. W. Fischer, M. Lienhard, R. Herwig, S. Boerno, B. Timmermann, A. L. Cremer, H. Backes, A. Chadt, H. Al-Hasani
Summary: The study found that TBC1D4 protein plays a crucial role in cardiac metabolism and adaptation to myocardial infarction. Mice lacking TBC1D4 were unable to efficiently uptake glucose in the heart, leading to aggravated cardiac damage. This study suggests that impaired TBC1D4 signaling contributes to poor outcomes after myocardial infarction.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alex Gallinat, Guiomar Mendieta, Gemma Vilahur, Teresa Padro, Lina Badimon
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases, especially acute myocardial infarction (MI), are major causes of death worldwide. DJ-1 protein has been found to play a crucial role in cardioprotection, and systemic administration of recombinant DJ-1 has been shown to reduce infarct size, leukocyte infiltration, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in a mouse model of MI. These effects may be mediated by G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and modulation of immune response. This study provides the first evidence for the extracellular activity of DJ-1 in regulating cardiac injury in vivo.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
L. A. Danyel, M. Miszczuk, F. Connolly, K. Villringer, G. Bohner, M. Rossel-Zemkouo, E. Siebert
Summary: The sensitivity of retinal diffusion restrictions in acute central retinal artery occlusion varies over time and is dependent on clinical course and MRI imaging parameters.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamie Francisco, Dominic P. Del Re
Summary: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a condition that causes cardiac damage and cell loss. Restoring coronary flow is the standard treatment for MI, but reperfusion triggers inflammation and worsens heart injury. The immune response plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and resolution of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but our understanding is still incomplete.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Panat Yanpiset, Chayodom Maneechote, Sirawit Sriwichaiin, Natthaphat Siri-Angkul, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn, Nipon Chattipakorn
Summary: Cardiomyocyte death plays a major role in the development of myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Pyroptosis, a regulated programmed cell death pathway, has been shown to be involved in these conditions. Activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD) through the canonical or non-canonical pathways is an important step in pyroptosis. Inhibition of GSDMD provides cardioprotection against myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuejie Han, Jie Zhang, Jian Liu, Hongxia Wang, Fenghe Du, Xiangjun Zeng, Caixia Guo
Summary: This article systematically summarizes the process and regulatory metabolisms of ferroptosis, and discusses its relationship with myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Studying the role of ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases can provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of these conditions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Bochaton, Simon Leboube, Alexandre Paccalet, Claire Crola Da Silva, Marielle Buisson, Nathan Mewton, Camille Amaz, Yvonne Varillon, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Gilles Rioufol, Tae-Hee Cho, Michel Ovize, Gabriel Bidaux, Norbert Nighoghossian, Laura Mechtouff
Summary: This study compared the profile of circulating inflammatory markers between young and older patients with STEMI or AIS. The results showed that older patients had higher levels of IL-6 and sTNF-RI within the first 48 hours, accompanied by a lower lymphocyte count and a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiran A. Prag, Dunja Aksentijevic, Andreas Dannhorn, Abigail Giles, John F. Mulvey, Olga Sauchanka, Luping Du, Georgina Bates, Johannes Reinhold, Duvaraka Kula-Alwar, Zhelong Xu, Luc Pellerin, Richard J. A. Goodwin, Michael P. Murphy, Thomas Krieg
Summary: Malonate selectively enters cardiomyocytes during reperfusion in a low pH environment caused by ischemia, protecting against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marie-Sophie L. Y. de Koning, B. Daan Westenbrink, Solmaz Assa, Erwin Garcia, Margery A. Connelly, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Erik Lipsic, Pim van der Harst
Summary: Circulating ketone bodies are increased in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Higher ketone bodies at 24 hours post-reperfusion are associated with larger myocardial infarct size and lower left ventricular ejection fraction.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jan Philipp Schuette, Mailin-Christin Manke, Katherina Hemmen, Patrick Muenzer, Barbara F. Schoerg, Gustavo Campos Ramos, Michaela Pogoda, Valerie Dicenta, Sabrina H. L. Hoffmann, Juergen Pinnecker, Ferdinand Kollotzek, Monika Zdanyte, Karin A. L. Mueller, Yogesh Singh, Andreas F. Mack, Bernd Pichler, Florian Lang, Bernhard Nieswandt, Meinrad Gawaz, Katrin G. Heinze, Nicolas Casadei, Oliver Borst
Summary: Platelet-derived miRNAs play a critical role in myocardial inflammation and structural remodeling in response to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In a mouse model with a Dicer gene deletion, disrupted miRNA processing machinery in platelets led to increased myocardial inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, accelerated cardiac fibrosis, and larger infarct size. These findings highlight the importance of platelet-derived miRNA in regulating cellular processes following myocardial I/R.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Marta Paz-Garcia, Adrian Povo-Retana, Rafael I. Jaen, Patricia Prieto, Diego A. Peraza, Carlos Zaragoza, Macarena Hernandez-Jimenez, David Pineiro, Javier Regadera, Maria L. Garcia-Bermejo, E. Macarena Rodriguez-Serrano, Sergio Sanchez-Garcia, Maria A. Moro, Ignacio Lizasoain, Carmen Delgado, Carmen Valenzuela, Lisardo Bosca
Summary: Experimental evidence suggests that controlling the inflammatory response is crucial in reducing cardiac injury after myocardial infarction. An aptamer called 4FT has been investigated for its selective antagonistic effects on human TLR4 in macrophages and a rat model of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Treatment with 4FT significantly inhibits TLR4 signaling and improves cardiac injury and markers in the rat model. The expression of inflammatory genes is reduced, while anti-inflammatory genes and pro-resolution molecules are enhanced after 4FT administration, indicating its potential as a therapeutic strategy for preventing cardiac dysfunction after infarction.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Galeone, Maria Grano, Giacomina Brunetti
Summary: Ischemic heart disease, including myocardial infarction, stable angina, and ischemic cardiomyopathy, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Revascularization can reduce myocardial loss and improve clinical outcomes, but it also carries the risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury. This article reviews the role of tumor necrosis factor family members, such as TNF-alpha, CD95L/CD95, TRAIL, and the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis, in myocardial tissue damage and their potential as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Junaid Ansari, Elena Y. Senchenkova, Shantel A. Vital, Zaki Al-Yafeai, Gaganpreet Kaur, Erica M. Sparkenbaugh, A. Wayne Orr, Rafal Pawlinski, Robert P. Hebbel, D. Neil Granger, Paul Kubes, Felicity N. E. Gavins
Summary: This study elucidated the functional significance of targeting the neutrophil-dependent AnxA1/FPR2/ALX pathway in SCD, showing that regulating the FPR2/ALX pathway improved cerebral thrombotic responses in Sickle transgenic mice and provided evidence of neutrophils' key role in thromboinflammation. Targeting the AnxA1/FPR2/ALX pathway may offer new therapeutic possibilities against thromboinflammatory conditions like SCD.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raayma Iffah, Felicity N. E. Gavins
Summary: The pathophysiology of COVID-19 is complex, with multiple systems contributing to thrombosis and inflammation. Understanding the role of the immune system in different patient cohorts is crucial for developing novel therapeutic targets and drug repurposing strategies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel Triay, Prabandh Buchhanolla, Alexas Gaudet, Victoria Winter, Alexandra Gaudet, Mehdi Faraji, Eduardo Gonzalez-Toledo, Harish Siddaiah, Hugo H. Cuellar-Saenz, Steven Bailey, Vijayakumar Javalkar, Rosario Maria S. Riel-Romero, Roger E. Kelley, Felicity N. E. Gavins, Junaid Ansari
Summary: Acute cerebrovascular disease in COVID-19 patients is associated with unique clinical features, longer hospital stays, and worse clinical outcomes.
Article
Cell Biology
Felix Becker, Linus Kebschull, Constantin Rieger, Annika Mohr, Barbara Heitplatz, Veerle Van Marck, Uwe Hansen, Junaid Ansari, Stefan Reuter, Benjamin Struecker, Andreas Pascher, Jens G. Brockmann, Trevor Castor, J. Steve Alexander, Felicity N. E. Gavins
Summary: This study demonstrates that Bryostatin-1 shows promise as a pharmacological candidate for graft-specific treatment in kidney transplantation, as it provides protection by blocking neutrophil infiltration and attenuating functional graft injury.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hannah Meyer, Lexus Trosclair, Sean D. D. Clayton, Collyn O'Quin, Zachary Connelly, Ross Rieger, Nhi Dao, Ahmed Alhaque, Andrew Minagar, Luke A. A. White, Giovanni Solitro, Mila Shah-Bruce, Valerie L. L. Welch, Stephanie Villalba, Jonathan Steven Alexander, Donald Sorrells
Summary: This study evaluated a novel vaginal expansion sleeve (VES) method as an alternative treatment for vaginal atresia. The results showed that the VES significantly expanded the vaginal canal ex vivo and resulted in thinning of the vaginal wall. This novel VES device represents a unique alternative to traditional mechanical dilation therapy and surgical reconstruction for the treatment of vaginal atresia.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Nhi Dao, Colette Cozean, Oleg Chernyshev, Clete Kushida, Jonathan Greenburg, Jonathan S. Alexander
Summary: In addition to mandibular advancement devices, dental expansion appliances are crucial for increasing intra-oral space and improving airflow in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This paper examines the effectiveness of a non-surgical technique called DNA (Daytime-Nighttime Appliance) for slow maxillary expansion. The results show significant improvement in airway volume, transpalatal width, and apnea-hypopnea indices (AHI) after DNA treatment, with 80% of patients experiencing improvements in AHI scores and some even having their OSA symptoms completely resolved.
Article
Pathology
Nicole Hall, Nhi Dao, Cameron Hewett, Sara Oberle, Andrew Minagar, Kariann Lamon, Carey Ford, Bruce E. Blough, J. Steven Alexander, Kevin S. Murnane
Summary: To avoid legal consequences, clandestine chemists produce designer stimulants with similar effects to conventional stimulants like methamphetamine. Conventional stimulants have been reported to cause vasoconstriction and loss of vascular homeostasis, and designer stimulants may have even greater risks. This study compared the effects of a conventional stimulant and two designer stimulants on vascular contraction and found that all three drugs had detrimental effects on human brain vascular smooth muscle cells, with the designer stimulant BDB causing vasoconstriction at lower concentrations. These findings suggest that these drugs can directly harm the cardiovascular system, with BDB posing unique dangers.
Review
Pathology
Henry W. Sanicola, Caleb E. Stewart, Patrick Luther, Kevin Yabut, Bharat Guthikonda, J. Dedrick Jordan, J. Steven Alexander
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of subarachnoid hemorrhage, including the pathophysiological processes at each stage, and discusses clinical management and treatment options. It is of great importance for clinicians to improve the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Article
Pathology
Gaganpreet Kaur, Wendy Leskova, Norman R. Harris
Summary: This study found that the endothelial glycocalyx is an important regulator of retinal hemodynamics and perfusion. Its degradation leads to significant changes in retinal blood flow and microhematocrit, as well as an increased propensity for retinal thrombus formation.
Article
Pathology
Pooja Veerareddy, Nhi Dao, Jungmi W. Yun, Karen Y. Stokes, Elizabeth Disbrow, Christopher G. Kevil, Urska Cvek, Marjan Trutschl, Philip Kilgore, Murali Ramanathan, Robert Zivadinov, Jonathan S. Alexander
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of neurodegenerative disability in younger individuals. Finding specific serum biomarkers for early-stage MS can facilitate more effective treatment. This study found increased levels of CSE and decreased levels of CBS and MST in the serum samples of MS patients, indicating an association with vascular inflammation.
Article
Pathology
Phillip Gu, Eric Clifford, Andrew Gilman, Christopher Chang, Elizabeth Moss, David I. Fudman, Phillip Kilgore, Urska Cvek, Marjan Trutschl, J. Steven Alexander, Ezra Burstein, Moheb Boktor
Summary: This study examines the impact of a financial assistance program on outcomes and healthcare resource utilization in indigent IBD patients. The results suggest that enrollment in the program is associated with a lower likelihood of surgery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaganpreet Kaur, Yuefan Song, Ke Xia, Kevin McCarthy, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Norman R. Harris
Summary: Hyperglycemia significantly increases the shedding of heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the retinal endothelial glycocalyx. Hyperglycemia also affects the gene expression of enzymes involved in GAG biosynthesis, potentially as compensatory responses to glycocalyx loss. Changes in disaccharide compositions and sulfation of HS and CS are observed in both RRMECs and retinas of diabetic rats.
Article
Pathology
Allison Derise, Carey Ford, Nazar Hafiz, Sudha Pandit, Aditya Vyas, Samuel Igbinedion, James Morris, Paul Jordan, Qiang Cai, Jonathan Steven Alexander
Summary: Legalization/decriminalization of cannabis may lead to more patients with recent exposure to cannabis, but little is known about its interactions with Propofol anesthesia. This study presents three cases of 'cannabis-induced hypersalivation after propofol' (CHAP) and evaluates management options.
Article
Pathology
Hrishikesh Samant, Kapil Kohli, Krunal Patel, Runhua Shi, Paul Jordan, James Morris, Annie Schwartz, Jonathan Steven Alexander
Summary: This study investigated the impact of risk factors on HCC survival, including ethnic background, and found that AA patients at the medical center tended to be older at presentation, had more modifiable metabolic risk factors, and larger HCC burdens. These findings have important implications for prognosis and diagnosis in developing targeted HCC surveillance programs.
