Article
Forestry
Miaoping Xu, Junnan Jian, Jiayi Wang, Zhenjiao Zhang, Gaihe Yang, Xinhui Han, Chengjie Ren
Summary: The study found that in Robinia pseudoacacia plantations at different stages of forest succession, root nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiencies initially decrease and then increase, while rhizosphere soil nutrient contents increase with stand age. Meanwhile, the diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms initially increases and then declines, with different microbial communities having advantages in different nutrient-rich restoration stages.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Daniel Patko, Qizhi Yang, Yangminghao Liu, Panagiotis Falireas, Benoit Briou, Bhausaheb V. Tawade, Timothy S. George, Tim J. Daniell, Michael P. MacDonald, Vincent Ladmiral, Bruno Ameduri, Lionel X. Dupuy
Summary: In this study, smart soils were developed as artificial substrates for in situ observation of chemical changes in the rhizosphere. The transparency of smart soils was achieved using polymer particles with refractive index matching that of water, and pH changes were reported through fluorescence emissions. The technique accurately predicted pH and reconstructed the spatial distribution of chemical sensors, providing valuable insights into rhizosphere processes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maximilian Weiss, Zuzana Gajarska, Hans Lohninger, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Georg Ramer, Bernhard Lendl, Andreas Limbeck
Summary: The growing importance of fluoropolymers in high-tech applications and green technologies has led to an increased demand for their characterization. This study presents a novel approach for quantitative mapping of fluorine in fluoropolymer samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The approach is based on monitoring molecular emission bands arising from fluorine-containing molecules. The study evaluates two techniques - spray coating and sputter coating - for their effects on sensitivity and spatial resolution in elemental mapping.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Cameron Proctor, Yuhong He
Summary: The study found that soil depth and root influx are key determinants of rhizoplane concentration and subsequent net exudation, which affect the availability of effluxed compounds to the methanogen community.
Article
Forestry
Huijing Ni, Wenhui Su, Shaohui Fan, Haoyu Chu
Summary: Intensive management practices significantly promoted root development, growth, and biomass production in bamboo stands, enhancing root N, P, and K uptake and increasing aboveground biomass. However, these practices had notable negative effects on rhizosphere nutrient pools and biological properties, with potential impacts on soil functioning such as C sequestration and nutrient cycling.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amit Paporisch, Harel Bavli, Rachel J. Strickman, Rebecca B. Neumann, Nimrod Schwartz
Summary: Root exudates alter the physical properties of the rhizosphere, affecting solute transport in soil. Increased exudate concentrations lead to non-equilibrium solute transport, with more pronounced effects observed in coarser textured soil. Additionally, under unsaturated conditions, the presence of exudates results in altered solute breakthrough behavior.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hailong Xiao, Maoyin Sheng, Linjiao Wang, Chao Guo, Suili Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the response law and adaptation mechanism of karst plants to nitrogen deposition, and provide scientific bases for vegetation restoration and sustainable development in the southwest China karst area. Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Medicago sativa seedlings were used for the study. Results showed that nitrogen addition had significant effects on the fine root morphology and nutrient stoichiometric characteristics, with different impacts on different plants. Changing fine root specific root length and specific surface area was an important response strategy for nutrient absorption under nitrogen deposition.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Jingying Jing, Wei Gao, Lingyun Cheng, Xin Wang, Fengying Duan, Lixing Yuan, Zed Rengel, Fusuo Zhang, Haigang Li, James F. Cahill, Jianbo Shen
Summary: This study characterizes the responses of maize roots to nutrient-rich patches and demonstrates the synergistic effects between root morphological and physiological responses. These findings improve our understanding of root-foraging strategies and are crucial for sustainable crop production.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Xue Lei, Yuting Shen, Jianing Zhao, Jiajia Huang, Hui Wang, Yang Yu, Chunwang Xiao
Summary: Root exudates, an important form of material input from plants to soil, play a crucial role in regulating the carbon input and efflux of plant rhizosphere soil and maintaining the carbon and nutrient balance of the ecosystem. However, accurately measuring root exudates in native soils has been challenging. The ecological mechanism of soil organic carbon input and efflux mediated by root exudates is rarely comprehensively analyzed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lulu Xie, Wanting Li, Xueyong Pang, Qinghua Liu, Chunying Yin
Summary: Soil properties and plant root traits play crucial roles in shaping microbial communities. However, little is known about their importance in alpine shrub ecosystems, which are less studied.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Sanja Zivkovic, Asia Botto, Beatrice Campanella, Marco Lezzerini, Milos Momcilovic, Stefano Pagnotta, Vincenzo Palleschi, Francesco Poggialini, Stefano Legnaioli
Summary: In this study, a Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) equipment with microscopicscale spatial resolution was used to image the distribution of elements on real archeological samples. The results showed that it is possible to discriminate between materials of different composition for further mineral-petrographic investigations. The combined use of an unsupervised clustering algorithm and the calibration-free procedure proved to be effective in quick classification.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
John Lucchi, Dan Gluck, Sidney Rials, Larry Tang, Matthieu Baudelet
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful classification of 32 different samples using the elemental profile of tire rubber, analyzed by principal component analysis combined with linear discriminant analysis. With a classification accuracy close to 99%, it shows the growing use of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a technique for forensic analysis of tire rubber, opening the path for its use as forensic evidence.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xing Liu, Xiang Lu, Wenqiang Zhao, Sheng Yang, Jinwang Wang, Haitao Xia, Xin Wei, Junbiao Zhang, Lei Chen, Qiuxia Chen
Summary: In a field experiment conducted in a reclaimed area along the coast of Zhejiang, China, it was found that after 3 years of Albizzia julibrissin plantation, rhizosphere soil salinity decreased, nutrients increased, creating a favorable habitat for bacteria growth, forming a complex co-occurrence network that promoted nutrient cycling.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Oliver Wiche, Christine Dittrich, Olivier Pourret, Nthati Monei, Juliane Heim, Hans Lambers
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated how the availability of phosphorus (P) affects the accumulation of rare earth elements (REE) in plant species beyond the commonly explored REE-phosphate precipitation. They found that P-acquisition strategies and rhizosphere acidification, as well as the amount and composition of carboxylate release, influenced the accumulation of REE in plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mingzhi Zhang, Na Xiao, Haijian Yang, Yuan Li, Fangrong Gao, Jianbin Li, Zhenxing Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a new water-saving device on the bacterial community and root system of tomato plants. Results showed that a smaller micropore group spacing (L1: 30 cm) promoted the development of tomato root morphology and increased the abundance of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism genes in the soil. However, a lower capillary arrangement density (C2: one pipe for two rows) led to a decrease in bacterial community diversity and functional gene abundance, limiting nutrient absorption by the roots. The L1C2 treatment resulted in a stable bacterial community structure and improved root development, leading to higher tomato yield.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kelsey A. Morrison, Elizabeth H. Denis, Megan K. Nims, Alicia M. Broderick, Rachel C. Fausey, Harry J. Rose, Polly E. Gongwer, Robert G. Ewing
Summary: Measuring the vapor pressures of low-volatility explosives RDX and HMX closer to ambient conditions revealed discrepancies between previous high-temperature measurements and those near room temperature. Utilizing atmospheric flow tube-mass spectrometry with high sensitivity allowed for the first-time measurements of vapor pressures at lower temperatures. New vapor pressure values for RDX and HMX were reported, showing the potential underestimation of vapor pressures at room temperature based on extrapolation from high-temperature data.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Elizabeth H. Denis, Brady Z. Foreman, Katherine H. Freeman
Summary: The study reveals increased organic carbon degradation and greater proportions of refractory allochthonous carbon across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in both the Bighorn Basin and the Piceance Basin. It suggests that decreased clay content in soils, increased fluctuations in soil moisture, higher temperatures, and accelerated microbial decomposition rates contributed to reduced soil organic matter preservation during the PETM. These mechanisms destabilized soil carbon on millennial timescales, leading to sustained soil carbon degradation for tens of thousands of years during the PETM with sustained higher temperatures.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jamie R. Nunez, Monee Mcgrady, Yasemin Yesiltepe, Ryan S. Renslow, Thomas O. Metz
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elizabeth H. Denis, Kelsey A. Morrison, Sonia Wharton, Shane Phillips, Stephen C. Myers, Michael P. Foxe, Robert G. Ewing
Summary: This study investigated the detection and quantification of intact molecules of high explosive compounds in post-detonation dust, using atmospheric flow tube-mass spectrometry technology. Results showed that the aerial distribution of molecular residue correlated with plume dynamics, which were influenced by wind conditions. The quantity of material detected appeared to be more dependent on distance from the shot and wind conditions rather than shot size.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
James Moran, Casey McGrath
Summary: The rhizosphere is a complex biogeochemical zone that is difficult to study, but emerging instrumentation and methodologies are providing improved resolution to measurements and helping to address critical knowledge gaps in rhizosphere function.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Madison R. Blumer, Christine H. Chang, Evangelina Brayfindley, Jamie R. Nunez, Sean M. Colby, Ryan S. Renslow, Thomas O. Metz
Summary: MSAC is an automated Python tool for calculating the adduct ion masses of a parent molecule, including a database of 147 potential adducts and their mass-to-charge ratios. Users can calculate expected m/z based on supplied molecular formulas to help create identification libraries.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David S. Wishart, Zinat Sayeeda, Zachary Budinski, AnChi Guo, Brian L. Lee, Mark Berjanskii, Manoj Rout, Harrison Peters, Raynard Dizon, Robert Mah, Claudia Torres-Calzada, Mickel Hiebert-Giesbrecht, Dorna Varshavi, Dorsa Varshavi, Eponine Oler, Dana Allen, Xuan Cao, Vasuk Gautam, Andrew Maras, Ella F. Poynton, Pegah Tavangar, Vera Yang, Jeffrey A. van Santen, Rajarshi Ghosh, Saurav Sarma, Eleanor Knutson, Victoria Sullivan, Amy M. Jystad, Ryan Renslow, Lloyd W. Sumner, Roger G. Linington, John R. Cort
Summary: NP-MRD is a comprehensive electronic resource for NMR data on natural products, metabolites, and other biologically derived chemicals. It is funded by NIH and has quickly become the world's largest repository for NMR data on natural products. The database contains both structural and NMR data for nearly 41,000 natural product compounds from over 7400 different living species, and is accessible at https://np-mrd.org.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel M. Cleary, Tim Linley, Jason Kriesel, Andrew Fahrland, James F. Kelly, James J. Moran
Summary: Capillary Absorption Spectroscopy (CAS) is a new analytical technique for stable isotope analysis, demonstrating the ability to quantify C-13 variations and calibrating system response to (CO2)-C-13. It can be used to measure rates of biogeochemical processes and has potential applications in tracking and quantifying (CO2)-C-13 in high temporal resolution.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Richard Allen White, Joshua Rosnow, Paul D. Piehowski, Colin J. Brislawn, James J. Moran
Summary: The rhizosphere is a highly diverse microbial ecosystem on Earth but is difficult to study due to challenges in sampling, hindering our understanding of the functions, drivers, and interactions within this dynamic region.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Megan K. Nims, Angela M. Melville, James J. Moran, Kristin H. Jarman, Bob W. Wright
Summary: Billions of dollars are lost annually in the US due to fuel tax fraud. Compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was investigated to identify fuel fraud. Variability in isotopic ratios of toluene samples from different sources was found, enabling the differentiation of potential fuel adulterants. Selective solvent extraction, ionic liquid coated solid phase microextraction (SPME), and a combination of the two were identified as effective methods for aromatic isolation and analysis.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yasemin Yesiltepe, Niranjan Govind, Thomas O. Metz, Ryan S. Renslow
Summary: The majority of primary and secondary metabolites in nature have yet to be identified, posing a major challenge for metabolomics studies. Complete chemical characterization of metabolomes is currently infeasible due to technical and economic limitations. Computationally predicted data can be a viable solution to expand metabolite reference libraries, but accuracy is crucial. A study using simulated experimental and theoretical NMR chemical shift databases found that a certain level of accuracy is required for confident identification of metabolites in different samples.
JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
James J. Moran, Timothy J. Linley, Camille N. Makarem, James F. Kelly, Eric D. Wilcox Freeburg, Daniel M. Cleary, M. Lizabeth Alexander, Jason M. Kriesel
Summary: The rhizosphere plays a crucial role in nutrient acquisition by plant roots and biomass production. Researchers have developed a method combining laser ablation sampling with capillary absorption spectroscopy for spatially resolved analysis of rhizosphere samples. This technique allows for tracking the extent and spatial distribution of root exudate into the rhizosphere at highly detailed spatial scales.
Article
Soil Science
Elias K. Zegeye, Vivian S. Lin, Jamie R. Nunez, Nick A. Sconzo, Samuel O. Purvine, Aaron T. Wright, James J. Moran
Summary: Chitin is a highly abundant soil biopolymer that plays a key role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Understanding the factors that control chitin breakdown under different environmental conditions requires further research. Rhizosphere microbiomes and root exudates have been found to be important in chitin catabolism.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
William Kew, Rene M. Boiteau, John M. Eiler, Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic, James J. Moran
Summary: Subtle variations in stable isotope ratios at natural abundance provide critical insights into various processes. Fourier transform mass spectrometry, particularly Orbitrap mass spectrometry, has shown promising results in accurately and precisely measuring the natural abundance isotope ratios. It can be used for both small compounds and larger molecules, and can also be combined with online liquid chromatography.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Poonam Phalak, Hans C. Bernstein, Stephen R. Lindemann, Ryan S. Renslow, Dennis G. Thomas, Michael A. Henson, Hyun-Seob Song
Summary: Autotroph-heterotroph interactions are common in natural environments and play a crucial role in ecosystem functions. This study developed metabolic network models for two autotroph-heterotroph biofilm consortia and analyzed microbial interactions under varying environmental variables.
Article
Soil Science
C. Beraud, F. Piola, J. Gervaix, G. Meiffren, C. Creuze des Chatelliers, A. Delort, C. Boisselet, S. Poussineau, E. Lacroix, A. A. M. Cantarel
Summary: This study investigated the soil factors influencing the development of biological denitrification inhibition (BDI) and found that initial soil moisture, ammonium concentration, and the initial abundance of certain microbial genes play significant roles in BDI development. Additionally, the research highlighted the relevance of biotic factors in explaining BDI and proposed the use of procyanidin concentration from plant belowground system as a new proxy for measuring BDI intensity.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Yizhu Qiao, Tingting Wang, Qiwei Huang, Hanyue Guo, He Zhang, Qicheng Xu, Qirong Shen, Ning Ling
Summary: Soil microbial community coalescence, the mixing and interaction of microbial communities, has been found to enhance the stability and complexity of rhizobacterial networks, leading to improved plant health and biomass. This study investigated the effects of different degrees of bacterial community coalescence on plant disease resistance by mixing soils from healthy and diseased habitats for watermelon planting. The results showed that mixing in more healthy soil reduced the plant disease index and increased biomass by improving the stability and complexity of the rhizobacterial network. Core taxa Nitrospirillum and Singulisphaera were enriched in the rhizosphere from healthy soils and played important roles in disease suppression and regulating the positive cohesion and modularity of the networks. Overall, these findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of microbial community coalescence for improving plant microbial community function and suggest new tools for enhancing plant fitness via soil microbiota mixing.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Mengqiu He, Shending Chen, Lei Meng, Xiaoqian Dan, Wenjie Wang, Qinying Zhu, Zucong Cai, Jinbo Zhang, Pierfrancesco Nardi, Christoph Mueller
Summary: Maize genotypes directly affect gene expression and nitrogen uptake capacity. The feedback between maize genotypes and soil nitrogen transformations, as well as their regulations on nitrogen uptake capacity, have been studied. The findings suggest that maize genotypes play a central role in regulating these feedbacks, which are important for maize breeding and enhancing maize production.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Ke Shi, Jiahui Liao, Xiaoming Zou, Han Y. H. Chen, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Zhengming Yan, Tingting Ren, Honghua Ruan
Summary: Through rewilding, microbial extracellular and cellular residues can continuously accumulate in soils and significantly contribute to soil organic carbon sequestration. Extracellular residues are mainly driven by fine root biomass, while cellular residues are mainly driven by soil nitrogen and organic carbon content.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Sensen Chen, Ying Teng, Yongming Luo, Eiko Kuramae, Wenjie Ren
Summary: This study comprehensively assesses the effects of NMs on the soil microbiome through a global meta-analysis. The results reveal significant negative impacts of NMs on soil microbial diversity, biomass, activity, and function. Metal NMs, especially Ag NMs, have the most pronounced negative effects on various soil microbial community metrics.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Shareen K. D. Sanders, Gerard Martinez-De Leon, Ludovico Formenti, Madhav P. Thakur
Summary: Collembolans, the diverse group of soil invertebrates, are affected by anthropogenic climate warming, which alters their diversity and density. In addition to abiotic stressors, changes in food availability, specifically the abundance of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, influence Collembola responses to climate warming. Collembolans prefer saprotrophic fungi but rely on mycorrhizal fungi when food sources are scarce. Understanding the mechanisms behind these dietary shifts in warm-dry and warm-wet soil conditions is crucial for predicting the impact of climate change on Collembola-fungal interactions.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Wimonsiri Pingthaisong, Sergey Blagodatsky, Patma Vityakon, Georg Cadisch
Summary: A study found that mixing high-C/N ratio rice straw with low-C/N ratio groundnut stover can improve the chemical composition of the input, stimulate microbial growth, decrease the loss of residue-derived carbon in the soil, and reduce native soil carbon and nitrogen consumption.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Jiachen Wang, Jie Zhao, Rong Yang, Xin Liu, Xuyuan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaoyong Chen, Wende Yan, Kelin Wang
Summary: Nitrogen is vital for ecosystem productivity, restoration, and succession processes. This study found that legume intercropping was more effective than chemical nitrogen fertilizers in promoting the complexity and stability of the soil micro-food web, as it increased microbial and nematode communities and enhanced energy flow patterns.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)