Review
Plant Sciences
Santiago Nicolas Freytes, Micaela Canelo, Pablo D. Cerdan
Summary: In seasonal flowering of plants, a complex network of genes and proteins regulates the formation of floral meristems, ensuring flower production without compromising the function of the shoot apical meristem.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroshi Takagi, Andrew K. Hempton, Takato Imaizumi
Summary: The timing of flowering is important for sexual reproduction, crop yield, biomass and lifespan. The mechanisms of flowering are conserved in angiosperms, and understanding the regulation of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene is crucial. Many transcriptional regulators influence FT expression, but the coordination of their control on the spatiotemporal expression patterns of FT requires further investigation.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nazeer Fataftah, Pushan Bag, Domenique Andre, Jenna Lihavainen, Bo Zhang, Par K. Ingvarsson, Ove Nilsson, Stefan Jansson
Summary: The GI gene plays a central role in plant development and leaf senescence, with reduced GI expression affecting growth and leaf traits in hybrid aspen trees. The study found that GI-RNAi induced leaf senescence under LD and moderate light conditions, as well as affecting responses to autumn cues. Overexpression of GI delayed senescence under simulated autumn conditions, highlighting the importance of GI in sensing environmental changes and regulating leaf senescence in Populus.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rebecca Pieper, Filipa Tome, Artem Pankin, Maria von Korff
Summary: FT-like genes play a crucial role in regulating flowering time in angiosperm plants. In barley, the HvFT4 gene specifically delays flowering time and suppresses reproductive development, impacting spikelet formation and grain yield. Understanding the genetic basis of FT-like genes can lead to novel breeding strategies for improving barley productivity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Julien Venail, Paolo Henrique da Silva Santos, Joao Ricardo Manechini, Leonardo Cardosos Alves, Maximiliano Scarpari, Thais Falcao, Elisson Romanel, Michael Brito, Renato Vicentini, Lucia Pinto, Stephen Derek Jackson
Summary: Sugarcane is an important economic crop, but its flowering negatively affects yields and the molecular mechanisms controlling flowering are not well understood. The study identified FT-like genes in the sugarcane gene family that play important roles in floral induction.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Huijin Fan, Renying Zhuo, Huiyuan Wang, Jing Xu, Kangming Jin, Biyun Huang, Guirong Qiao
Summary: A comprehensive study was conducted on Ma bamboo to understand the molecular regulatory mechanism of bamboo flowering. The results identified differentially expressed genes related to the flowering pathway, with DlFT1 being a candidate gene that promotes flowering in bamboo. These findings provide a better understanding of the roles of florigen genes in bamboo and have implications for regulating bamboo flowering in the future.
Article
Plant Sciences
Brendan M. Kupke, Matthew R. Tucker, Jason A. Able, Kenton D. Porker
Summary: Matching flowering time to the optimal period is crucial for maximizing yield in Mediterranean cropping zones. Plant hormonal products, particularly gibberellin (GA), have shown potential for altering development and delaying flowering in barley. Trinexapac-ethyl, a GA inhibitor, was able to delay flowering and extend pre-anthesis phases of development in genetically diverse barley cultivars.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Tom Bennett, Laura E. Dixon
Summary: EuPEBP proteins play crucial roles in regulating developmental transitions in flowering plants, with FT and TFL1 being identified as key players. The evolution patterns of EuPEBP proteins show significant divergence between monocots and eudicots.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaorui Xu, Jingya Xu, Chen Yuan, Qianqian Chen, Qinggang Liu, Xuming Wang, Cheng Qin
Summary: BBX17, a member of the B-box (BBX) family, acts as a repressor of floral transition under long-day conditions. It interacts with CONSTANS (CO) and represses its ability to control FT expression, leading to delayed flowering phenotype in plants overexpressing BBX17. Additionally, the degradation of BBX17 is regulated by light and requires COP1 and 26S proteasome, making it a key factor in controlling flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
S. F. Prewitt, A. Shalit-Kaneh, S. N. Maximova, M. J. Guiltinan
Summary: This study identified and characterized a cacao candidate florigen gene, TcFLOWERING LOCUS T (TcFT), demonstrating its key role in regulating flowering time in cacao plants. Additionally, overexpression of AtFT in cacao tissues resulted in the formation of flowers in tissue culture, providing further evidence of the highly conserved function of FT in controlling flowering.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingya Xu, Yuzhen Zhang, Hongjia Ren, Runyi Yu, Chen Yuan, Yikai Hu, Rumeng Xu, Xuming Wang, Cheng Qin
Summary: Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are crucial proteins in mitochondria, with AtVDAC1 playing a role in the floral transition and being widely expressed in Arabidopsis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hannah Kinmonth-Schultz, Anna Lewandowska-Sabat, Takato Imaizumi, Joy K. Ward, Odd Arne Rognli, Siri Fjellheim
Summary: In Arabidopsis thaliana, the genes CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) play crucial roles in perceiving photoperiod and vernalization, and regulate FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) to affect flowering time. Research has shown that FT is only expressed at low FLC levels, and the interactions among these three genes can influence flowering time in genetically distinct accessions of Arabidopsis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hang Zhao, Zhiyu Tian, Guoyi Song, Shuanglu Xiang, Yi Wang, Yan He, Xiaoran Lv, Jie Wang, Zhongzhou Yang, Yongsheng Liu, Dongliang Wang, Wei Li
Summary: Late flowering in pumpkin is a challenge in agriculture production. This study identified key genes and a mutation in the promoter region that control flowering time in pumpkin. These findings have important implications for breeding early-maturing pumpkin varieties.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Huaxiang Xu, Xi Guo, Youjin Hao, Geng Lu, Dan Li, Junxing Lu, Tao Zhang
Summary: Research on PEBP genes in Perilla frutescens revealed PfFT1 plays a crucial role in promoting flowering by regulating the expression of flowering-related genes, and its gene expression shows diurnal rhythm.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Siyan Ou, Zhihao Xu, Cuishan Mai, Bodi Li, Jinxiang Wang
Summary: This study identified a phosphorus starvation-responsive NF-YA8 in soybean and found that its overexpression in Arabidopsis inhibits plant growth and delayed flowering. The overexpression of GmNF-YA8 downregulates the expression of genes encoding GA synthesis enzymes, leading to the inactivation of bioactive GAs. In addition, overexpression of GmNF-YA8 reduces the transcript levels of flowering-promoting genes in Arabidopsis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Diksha Kalia, Joel Jose-Santhi, Ravi Kumar, Rajesh Kumar Singh
Summary: This study isolated a group of genes in saffron and found that they play an important regulatory role in the process of flowering.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Klaus-Peter Goetz, Frank-M Chmielewski, Danuse Tarkowska, Ales Pencik, Ondrej Novak
Summary: This study was conducted to assess the involvement of gibberellins (GAs), cytokinins (CKs), and auxins (AX) in the dormancy of sweet cherry buds. The results showed that these hormone groups did not exhibit significant changes during the transition between different dormancy phases. However, there were specific changes in the content of bioactive molecules during ontogenetic development.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gozde S. Demirer, Donald J. Gibson, Xiaoyan Yue, Kelly Pan, Eshel Elishav, Hitaishi Khandal, Guy Horev, Danuse Tarkowska, Alex Canto-Pastor, Shuyao Kong, Concepcion Manzano, Julin N. Maloof, Sigal Savaldi-Goldstein, Siobhan M. Brady
Summary: Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is essential for basic biological processes in plants. Plants adjust their root system architecture (RSA) and cellular processes to cope with Pi deficiency, but this adaptation comes with a growth penalty. Excessive application of Pi fertilizer causes eutrophication and has negative environmental consequences. By comparing different aspects of tomato and its wild relative under Pi sufficiency and deficiency conditions, the study reveals the molecular mechanisms of Pi deprivation response in tomato and identifies an alternative adaptation strategy to phosphate starvation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manikandan Veerabagu, Christiaan van der Schoot, Veronika Tureckova, Danuse Tarkowska, Miroslav Strnad, Paeivi L. H. Rinne
Summary: Perennial para- and endo-dormancy are seasonally separate phenomena. Para-dormancy is the suppression of axillary buds (AXBs) by a growing shoot, while endo-dormancy is the short-day elicited arrest of terminal and AXBs. ABA and GA play important roles in both phenomena. Blocking ABA biosynthesis reduced ABA levels, upregulated GA3ox-biosynthetic genes, and initiated branching, while blocking GA(4) biosynthesis promoted callose deposition and endo-dormancy. The results provide new insights into the roles of ABA and GA in dormancy cycling.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zsuzsanna Merai, Fei Xu, Andreas Musilek, Florian Ackerl, Sarhan Khalil, Luz Mayela Soto-Jimenez, Katarina Lalatovic, Cornelia Klose, Danuse Tarkowska, Veronika Tureckova, Miroslav Strnad, Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid
Summary: The role of light in seed germination differs among plants. In Arabidopsis, light is required to initiate germination, while in Aethionema arabicum, white light inhibits germination. This study identified a mutant, koy-1, in A. arabicum that lost light inhibition of germination due to a mutation in the HEME OXYGENASE 1 gene, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the phytochrome chromophore.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jana Balarynova, Barbora Klcova, Danuse Tarkowska, Veronika Tureckova, Oldrich Trneny, Martina Spundova, Sergio Ochatt, Petr Smykal
Summary: The study found that wild pea seeds had a more diverse combination of bioactive gibberellins (GAs) and higher abscisic acid (ABA) content compared to domesticated pea seeds. This research provides insight into the impact of domestication on phytohormone levels in legume seeds, particularly in relation to seed dormancy. The findings suggest that domestication has led to changes in the composition of bioactive GAs and a decrease in ABA content during seed development in peas.
Article
Plant Sciences
Adity Majee, Diksha Kumari, Vidhu A. Sane, Rajesh Kumar Singh
Summary: The thermotolerant ability of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in plants has been studied, with recent focus on their function in non-stress plant growth and development. Their involvement in flowering has been suggested, as lower levels of HSFs/HSPs affect flowering in Arabidopsis. Genetic and molecular studies of Arabidopsis mutants have identified an association between HSFs/HSPs and temperature-mediated regulation of flowering, but the underlying genetic mechanism remains unclear. This article outlines the possible integration between HSFs/HSPs and temperature-dependent pathways in plants regulating flowering, and discusses similar pathways in thermoperiodic geophytic plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Agata Daszkowska-Golec, Devang Mehta, R. Glen Uhrig, Agnieszka Braszewska, Ondrej Novak, Irene M. Fontana, Michael Melzer, Tomasz Plociniczak, Marek Marzec
Summary: We used a combination of transcriptomics, proteomics, and phytohormonomics analyses to investigate the SL-dependent mechanisms associated with water deficit response in barley. Our research revealed the role of SLs in alleviating the effects of water limitation on plants and identified potential strategies for developing drought-resistant barley.
Article
Developmental Biology
Elena A. Zemlyanskaya, Viacheslav Zemlianski, Ales Pencik, Dior R. Kelley, Yka Helariutta, Ondrej Novak, Kamil Ruzicka
Summary: Research has found that m6A modification can affect auxin-related defects and auxin signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, as well as lead to defects in endodermal patterning in the primary root.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tomas Vlcko, Danuse Tarkowska, Jitka Siroka, Ales Pencik, Radim Simersky, Ivo Chamrad, Rene Lenobel, Ondrej Novak, Ludmila Ohnoutkova
Summary: Inositol phosphates are crucial primary metabolites involved in protein interactions and phosphate storage. They play a role in protein degradation and have an impact on plant hormone signal transduction. The study of barley mutants revealed the importance of inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6 kinases (ITPKs) in hormone synthesis and root growth regulation. Proteome analysis showed significant differences in root proteomes between mutant and wild-type plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Batist Geldhof, Ondrej Novak, Bram van de Poel
Summary: Waterlogging-induced hypoxia in the root zone leads to adaptive responses in the shoot, such as leaf epinasty. This study analyzed the dynamics of multiple hormones in tomato leaves during waterlogging, revealing that leaf age determines hormone homeostasis and modulates changes during waterlogging. Early hormonal signals, including ethylene and abscisic acid, were found to induce epinasty, while the balance of indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinins in the petiole ultimately regulates differential growth.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kristoffer Jonsson, Yuan Ma, Anne-Lise Routier-Kierzkowska, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
Summary: To survive, plants adapt their body shape by rapidly bending their organs using strategies that differ from those of soft animal tissues. This article attempts to summarize and link different viewpoints on bending mechanisms, including genes and signalling, mathematical modelling, and biomechanics. The authors argue that quantifying cell growth and physical forces can bring a new level of understanding to bending and resolve its paradoxes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ivan Petr, Ales Pencik, Jakub Styskala, Lenka Tranova, Petra Amakorova, Miroslav Strnad, Ondrej Novak
Summary: The study introduces a novel approach using ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPSFC-MS/MS) for the quantification of plant hormones. Compared to traditional UHPLC-MS/MS methods, this new approach offers a shorter total run time and lower matrix effect.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Eva Luptakova, Armelle Vigouroux, Radka Koncitikova, Martina Kopecna, David Zalabak, Ondrej Novak, Sara Salcedo Sarmiento, Sanja Cavar Zeljkovic, David Jaroslav Kopecny, Klaus von Schwartzenberg, Miroslav Strnad, Lukas Spichal, Nuria De Diego, David Kopecny, Solange Morera
Summary: Cells save energy during nitrogen starvation by selectively autophagocytosing ribosomes and degrading RNA. The preference of plant NRHs for nucleosides influences their breakdown and has consequences for plant growth and metabolism.