Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li Gong, Ann Holbourn, Wolfgang Kuhnt, Bradley Opdyke, Yan Zhang, Ana Christina Ravelo, Peng Zhang, Jian Xu, Kenji Matsuzaki, Ivano Aiello, Sebastian Beil, Nils Andersen
Summary: The sensitivity of the Australian Monsoon to changing climate boundary conditions remains controversial, but this study reveals that it primarily responds to precessional insolation forcing and later exhibits heightened sensitivity to ice volume and CO2 related feedbacks. The variability of the summer monsoon is closely related to the thermal evolution of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and the strength of the Walker circulation. Meanwhile, the productivity proxy records consistently track glacial-interglacial variability, reflecting changes in polar ice fluctuations and Hadley circulation strength. The study concludes that the Australian Monsoon underwent a major re-organization and extratropical feedbacks were crucial in driving short- and long-term variability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Farkhondeh Asadi, Shokoofeh Afkhami, Farideh Asadi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a training course on poisoning coding rules based on ICD-10 on clinical coders.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingbo Yang, Jiacheng Jiang, Zongyu Li, Jiayi Liang, Yaozu Xiang
Summary: Mitochondria, as the energy powerhouse of cells, have their own unique genome separate from the nuclear genome. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can lead to diseases and health issues, but editing these genes effectively remains a challenge. Current gene editing technologies have been explored for mitochondrial gene editing, but further research and optimization are needed for their application in this specific area.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhongsen Li, Rui Ma, Dan Liu, Mingyue Wang, Ting Zhu, Yanxue Deng
Summary: CRISPR Cas9-mediated genome editing and base editing technologies have shown promising results in plant gene editing, with prime editing demonstrating high efficiency and precision. However, addressing the issue of inconsistent editing efficiencies across different target sites remains a challenge.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Maci L. Mueller, John B. Cole, Natalie K. Connors, David J. Johnston, Imtiaz A. S. Randhawa, Alison L. Van Eenennaam
Summary: The study demonstrates that strong selection pressure on polled will be necessary due to the limited number of polled Australian Brahman bulls in order to significantly increase the number of polled animals in this population. Additionally, these scenarios illustrate how gene editing could be used as a tool to accelerate the development of high-genetic-merit homozygous polled sires in the Australian Brahman population to mitigate the trade-off of slower genetic gain associated with decreasing HORNED allele frequency.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shao Wei Hu, Tao Ding, Honghai Tang, Huiping Guo, Wenguo Cui, Yilai Shu
Summary: With the advancement of genome editing techniques, gene therapy is increasingly being used for the treatment of various human diseases. Nanomaterials have shown great potential in improving the efficiency and safety of gene editing in gene therapy. This review introduces three gene editing tools, with a particular focus on the development and optimization of the CRISPR system. It also discusses the recent application of nanobiomaterials in gene therapy, along with the prospects and remaining challenges. Lastly, future directions for gene editing tools, nanobiomaterial vectors, and gene therapy are presented.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Tao, Yanhong Wang, Yun Hu, Yaoge Jiao, Lifang Zhou, Lurong Jiang, Li Li, Xingyu He, Min Li, Yamei Yu, Qiang Chen, Shaohua Yao
Summary: A novel prime editor, WT-PE, was designed in this study by fusing reverse transcriptase (RT) to nuclease wild-type Cas9, enabling efficient editing of large genomic fragments. The WT-PE system introduced a double strand break (DSB) and a single 3' extended flap in the target site, and coupled with paired prime editing guide RNAs (pegRNAs), it achieved bi-directional prime editing, allowing versatile and efficient large-scale genome editing. This WT-PE system has great potential for modeling or treating diseases related to large-fragment aberrations.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marcelo Calderon, Sarah Hedtrich
Summary: This article discusses the design and biological assessment of delivery systems for gene editing tools like CRISPR in skin and mucosal surfaces, highlighting the current state-of-the-art, current knowledge, and translational gaps towards improved translation.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin-Guang Zhu, Jian-Kang Zhu
Summary: The de novo domestication process has the potential to leverage desirable traits of wild plants quickly, introducing a novel staple food crop to support global food security as demonstrated in the recent study by Yu et al. in Cell.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juliana Popovitz, Rohit Sharma, Reyhane Hoshyar, Beob Soo Kim, Niren Murthy, Kunwoo Lee
Summary: The field of gene editing has been the subject of significant attention due to its potential for therapeutic applications. This review focuses on the use of mRNA delivery for gene editing therapeutics and discusses the engineering and improvement of gene editing technology. It also examines ex vivo and in vivo gene editing techniques and explores the future of CRISPR and base editing systems.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chunwei Zheng, Bin Liu, Xiaolong Dong, Nicholas Gaston, Erik J. Sontheimer, Wen Xue
Summary: Targeted insertion of large DNA fragments using prime editing (PE) has shown promise for genome engineering and gene therapy. However, the efficiency of inserting larger fragments (>400bp) remains low and in vivo application has not been demonstrated. Inspired by retrotransposons, researchers have developed a template-jumping (TJ) PE approach which allows for the insertion of large DNA fragments with high efficiency and without double-stranded DNA breaks.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xing Yin, Romain Harmancey, David D. McPherson, Hyunggun Kim, Shao-Ling Huang
Summary: The efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas remains a challenge in gene editing, but liposomes provide a promising approach to enhance the delivery of CRISPR/Cas and guide RNA. Liposomes facilitate endosomal escape and offer spatial and temporal control of cargo release, making them an effective tool for precise and efficient genetic modifications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gregory A. Newby, David R. Liu
Summary: Recent advances in genome editing technologies have made single-dose cures for genetic diseases more promising. Base editors and prime editors offer greater precision and efficiency compared to nuclease-dependent editing approaches, with less unwanted byproducts. Delivery of these editors in animal models has shown promise for in vivo therapeutic genome editing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric N. Olson
Summary: Recent advances in gene editing technologies show potential for correcting devastating monogenic disorders like Duchenne muscular dystrophy by eliminating underlying genetic mutations. However, challenges remain in optimizing gene editing, delivering editing components throughout muscle tissue, and managing possible immune responses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Congting Guo, Xiaoteng Ma, Fei Gao, Yuxuan Guo
Summary: Gene editing involves precise changes to specific nucleic acid sequences. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized gene editing, making it efficient, convenient, and programmable. However, off-target effects remain a major concern, leading to unexpected alterations in the genome. Various methods have been developed to detect and mitigate these off-target effects, advancing the precision of CRISPR/Cas9 derivatives. This review summarizes these technological advancements and discusses the challenges in managing off-target effects for future gene therapy.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)