Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ruijing Zhu, Rongxi Li, Xiaoli Wu, Xiaoli Qin, Bangsheng Zhao, Futian Liu, Di Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the fluid inclusions in the Permian sandstone and Ordovician dolomite reservoirs in the central-southern Ordos Basin, finding two phases of fluid inclusions that recorded the history of natural gas formation and accumulation. The diagenetic fluids in these reservoirs showed medium-low temperature and moderate-low salinity, with natural gas accumulation being related to the Yanshanian tectonic movement.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gaoming Wei, Hu Wen, Jun Deng, Li Ma, Zhenbao Li, Changkui Lei, Shixing Fan, Yin Liu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that liquid CO2 injection can increase the recovery rate of coalbed methane, with the sweep efficiency of CH4 recovery reaching over 92.0% under low-pressure injection. The competitive adsorption between CO2 and CH4 enhances CH4 recovery, while the dilution effect of high-concentration CO2 leads to inefficiency in methane extraction. In-situ tests in Chinese mining areas have demonstrated that the effective migration radius of CO2 in coalbeds can exceed 15m, significantly improving methane extraction rates and reducing extraction times.
Article
Microbiology
Yang Li, Jian Chen, Shuheng Tang, Zhaodong Xi
Summary: The rise of coalbed methane bioengineering allows for the conversion and utilization of carbon dioxide through microbial action and the carbon cycle. Hydraulic fracturing improves the natural permeability of tight reservoirs, enhances the living conditions of microbial communities, and strengthens the carbon circulation process in coal reservoirs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Han Wang, Xiaoyang Zhang, Caifang Wu, Guangwei Cheng, Binbin Hu, Licui Fu, Meiru Zhang
Summary: The production of coalbed methane (CBM) wells in the Qinshui Basin varies greatly, therefore understanding the factors influencing productivity is crucial. This study used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify drainage types and key factors affecting gas and water production. The results showed that gas production correlated positively with the comprehensive PCA score and identified gas-bearing property, permeability, groundwater fluid potential, and burial depth as important controlling factors. The study also highlighted the importance of gas content in determining CBM well productivity.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Elliott P. Barnhart, Leslie F. Ruppert, Randy Hiebert, Heidi J. Smith, Hannah D. Schweitzer, Arthur C. Clark, Edwin P. Weeks, William H. Orem, Matthew S. Varonka, George Platt, Jenna L. Shelton, Katherine J. Davis, Robert J. Hyatt, Jennifer C. McIntosh, Kilian Ashley, Shuhei Ono, Anna M. Martini, Keith C. Hackley, Robin Gerlach, Lee Spangler, Adrienne J. Phillips, Mark Barry, Alfred B. Cunningham, Matthew W. Fields
Summary: Research has found that complex carbon-containing nutrients can stimulate methane production in coal beds, which has significant implications for understanding biogenic methane production and the formation of methane from underground carbon.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yabing Lin, Yong Qin, Zhonghui Duan, Dongmin Ma, Long Chen
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between in-situ stress and permeability in low-rank CBM blocks, concluding that the coal reservoir in the Binchang block is in a state of relative tension. A stress-permeability model and geological model were established, showing that permeability is most sensitive to maximum horizontal stress and least sensitive to vertical stress. The model suggests that highly permeable zones develop at specific burial depths due to structural conditions created by relative tension stress.
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Christopher P. Green, Andy Wilkins, Jonathan Ennis-King, Tara LaForce
Summary: The geomechanical response of a porous reservoir to fluid injection is complex and can be predicted using simplified analytical models or detailed numerical simulations. The study compares analytical and numerical solutions for fluid and temperature fronts, finding qualitative agreement for some quantities but not others. While the LaForce et al. (2014a,b) solutions are useful for rapid investigation, MOOSE software offers enhancements for more sophisticated analyses and should be preferred.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Junqiang Kang, Xuehai Fu, Jian Shen, Shun Liang, Hao Chen, Fuhua Shang
Summary: Coal structure is an important parameter affecting coalbed methane production and reservoir stimulation. However, there is little research on the vertical distribution of coal structure in high-thickness coal reservoirs (> 8 m) and the distribution law is not clear. This study analyzed logging parameters and used principal component analysis to obtain the cutoff value of coal structure division and predict the vertical distribution characteristics of coal structure. The results showed that different coal structures have different logging response characteristics, and the coal structure can be accurately inverted by combining multiple logging responses. The vertical coal structure of high-thickness coal reservoirs affects the fracturing effect and needs to be studied.
NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
H. J. Smith, H. D. Schweitzer, E. P. Barnhart, W. Orem, R. Gerlach, M. W. Fields
Summary: This study focused on the Birney test site in Montana, USA, using algal biomass as an amendment to examine its effect on organic matter degradation and enhanced CBM production potential. Results showed methane production was only detected in low sulfate wells, and different groups of syntrophic bacteria may play a key role in coal degradation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Ren, Qiong Wang, Dazhen Tang, Hao Xu, Shida Chen
Summary: In situ stress and coal structure are the key factors that influence hydraulic fracturing. The principal components analysis method is effective in simplifying logging data and improving recognition accuracy. Different stress fields result in different compositions and characteristics of coal seams and fractures.
NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
John Richard Bowersox, Stephen F. Greb, Junfeng Zhu, David C. Harris
Summary: The passage describes research conducted in Kentucky, USA on storing CO2 in the Rose Run sandstone, with geomechanical properties tested to evaluate its suitability as a potential storage reservoir.
JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lin Jiang, Yan Song, Wen Zhao, Dongmei Bo, Shaobo Liu, Jiaqing Hao
Summary: This study aims to elucidate the CBM enrichment mechanism in the southern Qinshui Basin, China, and provides new insights into CBM enrichment patterns. The findings reveal a high-yield model of CBM accumulation and the primary challenges for CBM development in China. This study represents a valuable contribution toward unlocking China's CBM potential through improved geological characterization.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kimberley A. Taylor, David Risk, James P. Williams, Grant D. Wach, Owen A. Sherwood
Summary: This study investigated the presence of methane in groundwater in the Stellarton Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada, finding that the majority of methane is of microbial origin, with some trace thermogenic gas likely originating from coal mines in the area. The data obtained in this study may be used as baseline information for future coal-bed methane operations in the region.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fang Lv, Ruidong Yang, Tongsheng Yi, Wei Gao, Xu Wang, Wei Cheng, Yan Zhang, Ronglei Li, Zhihua Yan, Yaohui Liu, Geng Li
Summary: In-situ stress plays a crucial role in the selection of coalbed methane exploration areas and affects the production capacity of coalbed methane wells. This study focuses on the relationships between parameters such as pore pressure, closure pressure, breakdown pressure, in-situ stress, coal permeability, and depth. The distribution of different in-situ stress states and a simplified model diagram of triaxial principal stress and depth are proposed. The control of in-situ stress on coal reservoir permeability is explored, and a strong positive correlation is found between permeability and lateral pressure coefficient k-values at shallow depths. The study also reveals a new relationship between permeability and effective in-situ stress that differs from previous studies.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lan Hoang, Thi Thuy Phung, Michael Urynowicz, Kim Anh To, Quoc Hung Le, Zaixing Huang, Hong Thanh Lai, Qiurong Wang, Rizwan Haider, Lan Huong Nguyen
Summary: The study provides quantitative data on coal samples, microbial communities, and biogenic methane potential in coal mines in the Red River Basin, Vietnam. Bacterial communities dominate over archaea in formation water, with Proteobacteria being the most abundant phylum. The methane production potential from coal through biotransformation is significant, showing the importance of indigenous microbial consortia in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jian Chen, Jiahe Shen, Jie Guo, Geoff Wang
Summary: Vibrating separation is an important method for liquid-solid separation. This study investigated the effect of vibration parameters in separation based on numerical simulation of large-scale liquid bridge breakage. The results showed that separation efficiency increased significantly with the peak acceleration, but growth slowed down after exceeding 1 m/s^2.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lingling Han, Xizhe Li, Wei Guo, Wei Ju, Yue Cui, Zhaoyi Liu, Chao Qian, Weijun Shen
Summary: This study examines the development characteristics and controlling factors of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Luzhou block, Southern China. The study reveals the importance of natural fractures in the storage and production of shale gas, and establishes quantitative limits for shale gas preservation. The findings provide valuable insights for further shale gas exploration and development in the southern Sichuan Basin.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sahil Garg, Mengran Li, Tanveer Hussain, Mohamed Nazmi Idros, Yuming Wu, Xiu Song Zhao, Geoff G. X. Wang, Thomas E. Rufford
Summary: We have developed a new strategy to improve the reactivity and durability of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA)-type electrolyzer for CO2 electrolysis to CO. By modifying the silver catalyst layer with urea, we have successfully promoted electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R), relieved limitations of alkali cation transport, and mitigated salt precipitation in the gas diffusion electrode. The urea-modified Ag catalyst exhibited significantly better CO selectivity and energy efficiency than the untreated Ag catalyst, and maintained stable performance over 200 hours. Our work provides an alternative approach to fabricating catalyst interfaces in MEAs, with important implications for CO2 electrolysis and fuel cells.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ke Xu, Haijun Yang, Hui Zhang, Wei Ju, Chao Li, Lu Fang, Zhimin Wang, Haiying Wang, Fang Yuan, Bin Zhao, Wei Zhang, Jingrui Liang
Summary: Onshore ultra-deep oil and gas resources are abundant and the effectiveness of fractures is crucial for the development of these reservoirs. This study focuses on the DB-4 ultra-deep gas reservoir in the Kuqa Depression and analyzes the fracture characteristics and effectiveness using geomechanical methods. The relationship between fracture effectiveness and oil and gas production capacity is established through simulated fracture opening. The findings provide geological reference for the efficient development of ultra-deep oil and gas resources in the Kuqa Depression and similar fractured reservoirs around the world.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuming Wu, Liam Charlesworth, Irving Maglaya, Mohamed Nazmi Idros, Mengran Li, Thomas Burdyny, Geoff Wang, Thomas E. Rufford
Summary: PTFE-embedded GDL can mitigate electrode flooding, increase electrochemical active area, and improve the stable operation time and Faradaic efficiency of CO2 electrolysis to CO.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ke Xu, Hui Zhang, Ruixia Dong, Wei Ju, Yani Xie, Deyu Cui, Lu Fang, Fang Yuan, Shujun Lai, Jingrui Liang, Wei Zhang, Bin Zhao
Summary: This study establishes 1D MEM and 3D HGM models to clarify the in situ stress distribution and influencing factors in the Kuqa Depression's Bozi gas field. The results indicate that the gas field is under extremely strong in situ stress conditions, with vertical stratification and significant influence from faulted anticline types and overthrusts. The use of highly deviated wells is more beneficial for hydrocarbon exploitation in the Bozi gas field.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junjian Zhang, Xuanxuan Chu, Chongtao Wei, Pengfei Zhang, Mingjun Zou, Boyang Wang, Fangkai Quan, Wei Ju
Summary: This paper focuses on the process simulation of coalbed methane (CBM) production and discusses the dynamic changes and NMR models' applicability. It emphasizes four aspects that need attention in the application of this technology in CBM production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Difei Zhao, Yinghai Guo, Geoff Wang, Xin Guan, Xueqing Zhou, Jing Liu
Summary: The influence of high-rank coal's pore characteristics on the physical properties, gas-bearing properties, and exploitation of coal reservoirs is becoming more prominent. This research analyzed the structure and fractal characteristics of reservoir pores in high-rank coal samples and established a natural classification system to describe the relationship between pore types and gas occurrence and transport mechanisms.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chen Zhang, Xinhua Xie, Yuan Li, Teng Zhang, Pengfei Ma, Yunsong Yu, Geoff Wang, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: This work proposes solutions to resolve catalyst deactivation caused by fly ash in SCR denitration systems using a deflector at the economizer outlet and an ash blocking device at the ash hopper outlet. New integrated models are developed to analyze the gas and solid flow field in a SCR reactor, and have been validated by particle image velocimetry experiment. The study finds that the use of curved deflectors effectively improves the distribution of fly ash and shows the best rectification effect.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xianggang Cheng, Wei Qiao, Linming Dou, Hu He, Wei Ju, Jinkui Zhang, Shikang Song, Heng Cui, Hengzhi Fang
Summary: The distribution of the in-situ stress field and its relationship with microseismic events were analyzed in the Gaojiapu Coal Mine. It was found that the maximum horizontal principal stress is concentrated in certain geological features such as folds, synclines, and fault footwalls. Areas with high maximum horizontal principal stress and lateral pressure coefficient show a higher frequency of high-energy microseismic events. The occurrence of 10(5)J high-energy microseismic events is more likely in areas with specific stress conditions.
GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lei Gong, Kouqi Liu, Wei Ju
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Wei Guo, Wei Ju, Majia Zheng, Weijun Shen, Jian Zhang, Pingping Liang, Shengyu Wang, Haohao Hu
Summary: This study investigates the present-day in situ stress orientations and magnitudes in the shale reservoir of the Haiba Block in the Sichuan Basin. The effects of stress on hydraulic fracturing, horizontal wells, and natural fracture reactivation are also discussed. The results provide insights into optimizing perforation orientation, hydraulic fracturing design, and enhancing gas production in shale gas reservoirs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chen Zhang, Chenyang Zhou, Yuan Li, Yunsong Yu, Jingfeng Zhang, Zaoxiao Zhang, Geoff Wang
Summary: New solvents are being explored as effective methods for enhancing reaction rates and reducing reaction energy barriers. The traditional approach for developing new solvents has reached a dead end, leading to the design of a breakthrough technique involving single atom solutions. Experiments have demonstrated the presence of single atoms in the solutions and their charge-producing effects, while a density functional theory model has been used to analyze microscale characteristics. This method has been applied to carbon dioxide capture, resulting in intensified CO2 desorption rates in the single atom solution system by controlling the reaction energy barrier. The results indicate that single atom solutions can generate a maximum voltage of 2.12 V and effectively utilize substantial waste heat below 373 K, contributing to near zero energy consumption.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wei Ju, Yu Zhong, Yan Liang, Lei Gong, Shuai Yin, Peiming Huang
Summary: Understanding the deformation and strain state of rock masses is crucial for various endeavors. Geomechanical modeling is an excellent method for simulating faulting and folding processes, which can replicate the geometry of fold structures and track strain and stress throughout deformation. This study investigates the impacts of various factors on structural styles and strain distributions during fault-propagation folding in the Kuqa Depression. The results indicate that fault friction, interlayer slip, and fault slice width are the most important parameters affecting the deformation geometry and strain patterns. Furthermore, the study provides insights into the exploration and development of oil and gas in similar geological conditions.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Ju, Peiming Huang, Yu Zhong, Haohao Hu, Yan Liang, Bo Liu, Xiaoli Zhang
Summary: Stress sensitivity, which is the variation of permeability caused by changes in pore throat, opening or closure of fractures under forces, is an important parameter in reservoir evaluation. Fractured sandstones under different fluids exhibit varying stress sensitivity, impacting oil and gas development. This study investigates the characteristics and mechanisms of stress sensitivity through experiments and analysis. The results show that fractured rocks exhibit greater stress sensitivity compared to unfractured rocks, and the permeability decreases with increasing effective stress. The permeability damage of fractured rocks decreases with low mineralization fluids but increases with high mineralization fluids. The results provide insights for the exploration and development of fractured tight reservoirs in the Kuqa Depression.
GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Weijiao Ma, Jinbu Li, Min Wang
Summary: The petroleum resource assessment obtained from laboratory tests on old core samples tends to underestimate the in situ resources. This study investigates the hydrocarbon loss and restoration by comparing preserved and exposed core samples. It is found that previous studies have severely underestimated the in situ hydrocarbon potential due to factors such as sample crushing and crucible waiting. A new restoration model is proposed to compensate for these losses.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shaoyun Chen, Yongqiang Yang, Longwei Qiu, Xiaojuan Wang, Erejep Habilaxim
Summary: Quartz cement is an important authigenic mineral in the tight sandstones of the Shaximiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin. This study analyzed the silicon sources of the quartz cement using mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and geochemical data. The results showed that smectite alteration and dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals were the primary sources of silicon for quartz cementation. Contributions from volcanic material hydrolysis and pressure solution were relatively minor. The presence of chlorite films inhibited the development of quartz overgrowths and had minimal impact on reservoir quality.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xing Jian, Ping Guan, Ling Fu, Wei Zhang, Xiaotian Shen, Hanjing Fu, Ling Wang
Summary: This study presents a synthesis of new detrital zircon dating results and published data from the Cenozoic Qaidam basin, revealing the spatiotemporal variation of detrital zircon age populations and supporting models of synchronous deformation in northern Tibet. The study emphasizes the importance of considering textural and sedimentological parameters in zircon provenance interpretations, as well as the need for integrated provenance analysis involving other detritus components.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Peketi, G. Sriram, A. Mazumdar, P. Dewangan, A. Zatale, V. Rajurkar, Gayatri Shirodkar, V. Mahale, V. Yatheesh
Summary: This study investigates 13 submarine seamounts in the southern Andaman volcanic arc and observes evidence of hydrothermal activity in one of the seamounts. The evidence includes plumes rich in dissolved gases, live chemosymbiotic organisms, and the deposition of neoforming minerals. These observations suggest the development of a new hydrothermal field in the least explored Andaman Sea.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yanxian Zhu, Zhiliang He, Xiaowen Guo, Long Li, Sheng He, Jian Gao, Shuangjian Li, Huili Li
Summary: This study investigates the fluid evolution history of the hydrothermal dolomite reservoir in the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the Sichuan Basin. The results reveal the diagenetic sequences, mineral origins, salinity history, and pressure evolution using various analytical techniques. The findings provide important insights into the gas charge, escape, and preservation conditions of the reservoir.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rafaella de Carvalho Antunes, Julia Campos Guerrero, Ricardo Jorge Jahnert
Summary: This study presents a detailed sedimentary model and identifies various sedimentary facies associations in the coquina deposits of the Itapema Formation in the offshore pre-salt Buzios Field of the Santos Basin. These facies associations were primarily influenced by waves and currents and reflect a complex depositional system.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kang Meng, Tongwei Zhang, Deyong Shao, Xiuyan Liu, Hui Song, Heng Peng
Summary: In this study, an integrated method of measuring optical reflectance and Raman spectroscopy is proposed to accurately determine the thermal maturity of Lower Cambrian shales in South China. The results show that this method is reliable and effective, and it has important implications for analyzing overmature shale.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed A. K. El-Ghali, Olga Shelukhina, Iftikhar Ahmed Abbasi, Mohamed S. H. Moustafa, Osman Salad Hersi, Numair A. Siddiqui, Khalid Al-Ramadan, Abdullah Alqubalee, Abdulwahab Muhammad Bello, Abduljamiu O. Amao
Summary: This study employs an integrated depositional and sequence stratigraphic approach to assess the control of diagenesis on reservoir porosity of a hybrid-energy delta system. The study focuses on the Barik Formation in the Haushi-Huqf region of Central Oman, which represents a highstand system tract of a hybrid-energy delta. The assessments reveal that the reservoir porosity is controlled by various degrees of diagenetic processes, including mechanically infiltrated clays and kaolinitization of silicate grains.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiaocan Yu, Chunlian Wang, Hua Huang, Kai Yan
Summary: Oilfield brines are a significant alternative lithium resource. This study investigates the metallogenic characteristics and enrichment process of oilfield brines from the Jianghan Basin, central China using chemical and multi-isotope data. The results suggest that lithium enrichment in these brines is the result of interaction with clastic host rocks and dilution by meteoric water.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jianghao Qiao, Xiwu Luan, Thanuja D. Raveendrasinghe, Yintao Lu, Guozhang Fan, Xinyuan Wei, Long Jin, Jian Yin, Haozhe Ma, Lushan Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the Tanintharyi passive continental margin in the Andaman Sea and reveals the potential of the Oligocene/Early Miocene carbonate platform in the region as a significant hydrocarbon reservoir. It also examines the influence of changes in sedimentary facies and the tectonic setting of the Andaman Sea on the evolution of pockmarks.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anastasios Nikitas, Georgios Makrodimitras, Maria V. Triantaphyllou, Nikolaos Pasadakis, Kimon Christanis, Stavros Kalaitzidis, Grigoris Rousakis, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Alexandra Gogou, Alexandros Papadopoulos, Efthimios Tartaras, Aristofanis Stefatos
Summary: Due to the lack of deep wells in the broader region, studying mud volcanic deposits can improve the geological understanding of the Mediterranean Ridge. In this study, biostratigraphic and geochemical analyses were performed on mud breccia deposits from five Mud Volcanoes in the central MR. The results indicate the origin of these deposits and provide insights into the source rock potential. Seismic data is also used to determine the distribution of major lithostratigraphic formations.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
