Article
Immunology
Jing Xia, Li Gu, Yitong Guo, Hongyan Feng, Shuhan Chen, Jessore Jurat, Wenjing Fu, Dongfang Zhang
Summary: Dietary capsaicin was found to improve depressive-like behaviors and restore abnormal changes in depression-related microbiota in LPS-induced mice, indicating its potential in regulating gut microbiota and preventing depression.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jian-Quan Luo, Huan Ren, Man-Yun Chen, Qing Zhao, Nian Yang, Qian Liu, Yong-Chao Gao, Hong-Hao Zhou, Wei-Hua Huang, Wei Zhang
Summary: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) impairs glucose tolerance and may induce new onset of diabetes through its interaction with the gut microbiome. HCTZ consumption disrupts the intestinal microbiota, leading to elevated levels of Gram-negative bacteria and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which results in intestinal barrier dysfunction. Activation of TLR4 signaling by HCTZ further induces macrophage polarization, inflammation, and metabolic disorders in the liver. Blocking TLR4 signaling can alleviate HCTZ-induced macrophage polarization and metabolic disorders.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carles Roses, Amanda Cuevas-Sierra, Salvador Quintana, Jose Riezu-Boj, J. Alfredo Martinez, Fermin Milagro, Anna Barcelo
Summary: This study identified several beneficial bacteria in individuals with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with some Short Chain Fatty Acids-producing bacteria also associated with the diet.
Article
Immunology
Ting Gao, Minghui Feng, Zixu Wang, Jing Cao, Yaoxing Chen
Summary: Insufficient sleep is considered a significant cause of obesity. This study reveals the mechanism by which sleep restriction leads to intestinal dysbiosis, metabolic disorder, and obesity in mice, as well as the beneficial effects of butyrate supplementation. The results demonstrate that sleep restriction induces gut microbiota dysbiosis, resulting in increased intestinal permeability, inflammatory response in adipose tissue, and impaired fatty acid oxidation, leading to obesity. Furthermore, the study shows that butyrate improves gut microbiota homeostasis, suppresses inflammatory response, and restores fatty acid oxidation, effectively reversing sleep restriction-induced obesity.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire Plissonneau, Adeline Sivignon, Benoit Chassaing, Frederic Capel, Vincent Martin, Monique Etienne, Ivan Wawrzyniak, Pierre Chausse, Frederic Dutheil, Guillaume Mairesse, Guillaume Chesneau, Nathalie Boisseau, Nicolas Barnich
Summary: This study examines the effects of rebalancing the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on gut dysbiosis in a mouse model of Crohn's disease. The results show that supplementation with extruded linseed has beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation and the composition of the gut microbiota.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Schaefer, Humberto Hernandez, Rosalind A. Coats, Zhiyuan Yu, Stephen C. Pflugfelder, Robert A. Britton, Cintia de Paiva
Summary: Dry eye is a common ocular inflammatory disorder characterized by tear film instability and reduced tear production. The interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the ocular surface, mediated by microbially produced small molecules such as butyrate, plays a potential role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis. In this study, it was found that the SCFA transporter SLC5A8 is expressed in murine conjunctival and corneal epithelium, and pretreatment with phenylbutyrate (PBA) reduced inflammation in corneal epithelial cultures and dendritic cells. The protective effect of PBA requires SLC5A8. Oral treatment with tributyrin, a prodrug form of butyrate, reduced inflammation at the ocular surface in mice undergoing desiccating stress, partially through the involvement of SLC5A8.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiangfei Li, Zifan Cai, Jie Liu, Na Wang, Xiaoyu Zhu, Zhaoxin Lu, Jing Wang, Yingjian Lu
Summary: This study investigated the potential of L-arabinose, a functional sugar that improves insulin resistance and gut microbiota, in preventing obesity induced by a high-fat and high-sugar diet. The results showed that L-arabinose can alleviate obesity symptoms, improve insulin resistance, regulate lipid metabolism and inflammatory response, and modulate gut microbiota. Therefore, L-arabinose could be a promising candidate for combating obesity and obesity-related diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikola Daskova, Marie Heczkova, Istvan Modos, Petra Videnska, Petra Splichalova, Helena Pelantova, Marek Kuzma, Jan Gojda, Monika Cahova
Summary: This study developed a new method to evaluate the functional capacity of gut microbiota butyrate synthesis, using qPCR quantification of bacterial genes in fecal DNA. By studying the correlation between fecal butyrate content, bacterial groups, and the abundance of but genes, it was found that lean vegans have higher but gene copy number and higher butyrate content compared to healthy obese omnivores.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Gasmi, Pavan Kumar Mujawdiya, Lyudmila Pivina, Alexandru Dosa, Yuliya Semenova, Asma Gasmi Benahmed, Geir Bjorklund
Summary: Intestinal hyperpermeability is associated with dysbiosis and can lead to an increase in low-grade inflammation in obese patients. Inflammatory bowel syndrome often accompanies this condition, causing an alteration of the intestinal mucosa and reinforcing dysbiosis and gut hyperpermeability.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Peijun Tian, Huiyue Zhu, Xin Qian, Ying Chen, Zheng Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Gang Wang, Wei Chen
Summary: The beneficial effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on host health, especially in influencing psychological function, has been highlighted in this study. The acetylated-, butylated-, and isobutylated-starch could attenuate depression-like behaviors and reduce colonic permeability by increasing tight junction proteins gene expression and reducing inflammatory cytokines levels. The neurological and immunological benefits of butylated starch may be derived from gut microbiome modifications, suggesting potential for novel food or dietary supplements for improving mental health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yung-Tsung Chen, Shiou-Yun Chiou, Ai-Hua Hsu, Yu-Chun Lin, Jin-Seng Lin
Summary: The study found that LRH05 significantly reduces body weight gain and WAT weight in mice, as well as improving hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. LRH05 can ameliorate the pro-inflammatory process by regulating gene expression and reducing inflammatory macrophage infiltration.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dan Wu, Huiying Wang, Lijun Xie, Fang Hu
Summary: The increase in obesity and associated diseases is a major global health problem. The gut microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining energy balance and host immunity. Understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and adipose tissues may provide potential intervention strategies for treating obesity and associated diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Vipin Arora, Gurjit Singh, Insug O-Sullivan, Kaige Ma, Arivarasu Natarajan Anbazhagan, E. Gina Votta-Velis, Benjamin Bruce, Ripper Richard, Andre J. van Wijnen, Hee-Jeong Im
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common medical condition affecting millions worldwide with no approved disease-modifying drugs available, and symptom palliation being the only option. Research suggests a link between gut microbiota and OA development, with probiotics and prebiotics potentially offering a new approach in OA treatment.
Article
Microbiology
Austin Campbell, Kristi Gdanetz, Alexander W. W. Schmidt, Thomas M. M. Schmidt
Summary: Hydrogen gas (H-2) produced during carbohydrate fermentation in the human gut microbiome can modulate fermentation and may differentiate individual microbiomes and metabolites. High concentrations of H-2 stimulate the production of anti-inflammatory butyrate, while gut methanogenesis decreases butyrate production and impacts the competitive fitness of butyrate producers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ashish Samaddar, Johan van Nispen, Austin Armstrong, Eric Song, Marcus Voigt, Vidul Murali, Joseph Krebs, Chandra Manithody, Christine Denton, Aaron C. Ericsson, Ajay Kumar Jain
Summary: This study identified a differential link between gut microbiota and inflammation - the higher the dysbiosis, the worse the systemic inflammatory markers. Higher levels of Firmicutes species correlated with reduced inflammation.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2022)