Review
Cell Biology
Hanxiao Yin, Mingzheng Hu, Dengwen Li
Summary: The epidermis is a barrier in the outermost layer of the skin that protects against pathogens. Basal keratinocytes, acting as stem cells, are crucial for epidermal development and skin damage recovery. Understanding the molecular mechanism of basal keratinocytes in epidermal development and stratification is important for preventing and treating skin lesions.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Hidetoshi Tsuda, Shin-ichi Tominaga, Mamitaro Ohtsuki, Mayumi Komine
Summary: This study investigated the role of IL-33 in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) by utilizing RNA interference to knock down cellular IL-33. The results showed that IL-33 knockdown affected cell division and motility, possibly by attenuating ECT2 expression and slightly decreasing RhoA activity.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael L. Samulevich, Rambon Shamilov, Brian J. Aneskievich
Summary: Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in keratinocytes, especially those associated with the cornified envelope, demonstrate high levels of intrinsic disorder and potential for liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiya Zhang, Yangfan Li, Lei Zhou, Xin Yuan, Yaling Wang, Qing Deng, Zhili Deng, San Xu, Qian Wang, Hongfu Xie, Ji Li
Summary: This study identifies the upregulation of Nav1.8 in rosacea and psoriasis skin lesions, and shows that Nav1.8 knockdown can ameliorate skin inflammation. Nav1.8 regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes, contributing to immune infiltration in inflammatory skin disorders. Nav1.8 expression is influenced by the cytokine TNF-α, and Nav1.8 knockdown reduces ROS production. This research highlights the central role of Nav1.8 in regulating proinflammatory responses in the skin and suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for rosacea and psoriasis.
Article
Oncology
Weronika Szukala, Agata Lichawska-Cieslar, Roza Pietrzycka, Maria Kulecka, Izabela Rumienczyk, Michal Mikula, Iwona Chlebicka, Piotr Konieczny, Katarzyna Dziedzic, Jacek C. Szepietowski, Giulia Fontemaggi, Janusz Rys, Jolanta Jura
Summary: This study investigated the role of MCPIP1 in the pathogenesis of SCC, showing that its expression changes during the transformation from precancerous lesions to SCC. A mouse model experiment demonstrated accelerated skin tumor development in mice with loss of epidermal MCPIP1, indicating the essential role of MCPIP1 in negative regulation of genes associated with SCC.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Guillaume Mestrallet, Edgardo D. Carosella, Michele T. Martin, Nathalie Rouas-Freiss, Nicolas O. Fortunel, Joel LeMaoult
Summary: The immature CD49f(high) precursor cells from interfollicular epidermis keratinocytes can inhibit CD4(+) T-cell proliferation. Both the stem cell-enriched CD49f(high)/EGFR(low) subpopulation and the less immature CD49f(high)/EGFR(high) progenitors can achieve this effect. Additionally, the overexpression of immune checkpoints HLA-G and PD-L1 in CD49f(high) precursors may protect them from immune reactions and excessive inflammation. Exploring the correlation between immune modulation and immaturity may have implications in allogenic cell therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ameneh Ghaffarinia, Ferhan Ayaydin, Szilard Poliska, Mate Manczinger, Beata Szilvia Bolla, Lili Borbala Flink, Fanni Balogh, Zoltan Vereb, Renata Bozo, Kornelia Szabo, Zsuzsanna Bata-Csorgo, Lajos Kemeny
Summary: The decrease in epigenetic marks 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) along with decreased mRNA expression of the TET3 enzyme in epidermal keratinocytes may be related to the relapse of psoriasis. The epigenetic changes detected in the same regions of resolved skin may contribute to site-specific local relapse.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah M. Lloyd, Daniel B. Leon, Mari O. Brady, Deborah Rodriguez, Madison P. McReynolds, Junghun Kweon, Amy E. Neely, Laura A. Blumensaadt, Patric J. Ho, Xiaomin Bao
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that the Super Elongation Complex (SEC) controls fate decisions of progenitor cells by suppressing a group of rapid response genes. The repressive role of SEC depends on the AFF1 scaffold, but not AFF4. The expression of these rapid response genes is regulated by CDK9 activity. The findings suggest that the activity switch of SEC-associated CDK9 is a key initial process in determining the fate of progenitor cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jernej Ogorevc, Klavdija Poklukar, Peter Dovc
Summary: The study successfully established equine skin-derived primary cell cultures using enzymatic and explant methods, maintaining high proliferative capacity and expressing different epithelial/keratinocyte-specific markers. The methods described are suitable for establishing proliferating equine keratinocytes and evaluating their differentiation status.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Song Cui, So Young Joo, Seung Yeol Lee, Yoon Soo Cho, Dong Hyun Kim, Cheong Hoon Seo
Summary: It is unclear how scar fibroblasts (SFs) affect keratinocytes in hypertrophic scars (HTS) through cell-cell interaction. This study investigated the effects of HTS-derived exosomes on the proliferation and differentiation of normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) and compared them with normal fibroblasts (NFs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Paula de Dios Andres, Brigitte Stadler
Summary: This article reports an in vitro epidermis model using floating paper chips as a scaffold, which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of primary human keratinocytes. The formation of different layers of the epidermis and keratinocyte migration are studied in this model.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eisaku Ogawa, Tomohiro Edamitsu, Hidetaka Ohmori, Kazuyoshi Kohu, Mineo Kurokawa, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Masanobu Satake, Ryuhei Okuyama
Summary: This study reveals the important roles of Runx1 and Runx3 in keratinocyte differentiation, where they directly inhibit the expression of keratin 1 and keratin 10 genes during the differentiation process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Jong Won, Rami Lee, Sun-Hye Choi, Ji-Hun Kim, Sung-Hee Hwang, Seung-Yeol Nah
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of EGFRs in gintonin-induced wound repair in HaCaT keratinocytes. Results showed that gintonin increased EGF receptor activation, as well as promoted proliferation and migration in HaCaT cells. Additionally, gintonin stimulated the expression and release of HB-EGF. These findings suggest a close relationship between gintonin's wound-healing effects and the collaboration of EGF receptor activation and HB-EGF release.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Yoko Endo, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Yukiko Ota, Yumiko Akazawa, Tetsuya Sayo, Ushio Hanai, Kotaro Imagawa, Masashi Sasaki, Yoshito Takahashi
Summary: The study investigated the effects of a newly developed inducer, beta-NAG2, on epidermal proliferation and differentiation by increasing HA production. The results showed that beta-NAG2 significantly increased HA production in the skin, leading to accelerated keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, which plays a key role in epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yunying Huang, Hana Jedlickova, Yang Cai, Ambreen Rehman, Luke Gammon, Usama Sharif Ahmad, Jutamas Uttagomol, Eric Kenneth Parkinson, Farida Fortune, Hong Wan
Summary: Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease characterized by blisters in the skin and mucosa, with oxidative stress and YAP dysregulation playing crucial roles in its pathogenesis. Antioxidants may be beneficial in the treatment of PV.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Heidemarie Rossiter, Dragan Copic, Martin Direder, Florian Gruber, Samuele Zoratto, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Christopher Kremslehner, Michaela Sochorova, Ionela-Mariana Nagelreiter, Veronika Mlitz, Maria Buchberger, Barbara Lengauer, Bahar Golabi, Supawadee Sukseree, Michael Mildner, Leopold Eckhart, Erwin Tschachler
Summary: Autophagy in preputial glands delays age-related ductal ectasia, influences lipid droplet morphology, contributes to the complete dissolution of mature sebocytes during holocrine secretion, and regulates phospholipid and fatty acid metabolism, as well as pheromone production.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Balazs Feher, Florian Frommlet, Christian Ulm, Reinhard Gruber, Ulrike Kuchler
Summary: This study found that baseline buccal bone volume has an impact on the retention of augmented volume over time in buccal bone augmentation in the esthetic zone. Lower baseline buccal bone volume was correlated with larger changes in augmented volume. Additionally, a certain threshold of V-0 indicates that the augmented volume cannot be retained long-term.
CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Denise Traxler, Pavla Krotka, Maria Laggner, Michael Mildner, Alexandra Graf, Berthold Reichardt, Ralph Wendt, Johann Auer, Bernhard Moser, Julia Mascherbauer, Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
Summary: This study found that patients aged 50-65 who underwent bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (B-AVR) had lower long-term survival rates and higher risks compared to mechanical aortic valve replacement (M-AVR). B-AVR also had higher risks of reoperation and myocardial infarction. However, the risk of heart failure and stroke did not significantly differ after AVR in any age group.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feng Shao, Layla Panahipour, Mariane Beatriz Sordi, Fangrui Tang, Ronghua Liu, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: Two flavonoids isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia cochinchinensis were found to inhibit the inflammatory response of macrophages and fibroblastic cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Layla Panahipour, Anes Omerbasic, Azarakhsh Oladzad Abbasabadi, Jila Nasirzade, Zahra Kargarpour, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: This study demonstrates that acid lysates of demineralized ground cortical (DGC) and moldable demineralized fibers (MFD) can reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators in murine cell-based bioassays. This may help to modulate the reconstruction process of bone defects.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Balazs Feher, Cordelia Wieser, Theresa Lukes, Christian Ulm, Reinhard Gruber, Ulrike Kuchler
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no significant impact on patient selection and only a slight effect on surgical procedures for dental implant treatments. However, there was a significant decrease in postoperative complications, including early failures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zahra Kargarpour, Layla Panahipour, Richard J. Miron, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare lysates prepared from platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and unfractionated blood clot (UBC) based on bioassays and degradation of the respective membranes. The results showed that both PRF and UBC lysates had TGF-beta signaling activation and anti-inflammatory activity, but UBC membranes lacked structural integrity. Therefore, centrifugation separation is necessary to prepare durable and clinically applicable blood-derived membranes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Attila Placido Sachslehner, Marta Surbek, Bahar Golabi, Miriam Geiselhofer, Karin Jaeger, Claudia Hess, Ulrike Kuchler, Reinhard Gruber, Leopold Eckhart
Summary: The study focuses on the localization of transglutaminase activity in various integumentary structures in mammals and birds. Transglutaminase activity was found in different layers of human epidermis, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nails. It was also present in claws, feathers, and keratinocytes of feathers in chickens. Additionally, transglutaminase activity was detected in tongue papillae of mice and chickens. The study suggests that transglutamination contributes to the cornification of hard skin appendages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Dragan Copic, Martin Direder, Katharina Klas, Daniel Bormann, Maria Laggner, Hendrik Jan Ankersmit, Michael Mildner
Summary: This study reveals a novel mode of action of ATG in regulating T cell activity and effector functions through the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, as well as the modulation of cell surface ligands and receptors.
Review
Dermatology
Daniel Bormann, Alfred Gugerell, Hendrik Jan Ankersmit, Michael Mildner
Summary: Cell secretomes play an important role in wound healing by promoting regeneration. This study reviews the mechanisms of action of cell secretomes in wound healing, important preconditioning strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy, and clinical trials on secretome-based wound healing.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zahra Kargarpour, Layla Panahipour, Michael Mildner, Richard J. Miron, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has potent anti-inflammatory activity, however, the components responsible for this effect are unknown. In this study, we investigated whether the lipid fraction of PRF also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Our results show that lipids from PRF can significantly reduce the inflammatory response of ST2 bone marrow stromal cells and primary bone marrow macrophages. These findings suggest that the lipid fraction is at least partially responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of PRF in vitro.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vera Vorstandlechner, Dragan Copic, Katharina Klas, Martin Direder, Bahar Golabi, Christine Radtke, Hendrik J. Ankersmit, Michael Mildner
Summary: This study demonstrates the anti-fibrotic effect of PBMCsec on cutaneous scars in both mouse and human experimental settings. PBMCsec regulates the expression of fibrosis-related genes, attenuates myofibroblast differentiation, and inhibits the breakdown of elastic fibers. These findings suggest that PBMCsec could be a novel therapeutic option for treating skin scarring.
Article
Immunology
Leopold Eckhart, Wolfgang Sipos
Summary: This study identified inactivating mutations of OAS genes in primates through comparative genomics and revealed a diversifying evolution pattern of the OAS gene family. The study also found that camelids lack OAS2 and OAS3 genes, Asian pangolins lack both OASL and OAS3 genes, and a new OAS gene (OAS5) is present in the bat suborder Yangochiroptera. These differences may affect innate immune responses to coronaviruses and other RNA viruses.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Surbek, Supawadee Sukseree, Leopold Eckhart
Summary: The skin protects the body and its metabolism of iron is regulated by differentially expressed genes in the epidermal keratinocytes, supporting the recycling of iron and preventing its release from the skin surface.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariane Beatriz Sordi, Ricardo de Souza Magini, Layla Panahipour, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: Pyroptosis is a pathological mechanism in the cause of periodontitis, involving caspase activation, cleavage of gasdermin D, and secretion of interleukins to induce tissue destruction. Removing periopathogens' virulence factors that trigger pyroptosis may be a potential strategy to combat periodontal disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)