Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael L. Griffiths, Robert A. Eagle, Sora L. Kim, Randon J. Flores, Martin A. Becker, Harry M. Maisch, Robin B. Trayler, Rachel L. Chan, Jeremy McCormack, Alliya A. Akhtar, Aradhna K. Tripati, Kenshu Shimada
Summary: The study provides unique geochemical evidence for thermoregulation in the extinct megatooth shark, Otodus megalodon. The results show that O. megalodon had a warmer body temperature compared to its environment and other shark species, supporting recent biophysical modeling studies that suggest endothermy played a role in its gigantism. The high metabolic costs associated with the large body size and high body temperatures may have contributed to the extinction of Otodus species compared to other sympatric sharks.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Maximilian Hansen, Tobias Kluge, Denis Scholz
Summary: This study presents clumped isotope delta(47) data of cave analogous experiments. The evolution of A47 values of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and precipitated CaCO3 along the flow path is investigated. The results highlight the significant impact of disequilibrium isotope effects on clumped isotope temperatures derived from speleothems, but the accuracy of kinetic fractionation factors remains to be confirmed.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Raphael Pietzsch
Summary: The study suggests that sediments in the South Atlantic basins may have been influenced by hydrothermal fluids, but the current evidence is not sufficient to definitively support this hypothesis, therefore further scrutiny is needed.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. J. Davies, W. Guo, M. Bernecker, M. Tagliavento, J. Raddatz, E. Gischler, S. Floegel, J. Fiebig
Summary: Dual clumped isotope thermometry of coral carbonate can accurately reconstruct paleotemperatures and may require different corrections for cold-water and warm-water corals.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chris Holdsworth, John MacDonald, Cedric John
Summary: The clumped isotope values of carbonates formed in high pH conditions do not correspond to mineral precipitation temperatures due to various effects, such as kinetic isotope fractionation and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) endmember mixing. This study measures the clumped isotope values of anthropogenic carbonates for the first time and finds that they are higher than expected equilibrium values. The non-linear distribution of clumped isotope data suggests DIC endmember mixing, and the increase in Delta(47) values can be attributed to a combination of endmember non-linear mixing effects and an atmosphere-hydroxide sourcing of DIC. These findings highlight the potential of anthropogenic carbonate systems as archives for studying and quantifying kinetic effects in clumped isotopes.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiaobin Cao
Summary: Air-water gas transfer plays a significant role in the geochemical and biogeochemical cycles of atmospheric components. This study used molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the diffusional isotope fractionation for H-2, N-2, and O-2. The results revealed that the fractionation factors depend on molecular mass and moment of inertia, and the kinetic isotope fractionation is likely proportional to the square root of the diffusional isotope fractionation. These findings suggest that the nuclear quantum effect is not significant in the studied isotope fractionation process.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Casey P. Saenger, Andrew J. Schauer, Emma O. Heitmann, Katharine W. Huntington, Eric J. Steig
Summary: The study evaluates the assumptions made in Delta(47) measurements by analyzing Delta O-17 in reference frame materials and standards. The results show that assuming Delta O-17 = 0 can lead to overestimation or underestimation of Delta(47) values, depending on the sample's Delta O-17 relative to the working gas. This effect can introduce significant errors in reconstructed temperatures, emphasizing the importance of considering Delta O-17 for accurate Delta(47) thermometry.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chaojin Lu, Sean Murray, Ardiansyah Koeshidayatullah, Peter K. Swart
Summary: This study compared the acid digestion reactions of calcite and dolomite at different temperatures, revealing that the acid fractionation factor of dolomite is influenced by the method used, while that of calcite is not affected by the reaction method.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothy Csernica, Alex L. Sessions, John M. Eiler
Summary: The abundances of isotopologues, or different isotopic forms of a compound, vary based on its physical and chemical history. Due to the challenges of separating and observing isotopologues, only a few dimensions of isotopic diversity are routinely measured. This article presents an experimental method using Q Exactive HF Orbitrap to observe isotopic forms of methionine, demonstrating the diversity of observable and interpretable isotopic constraints for organic molecules.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jason D. Boettger, Cajetan Neubauer, Sebastian H. Kopf, James D. Kubicki
Summary: The study of isotopic fingerprints in nitrate has provided important insights into the global nitrogen cycle and uncovered new knowledge gaps. Measuring the populations of isotopic homologs of intact NO3- ions shows promise for advancing the understanding of nitrogen cycling processes. The research also found that the isotopic composition of residual nitrate is controlled by the N-O bond-breaking step in Nar dissimilatory nitrate reductase.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Joji Uchikawa, Sang Chen, John M. Eiler, Jess F. Adkins, Richard E. Zeebe
Summary: This study investigates the abundance of O-18 isotopes and C-13-O-18 isotopic clumps in carbonate minerals for inferring mineral formation temperatures. It reveals that isotopic equilibrium during mineral formation is not always achieved. Analyzing inorganic BaCO3 samples precipitated at different times, it was found that while the timescales for delta O-18 and Delta(47) equilibrium are similar, the equilibration trajectories are notably different, possibly due to differences in exchange rates for oxygen isotopes bound to C-12 versus C-13.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Markus C. Leuenberger, Shyam Ranjan
Summary: Since 1971, water isotope measurements have been conducted at various locations in Switzerland by the Climate and Environmental Physics Division at the University of Bern. The study investigates the effects of meteorological parameters such as temperature, turbulence factor, and humidity on the water isotopes through the analysis of isotope ratios.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kristyna Kantnerova, Shohei Hattori, Sakae Toyoda, Naohiro Yoshida, Lukas Emmenegger, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Joachim Mohn
Summary: This study provides the first determination of enrichment factors of N2O clumped isotopes during bacterial denitrification, revealing different isotope effect in nitrate reduction process.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zeeshan A. Parvez, Jamie K. Lucarelli, Irvin W. Matamoros, Joshua Rubi, Kevin Miguel, Ben Elliott, Randy Flores, Robert N. Ulrich, Robert A. Eagle, James M. Watkins, John N. Christensen, Aradhna Tripati
Summary: The Cedars in Northern California is an area with highly alkaline springs formed by the interaction of CO2-charged meteorological water with a peridotite body. This study applied the Delta(47)-Delta(48) dual clumped isotope analysis to investigate the kinetic isotope effects and timescales of CO2 transformation in this region, which has the potential for geological CO2 sequestration. Significant kinetic fractionations associated with CO2 absorption were identified, and the study provides important insights into the CO2 sequestration processes.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Attila Demeny, Laszlo Rinyu, Zoltan Kern, Istvan G. Hatvani, Gyorgy Czuppon, Gergely Suranyi, Szabolcs Leel-Ossy, Chuan-Chou Shen, Gabriella Koltai
Summary: The combined use of stable isotope compositions of speleothem carbonate and inclusion-hosted water shows great potential in paleotemperature reconstructions. Different approaches were evaluated for hydrogen and oxygen isotope measurements of inclusion-hosted water and host calcite. The results indicated that hydrogen isotope data may yield realistic temperatures under certain conditions.
Article
Zoology
Annelies De Cuyper, Daniela E. Winkler, Thomas Tuetken, Guido Bosch, Juergen Hummel, Michael Kreuzer, Arturo Munoz Saravia, Geert P. J. Janssens, Marcus Clauss
Summary: The study demonstrates that although guinea pigs increase their dry matter intake on bamboo diet, the lignin and silica in bamboo have negative effects on digestion, resulting in low digestibility and slower body weight gain.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Daniel R. Green, Gerard Olack, Thomas Tuetken, Jennifer Leichliter, Daniela E. Winkler, Marcus Clauss, Hubert Vonhof, Albert S. Colman
Summary: This study proposes a simple blood-CO2 equilibration method using GasBench to quickly, reliably, and accurately measure the water delta O-18 in plasma, red blood cell (RBC), and whole blood fractions of mammalian and reptilian blood samples. This method will expand the application of blood stable isotope analysis in physiological and medical research.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katrin Weber, Daniela E. Winkler, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Thomas M. Kaiser, Thomas Tutken
Summary: Experimental approaches are used to evaluate the impact of post-mortem alteration on diet reconstruction. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is an important method for diet reconstruction, but it can be affected by post-mortem alteration in fossil specimens. Through three experiments, it was found that post-mortem alteration may be comparable to naturally occurring alteration, but not identical. This study provides a first assessment and step towards further evaluating post-mortem alteration of dental microwear texture (DMT).
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy McCormack, Michael L. Griffiths, Sora L. Kim, Kenshu Shimada, Molly Karnes, Harry Maisch, Sarah Pederzani, Nicolas Bourgon, Klervia Jaouen, Martin A. Becker, Niels Joens, Guy Sisma-Ventura, Nicolas Straube, Juergen Pollerspoeck, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Robert A. Eagle, Thomas Tuetken
Summary: Diet is a crucial trait of an animal's lifestyle and ecology. The use of zinc isotopes (delta Zn-66) can assess trophic levels in extant and extinct sharks. The study reveals that the Neogene megatooth shark and the great white shark occupied a similar trophic level, providing clues to the extinction of the megatooth shark.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. Gatti, Federico Lugli, Giorgia Sciutto, M. Zangheri, S. Prati, M. Mirasoli, S. Silvestrini, S. Benazzi, T. Tuetken, K. Douka, C. Collina, F. Boschin, M. Romandini, P. Iacumin, M. Guardigli, A. Roda, R. Mazzeo
Summary: A study found that mutual protection between biomineral and organic fractions in bones and teeth helps promote the preservation of the organic fraction, and investigated the correlation between elemental variations and collagen distribution. By combining two methods, it was discovered that collagen had an uneven distribution in highly degraded samples, and there was a correlation between the presence of uranium and rare earth elements with collagen content.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anna G. Kral, Markus Lagos, Paul Guagliardo, Thomas Tuetken, Thorsten Geisler
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the structural and chemical changes in bone induced by controlled in vitro aqueous alteration experiments under simulated early diagenetic conditions. Results show rapid element uptake into bone samples, distinct modifications of the organic phase, and the growth of new apatite phases. A phenomenological model was derived to explain the interaction between bone and aqueous solutions during the earliest stages of fossilization.
Article
Anthropology
Kate Britton, Elodie-Laure Jimenez, Mael Le Corre, Sarah Pederzani, Camille Daujeard, Klervia Jaouen, Delphine Vettese, Thomas Tuetken, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Marie-Helene Moncel
Summary: This study investigated the paleoecology of ungulates and the environmental conditions during the Late Pleistocene in southern France. The results showed differences in diet among different ungulate species, including the extinct giant deer. The study also revealed behavioral plasticity in Late Pleistocene reindeer and their seasonal use of the site by Neanderthals. These findings provide important insights into early human subsistence strategies and decision-making.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Klervia Jaouen, Thomas Tutken, Nicolas Bourgon, Tina Ludecke, Geoff M. Smith, Domingo C. Salazar-Garcia, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Pauline Mejean
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jennifer N. Leichliter, Tina Luedecke, Alan D. Foreman, Nicolas Bourgon, Nicolas N. Duprey, Hubert Vonhof, Viengkeo Souksavatdy, Anne-Marie Bacon, Daniel M. Sigman, Thomas Tuetken, Alfredo Martinez-Garcia
Summary: The nitrogen isotope composition of organic matter preserved in mammalian tooth enamel can provide valuable information about diet and trophic level, even in fossil specimens. This method can be used to reconstruct major dietary transitions in ancient vertebrate lineages.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. J. Davies, U. Brand, M. Tagliavento, M. A. Bitner, D. Bajnai, P. Staudigel, M. Bernecker, J. Fiebig
Summary: The stable oxygen and clumped isotope composition of brachiopod calcite are important proxies for reconstructing Phanerozoic seawater temperatures and δ18O values. However, the shells of brachiopods precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium with ambient seawater, and the origins of this disequilibrium effect have been unclear. In this study, a dual clumped isotope thermometer is applied to modern and fossil brachiopods to investigate the disequilibrium signatures. The results show that the disequilibrium signatures are derived from the hydration/hydroxylation of CO2 and potentially the diffusion of HCO3-/CO32- in water. An empirical correction is presented to account for the disequilibrium, leading to more accurate temperature reconstructions. The dual clumped isotope thermometry method also allows for more reliable reconstructions of seawater δ18O values.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Amir Haroon, Hermann W. Bange, Ercan Erkul, Marion Jegen, Nils Moosdorf, Jens Schneider von Deimling, Christian Berndt, Michael Ernst Boettcher, Jasper Hoffmann, Volker Liebetrau, Ulf Mallast, Gudrun Massmann, Aaron Micallef, Holly A. Michael, Hendrik Paasche, Wolfgang Rabbel, Isaac Santos, Jan Scholten, Katrin Schwalenberg, Beata Szymczycha, Ariel T. Thomas, Joonas J. Virtasalo, Hannelore Waska, Bradley A. Weymer
Summary: For thousands of years, humans have been attracted to coastlines for their resource potential and as geopolitical centers. The supply and demand of potable water are crucial for water security in coastal communities, but the interaction between freshwater and saltwater in coastal settings is complicated by natural and human-driven environmental changes. Understanding groundwater fluxes across the land-sea continuum is important for (bio)geochemical budgets and the potential use of offshore freshened groundwater as a resource. Assessing land-ocean connectivity through groundwater requires a multidisciplinary approach and is relevant for climate change, pollution, and sustainable development goals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tania L. Maxwell, Andre S. Rovai, Maria Fernanda Adame, Janine B. Adams, Jose Alvarez-Rogel, William E. N. Austin, Kim Beasy, Francesco Boscutti, Michael E. Boettcher, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Richard H. Bulmer, Annette Burden, Shannon A. Burke, Saritta Camacho, Doongar R. Chaudhary, Gail L. Chmura, Margareth Copertino, Grace M. Cott, Christopher Craft, John Day, Carmen B. de los Santos, Lionel Denis, Weixin Ding, Joanna C. Ellison, Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis, Luise Giani, Maria Gispert, Swanne Gontharet, Jose A. Gonzalez-Perez, M. Nazaret Gonzalez-Alcaraz, Connor Gorham, Anna Elizabeth L. Graversen, Anthony Grey, Roberta Guerra, Qiang He, James R. Holmquist, Alice R. Jones, Jose A. Juanes, Brian P. Kelleher, Karen E. Kohfeld, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Anna Lafratta, Paul S. Lavery, Edward A. Laws, Carmen Leiva-Duenas, Pei Sun Loh, Catherine E. Lovelock, Carolyn J. Lundquist, Peter Macreadie, Ines Mazarrasa, J. Patrick Megonigal, Joao M. Neto, Juliana Nogueira, Michael J. Osland, Jordi F. Pages, Nipuni Perera, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, Thomas Pollmann, Jacqueline L. Raw, Maria Recio, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernandez, Sophie K. Russell, John M. Rybczyk, Marek Sammul, Christian Sanders, Rui Santos, Oscar Serrano, Matthias Siewert, Craig Smeaton, Zhaoliang Song, Carmen Trasar-Cepeda, Robert R. Twilley, Marijn Van de Broek, Stefano Vitti, Livia Vittori Antisari, Baptiste Voltz, Christy N. Wails, Raymond D. Ward, Melissa Ward, Jaxine Wolfe, Renmin Yang, Sebastian Zubrzycki, Emily Landis, Lindsey Smart, Mark Spalding, Thomas A. Worthington
Summary: Tidal marshes are significant carbon reservoirs, and a global dataset of soil organic carbon provides valuable information for researchers and policy-makers. The dataset includes geographic locations, soil depths, and organic carbon data, allowing for estimation of organic carbon stocks in tidal marsh soils.
Correction
Ecology
Irit Zohar, Nira Alperson-Afil, Naama Goren-Inbar, Marion Prevost, Thomas Tutken, Guy Sisma-Ventura, Israel Hershkovitz, Jens Najorka
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. Tacail, J. Lewis, M. Clauss, C. D. Coath, R. Evershed, E. Albalat, T. R. Elliott, T. Tuetken
Summary: This paper investigates the role of potassium stable isotopes in endothermic vertebrates and their impact on dietary behaviors and potassium homeostasis. The study reveals that natural variability of potassium isotopes is primarily controlled by diet and can propagate throughout trophic chains. Cellular potassium isotopes in individuals are related to potassium cycling intensity and homeostasis. The research provides a promising tool and model for studying potassium isotopes and dyshomeostasis.
Article
Ecology
Bryce Van Dam, Nele Lehmann, Mary A. Zeller, Andreas Neumann, Daniel Proefrock, Marko Lipka, Helmuth Thomas, Michael Ernst Boettcher
Summary: This study quantified the net sediment-water exchange of alkalinity using multiple methods and found that the sediment-water irrigation rates in the southern North Sea were higher than previously estimated. The net alkalinity fluxes in the Baltic Sea were relatively low, while carbonate mineral dissolution, precipitation, and sulfide re-oxidation appeared to play important roles in shaping net sediment-water fluxes in the North Sea and Baltic Sea.
