Article
Engineering, Chemical
Caroline Barrere-Mangote, Anne Roubaud, Brice Bouyssiere, Julien Maillard, Jasmine Hertzog, Johann Le Maitre, Marie Hubert-Roux, Jean-Francois Sassi, Carlos Afonso, Pierre Giusti
Summary: Microalga-based fuels show promise as a replacement for fossil fuels due to their fast growth and ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The study found that seawater algae contain more carbohydrates and mineral matter than freshwater algae, impacting the yield and composition of biocrudes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar D. Gonzalez-Galvez, Isaac Nava Bravo, Rogelio Cuevas-Garcia, Sharon B. Velasquez-Orta, Adam P. Harvey, Luis Cedeno Caero, Maria Teresa Orta Ledesma
Summary: In this study, a wild microalgae consortium grown in treated wastewater was used to produce bio-oil through catalytic solvent liquefaction process. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be at 120 minutes and 760 psi, resulting in a bio-oil yield of 51% with oxygenated and nitrogenated compounds as the main types of compounds.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hareb Al-Jabri, Probir Das, Shoyeb Khan, Mohammad AbdulQuadir, Mehmoud Ibrahim Thaher, Kent Hoekman, Alaa H. Hawari
Summary: This study investigates the key factors and energy consumption of five promising marine microalgae biomass in the production of biofuel, and compares their energy balance and emission reduction potential. The results show that Tetraselmis has the greatest potential, with high energy surplus and emission reduction effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ikram Eladnani, Maria Paola Bracciale, Martina Damizia, Seyedmohammad Mousavi, Paolo De Filippis, Rajae Lakhmiri, Benedetta de Caprariis
Summary: The study investigated the catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Brachychiton populneus biomass seed, using Ni and Fe as catalysts. The highest bio-crude yields were achieved at 330 degrees C and 10 min of reaction time, with Ni/Al2O3 as catalyst and Fe as hydrogen donor. The combination of Fe and Ni/Al2O3 favored the conversion of fatty acids into hydrocarbons, increasing their amount in the bio-crude to approximately 20%.
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Mahyar Ghazvini, Mohammadhassan Kavosi, Rohan Sharma, Myeongsub Kim
Summary: Microalgae have great potential as a feedstock for biofuel production, but the high cost of harvesting makes their utilization economically unfeasible. Mechanical-based harvesting methods, such as centrifugation and filtration, are considered effective means of microalgae recovery, but they differ in terms of cost and efficiency. Centrifugation offers the highest cell removal efficiency but comes with the highest capital and operational costs, while sedimentation is relatively inexpensive and widely applicable. However, flotation needs to be combined with filtration, and may not be suitable for all algal cultures.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bhawna Bisht, Prateek Gururani, Shivam Pandey, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Sanjay Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Monu Verma, Hyunook Kim, Vinod Kumar
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Multi-Stage HTL on different feedstocks and finds that kitchen wastewater sludge is the most suitable for producing high-energy bio-oil. The study also analyzes the compound variations in bio-oils and bio-chars derived from different biomasses using various testing methods.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Erick Vielma Hernandez, Ignacio Monje-Ramirez, Sharon B. Velasquez-Orta, Jesus Gracia-Fadrique, Maria Teresa Orta Ledesma
Summary: This paper evaluates the relationship between the efficiency of harvesting microalgae biomass or biomolecules and the surface activity of the released amphiphiles. The results show that longer ozone exposure time decreases the hydrophobic region of the molecules, affecting the efficiency of the amphiphiles. Therefore, monitoring ozone exposure time is necessary to ensure effective separation of biomass and biomolecules.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Anuradha Krishnan, Roopa Devasya, Yulin Hu, Amarjeet Bassi
Summary: The lack of energy-sufficient harvesting technologies has hindered the commercialization of microalgae-derived bio-products. In this study, a foam flotation-assisted harvesting approach using bio-surfactants was investigated for Chlorella vulgaris. The results showed that using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as the bio-surfactant resulted in higher foam stability compared to rhamnolipids. The study lays the foundation for the development of bio-surfactant-assisted foam flotation harvesting strategy for microalgae.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ayaz Ali Shah, Saqib Sohail Toor, Tahir Hussain Seehar, Komeil Kohansal Sadetmahaleh, Thomas Helmer Pedersen, Asbjorn Haaning Nielsen, Lasse Aistrup Rosendahl
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for converting organic-rich waste biomass such as swine manure and sewage sludge into energy-dense bio-crude. Co-processing swine manure with sewage sludge can enhance the pumpability of swine manure and improve the energy recovery of the biocrude. The study showed that a sample mixture containing 50% swine manure and 50% sewage sludge achieved the highest bio-crude yield and the best higher heating value.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bidhu Bhusan Makut, Gargi Goswami, Debasish Das
Summary: The present study demonstrates a feasible approach for producing bio-crude oil through hydrothermal liquefaction of microbial biomass. The study highlights the importance of co-cultivation of microalgae and bacteria for high biomass concentration, utilization of paper industry wastewater as a cheap source of nutrients and water, and direct conversion of biomass into bio-crude oil. Statistical optimization was used to determine the optimal conditions for achieving the highest bio-crude oil yield. The bio-crude oil obtained has a high energy recovery and heating value, but further upgrading is needed before commercial-scale production.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
I Nava-Bravo, S. B. Velasquez-Orta, I Monje-Ramirez, L. P. Guereca, A. P. Harvey, R. Cuevas-Garcia, I Yanez-Noguez, M. T. Orta-Ledesma
Summary: The study found that the use of ozone-air flotation and catalytic HTL for microalgae harvesting and conversion can achieve higher yields and quality of bio-crude compared to traditional sedimentation method.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bhawna Yadav Lamba, Sonal Vilas Shah, Rohit Sharma, Avanish K. Tiwari, Sapna Jain, Sanjeev Kumar
Summary: This study presents an innovative sustainable integrated route for efficient production of bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella sorokiniana grown in sewage water. The harvested microalgae were subjected to pilot-scale hydrothermal liquefaction, resulting in 60.43% bio crude oil. GCMS and FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of various hydrocarbons in the obtained bio-oil, indicating its potential as a high-quality fuel.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dan Egesa, Christopher J. Chuck, Pawel Plucinski
Summary: This research aimed to reduce the nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur contents of biocrude oil produced through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae. The impact of reaction conditions on de-nitrogenation, de-oxygenation, de-sulphurisation, and biocrude yield was assessed in the presence and absence of zinc ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The results showed that an increase in holding time and liquefaction in the presence of 5% sulfuric acid led to higher bio-crude yield and nitrogen removal. The MNPs played a critical role in microalgae separation and catalytic HTL.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kirill G. Ryndin, Aleksey V. Butyrin, Anatoly V. Grigorenko, Elizaveta A. Chunzhuk, Nadezhda I. Chernova, Sofya V. Kiseleva, Sergey Y. Malaniy, Ekaterina A. Bakumenko, Olga V. Slavkina, Konstantin Ossipov, Tatiana A. Maryutina, Vinod Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin
Summary: In this study, the cultivation of Arthrospira platensis with increased CO2 concentration and subsequent conversion of the biomass into bio-oil through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was successfully achieved. The results showed that the growth rate of Arthrospira platensis was 82 ± 4.1 mg/L/day under the initial CO2 concentration of 8 vol.% and cultivation period of 15 days. The yield of bio-oil after HTL was 13.8 wt.%. Analysis of the bio-oil composition revealed the presence of 51 different metals.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Saqib Sohail Toor, Ayaz Ali Shah, Kamaldeep Sharma, Tahir Hussain Seehar, Thomas Helmer Pedersen, Lasse Aistrup Rosendahl
Summary: The study showed that hydrothermal liquefaction of protein-extracted grass residue under subcritical conditions with a potassium carbonate catalyst at around 350 degrees Celsius can enhance bio-crude yield. Additionally, the supercritical conditions without catalyst improved the quality of bio-crude with reasonable heating values.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
R. Cuevas-Garcia, J. G. Tellez-Romero, J. Ramirez, P. Sarabia-Banuelos, I. Puente-Lee, C. Salcedo-Luna, S. Hernandez-Gonzalez, V. A. Nolasco-Arizmendi
Summary: The three nickel catalysts supported on mordenite zeolite with the same nickel content of 2 wt.% were prepared using different methods and showed diverse selectivity and activity in naphthalene hydrogenation reactions, with the Ni-DP catalyst displaying the highest hydrogenation activity and relatively slow deactivation rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luma Shihab Al-Saadi, Valentine C. Eze, Adam P. Harvey
Summary: In this study, techno-economic analyses were conducted for the one-step homogeneous base catalysis of vegetable oils with different levels of FFAs and water. A parameter design model was used to screen the optimal conditions, and it was found that under appropriate conditions, this process could be more economically viable than the conventional process.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar D. Gonzalez-Galvez, Isaac Nava Bravo, Rogelio Cuevas-Garcia, Sharon B. Velasquez-Orta, Adam P. Harvey, Luis Cedeno Caero, Maria Teresa Orta Ledesma
Summary: In this study, a wild microalgae consortium grown in treated wastewater was used to produce bio-oil through catalytic solvent liquefaction process. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be at 120 minutes and 760 psi, resulting in a bio-oil yield of 51% with oxygenated and nitrogenated compounds as the main types of compounds.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luma Sh. Al-Saadi, Valentine C. Eze, Adam P. Harvey
Summary: By comparing different processes for biodiesel production, it was found that converting glycerol into higher added value species in situ can significantly increase the profitability of biodiesel production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
G. Alonso-Ramirez, R. Cuevas-Garcia, F. Sanchez-Minero, Jorge Ramirez, M. Moreno-Montiel, G. Silva-Oliver, Jorge Ancheyta, R. Carbajal-Vielman
Summary: In this study, catalytic hydrocracking of isolated aromatics fraction from heavy crude oil was conducted using sulfided Mo/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst. The main components in the feedstock were identified as multi-ring aromatics, with the primary reactions transforming them into saturates and lower molecular weight aromatics. No coke formation was detected, with gas and liquid phase products analyzed using GC-MSD and GC-FID techniques.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jose Luis Sanchez-Cupil, Rogelio Cuevas-Garcia, Aida Gutierrez-Alejandre, Jorge Ramirez
Summary: Hydrotalcites with different Ni contents were synthesized and used as catalysts for the transesterification of castor oil. It was found that the addition of nickel increased the number of medium basic force sites, and the catalyst with Ni2Mg1-C ratio showed the highest activity and methanol adsorption. The relationship between methoxy ions and transesterification activity was established by analyzing the methanol adsorption behavior on the catalyst. A new mechanism for basic heterogeneous catalysis was proposed based on the existence of methoxy ions in solution when methanol was added to a calcined hydrotalcite and heated.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Perla Castillo-Villalon, Jorge Ramirez, Alejandro Reyes-Sosa, Aida Gutierrez-Alejandre, Eddy Leyva-Ramirez, Rogelio Cuevas, Alejandra Toledo-Duran
Summary: The study reveals the significant role of cobalt sulfide in hydrodesulfurization catalysis, emphasizing its importance in achieving highly active catalysts.
Article
Thermodynamics
I Nava-Bravo, S. B. Velasquez-Orta, I Monje-Ramirez, L. P. Guereca, A. P. Harvey, R. Cuevas-Garcia, I Yanez-Noguez, M. T. Orta-Ledesma
Summary: The study found that the use of ozone-air flotation and catalytic HTL for microalgae harvesting and conversion can achieve higher yields and quality of bio-crude compared to traditional sedimentation method.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar Gunam Resul, Abdul Rehman, Ana Maria Lopez Fernandez, Valentine C. Eze, Adam P. Harvey
Summary: A study was conducted on continuous epoxidation of terpenes using mesoscale oscillatory baffled reactors (meso-OBRs). The new design of tri- and multi-orifice baffles showed improved mixing efficiency, rapid steady-state attainment, shorter induction period, better reproducibility, and effective heat transfer capability, allowing isothermal operation in a solvent-free environment. This new process reduced reaction time from 8 hours to 30 minutes and showed a potential intensification factor of -80.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Valentine C. Eze, Abdul Rehman, Manthan Patel, Sajjad Ahmad, Adam P. Harvey
Summary: This study reports the synthesis and characterization of alpha-pinane carbonate from an alpha-pinene derivative. The potential application of alpha-pinane carbonate as a monomer for sustainable bio-based polymer is highlighted. The significance lies in the conversion of pinanediol into alpha-pinane carbonate and the potential utilization of a major waste product from pulp and paper industries.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Usman H. Dahiru, Faisal Saleem, Kui Zhang, Adam Harvey
Summary: In this study, a non-thermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was utilized to remove methanol from ambient air. The results showed that the conversion of methanol increased with power and residence time, while the removal efficiency decreased with increasing concentration of methanol. Dry air exhibited the highest removal efficiency, and the introduction of water vapor improved CO2 selectivity and reduced the formation of unwanted by-products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Faisal Saleem, Abdul Rehman, Farhan Ahmad, Asif Hussain Khoja, Farhan Javed, Kui Zhang, Adam Harvey
Summary: This study focused on the removal of toxic compound (toluene) from methane gas using a dielectric barrier discharge reactor, with maximum removal efficiency of 85.9% achieved at 40W and 2.86s. The major gaseous products were H-2 and lower hydrocarbons, with their yield increasing with input power, indicating decomposition of toxic compounds and methane for production.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abdullah Al-Abduly, Paul Christensen, Adam Harvey
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.
