Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrzej Miturski, Tomasz Geca, Aleksandra Stupak, Wojciech Kwasniewski, Anna Semczuk-Sikora
Summary: Higher BMI before pregnancy is associated with increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study found that pregestational obesity does not significantly affect carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it does disturb lipid profile, resulting in increased triglycerides and decreased HDL cholesterol levels. Obesity also increases leptin and resistin concentrations in pregnant women's serum, which may be caused by increased adipose tissue volume. The concentration of leptin in umbilical cord blood is positively correlated with birth weight, suggesting its contribution to the pathomechanism of macrosomia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Philip Weber, Mads N. N. Thomsen, Mads Juul Skytte, Amirsalar Samkani, Martin Hansen Carl, Arne Astrup, Jan Frystyk, Jens J. J. Holst, Bolette Hartmann, Sten Madsbad, Faidon Magkos, Thure Krarup, Steen B. B. Haugaard
Summary: In a real-life setting, the benefits of a fully provided, hypocaloric, carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet were not maintained when individuals with type 2 diabetes switched to self-prepared diets aiming for the same nutritional goals for 6 months.
Article
Fisheries
Shuaibo Li, Zhigang Yang, Hongyan Tian, Shengjie Ren, Wuxiao Zhang, Aimin Wang
Summary: Understanding the effects of dietary nutrient ratios on crayfish health and growth can help improve aquaculture production. This study found that an optimal carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio promoted growth performance in red swamp crayfish.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nasibeh Yousefzadeh, Sajad Jeddi, Majid Shokri, Hamideh Afzali, Reza Norouzirad, Khosrow Kashfi, Asghar Ghasemi
Summary: This study investigates the long-term effects of low-dose nitrate administration on metabolic and obesity indices in ovariectomized rats. The results show that nitrate improves glucose and lipid metabolism, decreases adiposity, and increases adipocyte density in ovariectomized rats. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role of nitrate in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jinshu Guo, Yonghao Fu, Zhenhua Wu, Xiaojun Yu, Yanlin Guo, Jiahuan Liu, Wenbing Zhang, Kangsen Mai
Summary: The present study investigated the effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on the growth performance, body composition, glucose/lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathway in abalone. The results showed that a diet containing 38.01% carbohydrate significantly improved the growth performance of abalone. The study also found that dietary carbohydrate levels influenced the metabolism of glucose and lipid, as well as the insulin signaling pathway in abalone.
Article
Entomology
Xinxin Gao, Jihong Zhang, Qilian Qin, Peipei Wu, Huan Zhang, Qian Meng
Summary: Energy metabolism is crucial in insect metamorphosis, particularly in the larval-pupal stage of holometabolous insects. In this study, metabolome and transcriptome analyses were conducted to elucidate the metabolic changes and regulatory mechanisms during larval-pupal metamorphosis of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. The findings revealed that aerobic glycolysis supported cell proliferation and lipid synthesis during the feeding stage, while triglyceride degradation and acylcarnitine accumulation were activated during non-feeding stages. This study provides valuable insights into the metabolic regulation mechanism of lepidopteran larvae during their final stage of development.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jun Wang, Yixin Qin, Jingjing Jiang, Hongyan Shan, Changyu Zhao, Songnan Li
Summary: This study investigates the effects of theaflavins (TFs) on blood glucose, blood lipid, and the gut microbiome in diabetic mice, as well as explores the underlying mechanism of TFs improvement in diabetes from the perspective of the gut microbiome. The results show that TFs intervention significantly improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic mice and affects the structure of the gut microbiome. Short-chain fatty acid changes and functional prediction analysis suggest that TFs may regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through the gut microbiome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleksandra Szlas, Jakub Michal Kurek, Zbigniew Krejpcio
Summary: L-arginine is a safe endogenous amino acid involved in various regulatory functions in the body. It may be helpful in managing disturbed metabolism, regulating blood pressure, and alleviating type 2 diabetes symptoms, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiangguang Chen, Junyue Zheng, Miaomiao Teng, Jie Zhang, Le Qian, Manman Duan, Zhao Wang, Chengju Wang
Summary: This study found that Tralopyril has adverse effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in zebrafish larvae, leading to significant changes in the expression of related genes, which may be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ayten Oguz, Murat Sahin, Dilek Tuzun, Ergul B. Kurutas, Cansu Ulgen, Ozlem Bozkus, Kamile Gul
Summary: The study indicates that low irisin levels and poor glycemic control are independent risk factors for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article
Forestry
Xiying Sun, Li Tian, Wanyu Xu, Luying Feng, Wenqing Jia, Yiteng Liu, Zhuo Chen, Shulin Zhang, Xianliang Zhang, Guangxin Ru
Summary: Plant distant grafting is a new method for germplasm innovation that can produce stable genetic variation. Two chimeras, peach/apricot (PA) and apricot/peach (AP), were created through two-way grafting between peach and apricot. Transcriptome and proteome integrative analyses were conducted on apricots from these two chimeras to investigate the causes of phenotypic changes. The top significant enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes and proteins (DEGs/DEPs) included lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, indicating their crucial role in the development of grafted apricot hybrids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aline B. Santamarina, Lais V. Mennitti, Esther A. de Souza, Leonardo M. de Souza Mesquita, Isau H. Noronha, Jose Ronnie C. Vasconcelos, Carla M. Prado, Luciana P. Pisani
Summary: This study found that a low-carbohydrate diet pattern promotes weight loss and improves glucose intolerance in obesity. Additionally, the quality of lipids, specifically the consumption of 6)-3 polyunsaturated and 6)-9 monounsaturated lipids, has a direct influence on improving glucose intolerance, lipid metabolism, and anti-inflammatory effects.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zsolt Szekeres, Barbara Sandor, Zita Bognar, Fadi H. J. Ramadan, Anita Palfi, Beata Bodis, Kalman Toth, Eszter Szabados
Summary: Obesity is a global public health issue associated with various diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes. Leptin plays a crucial role in regulating food intake and metabolism. Sodium glucose co-transport 2 inhibitors have beneficial effects and can be potent antihyperglycemic drugs. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic state and leptin level among obese and type 2 diabetic patients, as well as the impact of empagliflozin treatment. The results showed that empagliflozin treatment led to lower body mass index, body fat, visceral fat, and leptin levels compared to conventional antidiabetic treatments. Leptin levels were increased in both obese and type 2 diabetic patients. Empagliflozin treatment also resulted in lower body mass index, body fat, and visceral fat percentages, while preserving renal function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bettina Geidl-Flueck, Michel Hochuli, Agota Nemeth, Anita Eberl, Nina Derron, Harald C. Kofeler, Luc Tappy, Kaspar Berneis, Giatgen A. Spinas, Philipp A. Gerber
Summary: The study showed that moderate consumption of beverages sweetened with fructose and sucrose increases hepatic fatty acid synthesis, while beverages sweetened with an equivalent amount of glucose do not produce the same effect. This may have unfavorable effects on metabolic health.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge L. Petro, Maria Carolina Fragozo-Ramos, Andres F. Milan, Juan C. Aristizabal, Jaime A. Gallo-Villegas, Juan C. Calderon
Summary: This cross-sectional study found that serum myonectin levels are lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS) compared to those without MS. Serum myonectin is negatively correlated with the android/gynoid fat mass ratio, but not with lipid profile, free fatty acids, intramuscular lipid content, or insulin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)