Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marc Sim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Nicola P. Bondonno, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Peter Peeling, Catherine P. Bondonno, Dianna J. Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Richard Woodman, Kevin Murray, Joshua R. Lewis, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson
Summary: The study found that higher habitual dietary nitrate intake, predominantly from vegetables, is associated with stronger lower-limb muscle strength and better physical function. Physical activity level does not influence the relationship between nitrate intake and muscle function.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yaoxin Chen, Yijun Zhan, Hong Wang, Hui Zhang, Yiwen Cai, Liaoyao Wang, Wenyan Zhu, Haiyue Shen, Jian Pei
Summary: This study conducted a cross-sectional study on Chinese older adults and found that muscle strength plays a partial mediating role between mobility and cognitive function. This suggests that maintaining sufficient muscle strength is crucial for the mobility and cognitive function of older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jort Veen, Diego Montiel-Rojas, Fawzi Kadi, Andreas Nilsson
Summary: The study investigates the impact of reallocating time spent in different intensities of physical activity (PA) on sarcopenia risk in older adults. The results show that reallocating sedentary time to at least light-intensity PA is significantly related to a lower sarcopenia risk score (SRS), even after adjustment for PA type and protein intake. Similarly, reallocating time in light- to moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA is also related to a lower SRS. These findings emphasize the importance of displacing sedentary behaviors for more active pursuits in older adults to alleviate age-related deterioration of muscle health.
Article
Physiology
Sara A. Harper, Brennan J. Thompson
Summary: Assessing neuromuscular capacity in older adults is crucial for determining age-related functional decline risks; Minimal dose eccentric resistance training can improve muscle quality and functional performance in older adults; Improved exercise tolerance may enhance exercise participation and overall health in older adult populations.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Vera Zymbal, Luis Carrasco, Borja Sanudo, Diana Luis, Fatima Baptista
Summary: This study found that physical activity in older women has an indirect effect on physical fitness and physical function through muscle power, promoting the maintenance or improvement of daily functional competence.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Je Hyun Seo, Young Lee
Summary: This study found that moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) is associated with higher skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength in older adults. Specifically, engaging in high-intensity PA is positively correlated with the prevention of sarcopenia.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dmitriy Bondarev, Taija Finni, Katja Kokko, Urho M. Kujala, Pauliina Aukee, Vuokko Kovanen, Eija K. Laakkonen, Sarianna Sipila
Summary: The study examined longitudinal changes in physical performance during the menopausal transition, finding declines in muscle strength and power but an increase in walking distance. High levels of physical activity were associated with greater increases in grip strength but greater declines in vertical jumping height among women in perimenopause.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fanny Buckinx, Eva Peyrusque, Jordan Granet, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre
Summary: The study found that current physical activity levels have a positive impact on body fat and balance, while past physical activity levels have a significant influence on balance, alternate step test, and VO2max in individuals over 65 years old; these results were more pronounced in women.
ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Natalia de Souza Duarte, Kayonne Campos Bittencourt, Cleuma Oliveira Soares, Clicia Raiane Galvao Ferreira, Wenderk Martins Soares, Victoria Brioso Tavares, Amanda Suzane Alves da Silva, Caren Heloise da Costa Priante, Pablo Fabiano Moura das Neves, Givago da Silva Souza, Fabiana de Campos Gomes, Erica Feio Carneiro Nunes, Cibele Nazare Camara Rodrigues, Joao Simao de Melo Neto
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between handgrip strength and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength in women. The results showed that there were no differences in handgrip strength and PFM strength between young and middle-aged women. Additionally, handgrip strength was found to be related to PFM functionality, sexual function, and physical activity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jort Veen, Peter Edholm, Lara Rodriguez-Zamora, Mattias Folkesson, Fawzi Kadi, Andreas Nilsson
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of accumulating twice the minimum amount of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on physical function indicators in older adults. The findings showed that older adults who accumulated at least 300 min/week of MVPA had better physical function compared to those accumulating at least 150 but less than 300 min/week.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jordan Granet, Eva Peyrusque, Fabien Ruiz, Fanny Buckinx, Lilia Ben Abdelkader, Thien Thanh Dang-Vu, Marie-Jose Sirois, Jean-Philippe Gouin, Benjamin Pageaux, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre
Summary: Background Periods of prolonged lockdown increase the risk of physical inactivity, which can contribute to physical decline among older adults. Online technology could be an innovative solution to promote physical activity (PA) habits in this context. The goal of this study was to examine and compare the acceptability, feasibility, and potential benefits of 2 modalities of web-based PA interventions in older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown. Results showed that web-based PA interventions are feasible, acceptable, and beneficial for improving functional capacities and physical performance during periods of lockdown. However, the interactive web and live modalities appear to be more effective for promoting some of these outcomes than recorded and individual modalities.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marguerita Saadeh, Amaia Calderon-Larranaga, Davide Liborio Vetrano, Philip von Rosen, Laura Fratiglioni, Anna-Karin Welmer
Summary: A Swedish study found that poor muscle strength may predispose older adults to a higher risk of developing COVID-19-like symptoms, especially among those aged 80 years and above.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rikke S. Kamper, Julian Alcazar, Lars L. Andersen, Bryan Haddock, Niklas Rye Jorgensen, Peter Hovind, Charlotte Suetta
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between chronic low-grade inflammation and age-related muscle decline and physical performance. Results showed that with age, levels of certain inflammatory biomarkers in the blood increased significantly, correlating with decreased muscle strength and physical function.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Charles Phillipe de Lucena Alves, Samuel Brito de Almeida, Danielle Pessoa Lima, Pedro Braga Neto, Ana Lucia Miranda, Todd Manini, Lara Vlietstra, Debra L. Waters, Renata Moraes Bielemann, Rosaly Correa-de-Araujo, Ana Paula Fayh, Eduardo Caldas Costa
Summary: This scoping review aimed to map out definitions and assessment methods of muscle quality in older adults. A total of 96 articles were included, revealing a substantial heterogeneity of definitions and assessment methods across functional and morphological domains. Standardizing the definition of muscle quality may help utilize it as a potential marker of skeletal muscle health in older adults.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Sanam Tavakkoli Oskouei, Peter Malliaras, Paul Jansons, Keith Hill, Sze-Ee Soh, Shapour Jaberzadeh, Luke Perraton
Summary: Ankle plantar flexor (PF) muscle strength is moderately associated with dynamic reactive and proactive balance in older adults, weakly associated with static balance and walking speed. In younger adults, there is a moderate association between early-phase PF rate of torque development and reactive balance. This highlights the potential role of PF strength in dynamic balance tasks.
Letter
Respiratory System
Arindam RoyChoudhury, Aaphsaarah Rahman, Michael O. Harhay
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael O. Harhay, Katy J. L. Bell, Jonathan Y. Huang, Onyebuchi A. Arah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brennan C. Kahan, Fan Li, Andrew J. Copas, Michael O. Harhay
Summary: This article discusses the different estimands targeted in cluster-randomized trials (CRTs) and how the choice of analytic approach can impact the interpretation of results. The study findings highlight the potential bias introduced by common estimators when cluster size is informative, and propose alternative estimators that provide unbiased estimates even in the presence of informative cluster size.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael O. Harhay, Wida S. Cherikh, Alice E. Toll, Jason D. Christie, Josef Stehlik, Daniel Chambers, Don Hayes Jr, Edward Cantu
Summary: Lung retransplantation is a complex surgical decision that represents the only potential treatment option for recipients suffering from lung allograft failure. This study examined the modern landscape of lung retransplantation and found that the duration of time since the primary lung transplant was the strongest prognostic factor for 1-year mortality in retransplant recipients.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tajinder P. Singh, Wida S. Cherikh, Eileen Hsich, Michael O. Harhay, Don Hayes, Michael Perch, Luciano Potena, Aparna Sadavarte, Andreas Zuckermann, Josef Stehlik
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eileen Hsich, Tajinder P. Singh, Wida S. Cherikh, Michael O. Harhay, Don Hayes, Michael Perch, Luciano Potena, Aparna Sadavarte, Kelsi Lindblad, Andreas Zuckermann, Josef Stehlik
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Don Hayes, Wida S. Cherikh, Michael O. Harhay, Michael Perch, Eileen Hsich, Luciano Potena, Aparna Sadavarte, Anne Zehner, Tajinder P. Singh, Andreas Zuckermann, Josef Stehlik
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas C. Hanff, Adeline Browne, Jacqueline Dickey, Holly Gaines, Michael O. Harhay, Matt Goodwin, Craig H. Selzman, James C. Fang, Stavros G. Drakos, Josef Stehlik
Summary: Among Status 2 patients for heart transplantation, those supported with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) had lower risk of waitlist mortality compared to patients with ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF), right-or-biventricular assist device configurations, or temporary surgical left ventricular assist devices (LVADs).
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wai Wong, Brandy Johnson, Pi Chun Cheng, Maureen B. Josephson, Katsuhide Maeda, Robert A. Berg, Steven M. Kawut, Michael O. Harhay, Samuel B. Goldfarb, Nadir Yehya, Adam S. Himebauch
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of grade 3 PGD within 48 or 72 hours on CLAD-free survival following pediatric lung transplantation. The study found that the occurrence of grade 3 PGD within 48 or 72 hours was associated with shorter CLAD-free survival, and gender may be a modifier of this association.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Guangyu Tong, Fan Li, Xinyuan Chen, Shashivadan P. Hirani, Stanton P. Newman, Wei Wang, Michael O. Harhay
Summary: Many studies face challenges with clustering and nonmortality outcomes that are truncated due to death. Traditional missing-data methods and causal estimands are not ideal for statistical inference in the presence of these issues. We developed a Bayesian estimator using principal stratification to address these problems and provide a causal interpretation of the treatment effect. Our simulation and reanalysis of a clinical trial showed promising results. Assessing the SACE estimand in studies with clustering and informative truncation can offer valuable insights into a subset of study participants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Angela Y. Y. Zhu, Nandita Mitra, Karla Hemming, Michael O. O. Harhay, Fan Li
Summary: Cluster-randomized trials (CRTs) involve randomizing entire groups of participants-called clusters-to treatment arms but are often comprised of a limited or fixed number of available clusters. Analytical methods for individual-level covariate adjustment in small CRTs have received little attention to date. In this paper, we systematically investigate the operating characteristics of two individual-level covariate adjustment strategies and the uncertainty in estimating the participant-average treatment effect.
BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bryan S. Blette, Anders Granholm, Fan Li, Manu Shankar-Hari, Theis Lange, Marie Warrer Munch, Morten Hylander Moller, Anders Perner, Michael O. Harhay
Summary: The recommended dose of dexamethasone for severe or critical COVID-19 patients is currently 6 mg per day. However, personalized dosing may be more optimal due to the heterogeneity of these patients. A study comparing 6 mg/d to 12 mg/d of dexamethasone found that the higher dose was associated with better long-term outcomes, particularly in certain patient subgroups. This suggests that using 12 mg/d of dexamethasone could be beneficial for most patients and further research is needed to optimize dosing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anders Granholm, Theis Lange, Michael O. Harhay, Aksel Karl Georg Jensen, Anders Perner, Morten Hylander Moller, Benjamin Skov Kaas-Hansen
Summary: The performance of adaptive clinical trial designs can be affected by different outcome-data lags. Longer outcome-data lags or faster inclusion rates generally lead to poorer performance metrics.
PHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS
(2023)
Letter
Respiratory System
Bhavesh Patel, Hugues Yver, Charlotte Z. Woods-Hill, Michael O. Harhay, Nadir Yehya
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Wei Wang, Guangyu Tong, Shashivadan P. Hirani, Stanton P. Newman, Scott D. Halpern, Dylan S. Small, Fan Li, Michael O. Harhay
Summary: In many medical studies, missing data due to death or dropout pose challenges in estimating treatment effects. This study proposes a mixed model approach and algorithm to estimate the survivor average causal effect (SACE) in cluster-randomized trials, filling the gap in existing methods.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)