Article
Thermodynamics
Dandan Qi, Kaixuan Yang, Xuan Zhao, Danhua Mei, Yaoyao Ying, Lei Xu, Xin Tu, Dong Liu
Summary: This study presents comprehensive optical diagnostics for flame behavior and soot emission under direct plasma coupling. The experimental results demonstrate the influence of plasma interaction on flame morphology, temperature, and soot emission. The study also reveals the relationships between flame morphological and electrical parameters. The findings contribute to a better understanding of flame combustion and soot emission.
Article
Thermodynamics
Francisco Cepeda, Rodrigo Demarco, Felipe Escudero, Juan Jose Cruz Villanueva, Gonzalo Carvajal, Andres Fuentes
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between soot concentration and temperature, and provided new data for time-dependent numerical simulations by measuring local radiative heat flux on transient laminar flames. Results showed that forced condition significantly changed soot production, temperature distribution, and radiative properties, enhancing flame radiation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Christopher Betrancourt, Damien Aubagnac-Karkar, Xavier Mercier, Abderrahman El-Bakali, Pascale Desgroux
Summary: This study investigates nucleation flames and their contribution to soot formation and growth. Experimental measurements and modeling simulations of flames with different equivalence ratios were conducted. The results show that nucleation flames produce very small-sized soot particles with negligible growth. The study validates the capability of the combustion model to predict soot volume fraction and emphasizes the need for improvements in particle inception modeling.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mengxiang Zhou, Fuwu Yan, Xianglin Zhong, Lei Xu, Yu Wang
Summary: Oxygenated biofuels like bioethanol and biodiesel are commonly used as clean fuel additives to reduce greenhouse gas and soot emissions. Experimental and numerical studies have shown that the effect of ethanol on soot formation varies depending on combustion conditions, with oxygen-related reactions playing a crucial role in explaining the opposing effects of ethanol addition in different flame configurations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenguang Yan, Chenguang Zhu
Summary: In this numerical study, the radiation intensity of muzzle flash was simulated using a high-speed CMOS camera. The problem of reconstructing temperature and soot volume fraction distributions was transformed into a minimization optimization problem, and a meta-heuristic algorithm was used to solve it. Experimental results showed that the noise level of the radiation intensity can be successfully inferred when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 20 dB. The reconstruction algorithm has the potential to be used in practical experiments of muzzle flash.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chinonso Ezenwajiaku, Midhat Talibi, Ramanarayanan Balachandran
Summary: This study focuses on the formation and growth characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in inverse diffusion flames of various hydrocarbon fuels enriched with H-2. The results show that only the addition of H-2 to CH4 significantly reduces PAH concentrations as the flame length increases. Additionally, the growth rate of PAHs remains relatively stable regardless of the fuel bonding, molecular structure, and H:C ratio.
Article
Thermodynamics
Stephan Kruse, Paul Medwell, Marco Davidovic, Zhiwei Sun, Jingjing Ye, Heinz Pitsch, Bassam B. Dally
Summary: The formation of soot in different turbulent jet flames is influenced by factors such as Reynolds number and stoichiometric mixture fraction. High soot loading leads to greater heat losses in flames with low Reynolds number and low stoichiometric mixture fraction, resulting in a reduction in particle size.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Phillip R. Johnson, Rajan K. Chakrabarty, Benjamin M. Kumfer
Summary: This study introduces a novel modeling approach to address the unique flame characteristics and soot formation effects in high-Z(st) environments. The model demonstrates robustness and applicability, successfully predicting soot volume fraction profiles and the first-ever prediction of the blue limit condition in a counterflow flame system.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hong-Quan Do, Luc-Sy Tran, Laurent Gasnot, Xavier Mercier, Abderrahman El Bakali
Summary: Experimental investigation on methane premixed flames with and without hydrogen showed that the introduction of hydrogen has insignificant impact on the maximum mole fractions of small species in the flame.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Tian, Anxiong Liu, Cheng Tung Chong, Luming Fan, Shiyao Ni, Andrew Hull, Angelica Hull, Stelios Rigopoulos, Kai H. Luo, Simone Hochgreb
Summary: The study investigates the sooting propensity of an Alcohol-to-Jet-Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (ATJ-SKA) biojet fuel compared to Jet A-1 through experimental measurements and numerical simulations. Results suggest that the chemical composition of the fuel may not be the determining factor for sooting propensity, and scanning electron microscope analysis reveals differences in soot particle characteristics produced by different fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hong-Quan Do, Alessandro Faccinetto, Luc-Sy Tran, Pascale Desgroux, Laurent Gasnot, Abderrahman El Bakali, Xavier Mercier
Summary: This study reports new experimental data on the impact of H-2 on slightly sooting methane flames. It shows that the introduction of H-2 strongly influences the formation of aromatic species and soot, as well as the nucleation and growth processes of the soot particles. The study also presents a novel analytical methodology for determining the volume fraction and size density function of soot particles.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Felipe Escudero, Mijail Littin, Rodrigo Demarco, Fengshan Liu, Andres Fuentes
Summary: A numerical study was conducted to investigate the effects of water vapor addition on soot formation in ethylene/hydrogen flames. The results showed that increasing hydrogen content reduced flame height, soot volume fraction, and flame radiation, while adding water vapor slightly increased flame height but reduced soot volume fraction and temperature. Dilution effects played a dominant role in changing soot loading and radiation, while thermal effects played a dominant role in carbon-to-soot conversion efficiency. Chemical pathway analysis provided insights into changes in main reactions for soot precursor formation.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Safa Algoraini, Zhiwei Sun, Bassam B. B. Dally, Zeyad T. T. Alwahabi
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the structure of laminar premixed ethylene/air flat flames at low pressure. The aim is to understand the conditions and precursors affecting soot particle inception. Laser-induced incandescence and emission spectroscopy techniques were used to measure the profiles of soot volume fraction, CH* and C-2* radicals, and temperatures. The study reveals the spatial distribution of these variables as a function of height above the burner and their relationship with pressure.
APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Feichi Zhang, Thorsten Zirwes, Thomas Haeber, Henning Bockhorn, Dimosthenis Trimis, Rainer Suntz
Summary: Highly-resolved numerical simulations are used to study flame-wall interaction of laminar premixed flames, revealing changes in flame dynamics as the flame approaches a cold wall or operates as a free flame. The flame is compressed tangentially near the cold wall and elongated in the free flame case, leading to variations in flame consumption speed based on normal and tangential strain rates. This research provides new insights for modeling FWI phenomena and demonstrates a strong correlation of flame dynamics during transitions from FWI to freely propagating flames.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. V. Drakon, E. V. Gurentsov, A. V. Eremin, R. N. Kolotushkin, E. S. Khodyko, H. Jander
Summary: This paper presents the experimental and calculated results of investigating the soot formation in a premixed ethylene/air flame with the addition of dimethyl ether. The experimental results show that the addition of dimethyl ether affects the soot volume fraction. The kinetic modeling and analysis reveal the importance of benzene formation as a precursor to soot.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Johnny Abboud, Julie Schobing, Guillaume Legros, Alexis Matynia, Jerome Bonnety, Valerie Tschamber, Alain Brillard, Gontrand Leyssens, Patrick Da Costa
Article
Thermodynamics
B. Franzelli, M. Roussillo, P. Scouflaire, J. Bonnety, R. Jalain, T. Dormieux, S. Candel, G. Legros
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Masashi Nagachi, Fumiya Mitsui, Jean-Marie Citerne, Hugo Dutilleul, Augustin Guibaud, Grunde Jomaas, Guillaume Legros, Nozomu Hashimoto, Osamu Fujita
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Agnes Jocher, Jerome Bonnety, Thomas Gomez, Heinz Pitsch, Guillaume Legros
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Guibaud, J. M. Citerne, J. M. Orlac'h, O. Fujita, J. -L. Consalvi, J. L. Torero, G. Legros
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hailong Zhang, Ophelie Pereira, Guillaume Legros, Eduard Emil Iojoiu, Maria Elena Galvez, Yaoqiang Chen, Patrick Da Costa
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. N. Maesano, G. Morel, A. Matynia, N. Ratsombath, J. Bonnety, G. Legros, P. Da Costa, J. Prud'homme, I. Annesi-Maesano
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Thermodynamics
Masashi Nagachi, Jean-Marie Citerne, Hugo Dutilleul, Augustin Guibaud, Grunde Jomaas, Guillaume Legros, Nozomu Hashimoto, Osamu Fujita
Summary: Parabolic flight experiments were conducted to study the effect of ambient pressure on the extinction limit for opposed flame spread over an electric wire insulation in microgravity. The results showed that the limiting volumetric oxygen concentration (LOC) increased as total ambient pressure decreased, while the limiting oxygen partial pressure (LOPP) decreased. Therefore, consideration of ambient pressure in fire safety design for spacecraft is necessary.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elissa El Rassy, Aurelie Delaroque, Patrick Sambou, Harish Kumar Chakravarty, Alexis Matynia
Summary: This work compared the efficiency of the particle swarm algorithm and the genetic algorithm in optimizing detailed kinetic mechanisms, finding that for the majority of strategies, the particle swarm algorithm is more efficient than the genetic algorithm.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
R. Jalain, J. Bonnety, G. Legros, A. Matynia
Summary: This study investigated the impact of adding alcohols to fuel mixtures on soot emissions in internal combustion engines. Analysis using gas chromatography revealed differences in intermediate species and alkene production due to the addition of different alcohols. The results provide new insights into the effects of alcohols on combustion processes and emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yifan Yang, Haodong Zhang, Linye Li, Mingming Gu, Xi Xia, Fei Qi
Summary: This paper investigates the formation of a blue whirl by controlling tangential and radial airflows. By using a unique fire whirl apparatus, the blue whirl can be formed directly upon ignition without going through the transient phase. The study also discovers new flame regimes and explores the mechanism behind the formation and transition of the blue whirl.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaobin Qi, Songyan Gao, Zhiping Zhu, Qinggang Lyu, Haixia Zhang
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the propagation characteristics of reverse combustion under oxygen-limited and enriched conditions. The contribution of volatiles gas-phase oxidation and char surface oxidation to reverse combustion was evaluated. The results showed that oxygen enrichment expanded the operating range of oxygen flow rate for reverse combustion and enhanced the low-temperature oxidation of the solid fuel. The findings provide a better understanding of the driving mechanism of reverse combustion and have important implications for efficient thermal conversion of solid fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bingjie Chen, Peng Liu, Bingzhi Liu, Zhandong Wang, Xiang Gao, William L. Roberts
Summary: In this study, the low temperature oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was investigated using experiments and numerical simulations. The results showed the presence of toxic oxygenated aromatic compounds and proposed potential formation pathways. The numerical simulations accurately predicted the mole fractions of most compounds, but some compounds were missing.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Sui, Zhiheng Zhu, Fashe Li, Hua Wang
Summary: The effect of adding ferrocene as a combustion catalyst to Jatropha biodiesel on its pyrolysis and combustion performance is investigated. The results show that adding ferrocene reduces activation energy and harmful emissions while improving combustion efficiency.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Manaf Sheyyab, Mohammed Abdulrahman, Subharaj Hossain, Patrick T. Lynch, Eric K. Mayhew, Kenneth Brezinsky
Summary: Fuel surrogates, simplified representations of complex fuels, accurately model speciation results and reaction kinetics, reproduce the ignition quality and chemical functional group compositions of their parent fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yan Wang, Shumeng Xie, Hannes Bottler, Yiqing Wang, Xinyi Chen, Arne Scholtissek, Christian Hasse, Zheng Chen
Summary: This study investigates how flow affects the ignition and transition process of a cool flame. The results show that the ignition energy determines the highest temperature and the strain rate influences the flame propagation and the transition from cool flame to hot flame.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tanusree Chatterjee, Mengyuan Wang, Goutham Kukkadapu, Chih-Jen Sung, William J. Pitz
Summary: Cycloalkanes, including cyclohexane, are important hydrocarbons in transportation fuels. However, limited oxidation data at low-to-intermediate temperatures and inadequate predictive ability of kinetic models have hindered the understanding and improvement of cyclohexane oxidation. This study provides experimental and modeling results to develop a more accurate kinetic model for cyclohexane oxidation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tao Wu, Erik Hagen, Haiyang Wang, Dylan J. Kline, Michael R. Zachariah, Carole Rossi
Summary: It was found that incorporating CuO into Al/I2O5 can significantly reduce the ignition time and enhance the combustion performance. The optimum composition of 80/20 wt% of I2O5/CuO shows a 30 times shorter ignition time and produces a peak pressure and pressurization rate 4 and 26 times greater than traditional Al/I2O5. A series of characterizations helped unravel the cause of improvement and propose a reaction mechanism for this ternary Al/I2O5/CuO system. This study proposes a facile, inexpensive, and efficient way to enhance the combustion performance of Al/I2O5 biocidal nanoenergetic materials.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahmoud Gadalla, Shervin Karimkashi, Islam Kabil, Ossi Kaario, Tianfeng Lu, Ville Vuorinen
Summary: In this study, the flame initiation process in dual-fuel spray assisted combustion is explored through scale-resolved simulations, providing numerical evidence on the initiation of premixed flames. It is found that there is a transient mixed-mode combustion phase after ignition, followed by a primarily deflagrative combustion mode. The interactions between turbulence and premixed flame front are characterized in the corrugated regime.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Neeraj Kumar Pradhan, Arindrajit Chowdhury, Debasis Chakraborty, Neeraj Kumbhakarna
Summary: In this study, a modified model for predicting the burn rate of composite solid propellants is proposed. The model has been validated against experimental and theoretical results, and it outperforms existing models in all cases considered. The model is highly robust and provides results quickly, making it highly efficient in terms of time, effort, and computational resources.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lili Ye, Zhihe Zhang, Fan Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Yiming Lu, Lei Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the pyrolysis mechanism of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) explosive using ab initio and kinetic modeling simulations. The results showed that N-NO2 bond fission and C-H beta-scission are important channels in the decomposition of HMX.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Andrei N. Lipatnikov, Hsuchew Lee, Peng Dai, Minping Wan, Vladimir A. Sabelnikov
Summary: This study investigates the importance of thermodiffusive and hydrodynamic instabilities of laminar flames in turbulent flows through numerical simulations. The analysis suggests that laminar flame instabilities play a minor role at sufficiently high Karlovitz numbers.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shijie Xu, Yue Qiu, Leilei Xu, Jianqing Huang, Shen Li, Elna J. K. Nilsson, Zhongshan Li, Weiwei Cai, Marcus Alden, Xue-Song Bai
Summary: Metal powder is a promising carbon-free and recyclable energy carrier. In this study, a computational model for the combustion and phase change of micron-sized iron particles was proposed and validated. The model successfully captures the melting, surface reactions, cooling, and solidification processes. The study also reveals a two-stage solidification phenomenon and identifies a diffusion-controlled mechanism during the melting process. The reaction between iron and CH4/O2/N2 flame products is found to play a significant role in the iron combustion process.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Khalid Aljohani, Abd El-Sabor Mohamed, Haitao Lu, Henry J. Curran, S. Mani Sarathy, Aamir Farooq
Summary: This study investigates the impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and NOx on the ignition delay time of oxygenated gasoline. A gasoline surrogate model is developed and the experimental data are useful for predicting fuel ignition behavior in internal combustion engines. The results show that EGR inhibits gasoline reactivity, while NOx has a promoting effect at high temperatures. This research is important for understanding the combustion behavior of gasoline in engines.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chengcheng Ao, Jia Yan, Tong Yan, Lidong Zhang, Pan Wang
Summary: This study investigates the inhibitory effect of ammonia blended with hydrocarbon fuels on soot formation. The results show that there is a chemical interaction between ammonia and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), blocking the formation of larger PAHs.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)