4.7 Article

Low crystalline apatite in bone char produced at low temperature ameliorates phosphorus-deficient soils

期刊

CHEMOSPHERE
卷 223, 期 -, 页码 723-730

出版社

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.048

关键词

Phosphorus; Soil; Bone; Waste

资金

  1. Canada Foundation for Innovation
  2. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
  3. University of Saskatchewan
  4. Government of Saskatchewan
  5. Western Economic Diversification Canada
  6. National Research Council Canada
  7. Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  8. European Regional Development Fund Interreg Oresund - Kattegat - Skagerak

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Globally, more than 30% of soils are poor in phosphorus (P) and the productivity of these soils is severely restricted without the addition of P fertiliser. With future P supplies becoming limited, it is becoming increasingly important to identify ways of optimising the use of waste materials as P fertilisers. One technology that has been promoted extensively in recent years to improve quality of degraded soils is the application of biochar. In this context, char produced from recycled animal bone is of special interest because of its high P content (-15%). This study investigated how production temperature affects chemical P forms in bone char and the impact on soil P availability in different P-deficient soils. The major P form in dried bone meal was poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite. As the pyrolysis temperature increased to 1050 degrees C, the hydroxyapatite structure measured with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy persisted. Furthermore, crystallinity increased at temperatures above 750 degrees C, as revealed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Plant availability was highest for bone char produced between 300 degrees C and 500 degrees C in three acidic soils from three continents, and declined rapidly above 750 degrees C. This strongly indicated that crystallinity of hydroxyapatite limits plant availability at high pyrolysis temperatures. In a high pH soil, all materials resulted in low P availability. As pyrolysis increased the P availability in comparison with dried bone, it was concluded that bone char produced at temperatures between 300 degrees C and 500 degrees C has the potential to improve fertility of P-poor, low pH soils. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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