Article
Infectious Diseases
Nelsa Matienzo, Mariam M. Youssef, Devon Comito, Benjamin Lane, Chanel Ligon, Haruka Morita, Arianna Winchester, Mary E. Decker, Peter Dayan, Bo Shopsin, Jeffrey Shaman
Summary: This study found that respiratory viruses are common in pediatric emergency department visits, with human rhinovirus being the most frequently detected pathogen. The seasonal distribution of influenza, HRV, RSV, and coronavirus varies, and children with HRV were more likely to have a history of asthma. Co-infection rates were higher in children than in adults.ược
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yinghan Chan, Sin Wi Ng, Sachin Kumar Singh, Monica Gulati, Gaurav Gupta, Sushil Kumar Chaudhary, Goh Bey Hing, Trudi Collet, Ronan MacLoughlin, Raimar Lobenberg, Brian G. Oliver, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Kamal Dua
Summary: Viral respiratory tract infections have a significant impact on global health and socio-economic growth, with vaccination being the primary method of prevention. However, traditional vaccines have limitations, prompting the need for novel vaccine delivery vehicles to enhance immune responses. This review explores how polymer-based nanoparticles can be integrated with vaccine development to effectively combat viral respiratory tract infections.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jae-Hong Lee, Seong-Nyum Jeong
Summary: The study found an association between chronic periodontitis and acute respiratory infections, particularly with acute upper and lower respiratory infections.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rute Maria Pinto, Siddharth Bakshi, Spyros Lytras, Mohammad Khalid Zakaria, Simon Swingler, Julie C. Worrell, Vanessa Herder, Kerrie E. Hargrave, Margus Varjak, Natalia Cameron-Ruiz, Mila Collados Rodriguez, Mariana Varela, Arthur Wickenhagen, Colin Loney, Yanlong Pei, Joseph Hughes, Elise Valette, Matthew L. Turnbull, Wilhelm Furnon, Quan Gu, Lauren Orr, Aislynn Taggart, Ola Diebold, Chris Davis, Chris Boutell, Finn Grey, Edward Hutchinson, Paul Digard, Isabella Monne, Sarah K. Wootton, Megan K. L. MacLeod, Sam J. Wilson, Massimo Palmarini
Summary: The human protein BTN3A3 has been identified as a potent inhibitor of avian influenza viruses but not human influenza viruses. However, some avian influenza viruses can evade this inhibition. Therefore, the sensitivity or resistance to BTN3A3 should be considered in the risk assessment of zoonotic potential of avian influenza viruses.
Article
Immunology
Cheng-Chun Tai, Cheng-Hsien Tsai, Yu-Han Huang, Chia-Lin Lee, Hsin-Pai Chen, Yu-Jiun Chan
Summary: Respiratory viruses, particularly NIRVs, were frequently detected in adults hospitalized with RTIs, showing distinctive seasonal variations. A substantial number of RVs were identified in lower RT specimens or from patients admitted to ICU, highlighting their important role in causing severe respiratory infections.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Robert G. Feldman, Raffaele Antonelli-Incalzi, Katie Steenackers, Dong-Gun Lee, Alberto Papi, Michael G. Ison, Laurence Fissette, Marie-Pierre David, Celine Marechal, Marie Van der Wielen, Lusine Kostanyan, Veronica Hulstrom
Summary: The study shows that older adults with chronic cardiorespiratory or endocrine/metabolic conditions are more prone to respiratory illnesses caused by RSV. A new vaccine has demonstrated significant efficacy against RSV-related diseases in these high-risk populations. The study evaluated the vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity in participants with coexisting medical conditions.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Dickinson, Huey Yi Chong, Toby Leslie, Mark Rowland, Kristian Schultz Hansen, Dwayne Boyers
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of POCCRP testing versus current clinical practice in primary healthcare facilities in Afghanistan using a decision tree model. The results predict a reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions and improved treatment outcomes with POCCRP intervention. The cost-effectiveness of POCCRP tests depends on willingness to pay for reductions in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing.
Article
Microbiology
Klaudia Chrzastek, Simona Kraberger, Kara Schmidlin, Rafaela S. Fontenele, Arun Kulkarni, Len Chappell, Louise Dufour-Zavala, Darrell R. Kapczynski, Arvind Varsani
Summary: High-throughput sequencing methods have been used to identify various small DNA viruses with circular genome organization, including cressdnaviruses and microviruses. Among these, genomoviruses and smacoviruses were found to be the most prevalent across the samples. Additionally, 26 bacteriophages belonging to the Microviridae family were identified, providing important information for studying microbial communities associated with animals.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bridget O'Brien, Lawrence Goodridge, Jennifer Ronholm, Neda Nasheri
Summary: Despite theoretical possibilities, there is currently no empirical evidence to confirm that human respiratory viruses can be transmitted through food.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Suncanica Ljubin-Sternak, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ivana Luksic, Maja Mijac, Jasmina Vranes
Summary: Respiratory viral infections are a major global health burden, requiring timely and targeted diagnostic approaches. Seasonal coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, and bocaviruses play a persistent role in respiratory infections, emphasizing the need for continuous virological diagnosis and global monitoring of disease burden associated with these viruses.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marc Raad, Marc Abou Haidar, Racha Ibrahim, Rouba Rahal, Jocelyne Abou Jaoude, Carine Harmouche, Bassem Habr, Eliane Ayoub, Gebrayel Saliba, Ghassan Sleilaty, Karam Mounzer, Rindala Saliba, Moussa Riachy
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of S.maltophilia pneumonia in critical COVID-19 patients. S.maltophilia pneumonia was found to be common in ICU and associated with a longer hospital stay. Risk factors for S.maltophilia pneumonia included previous treatment with meropenem, thrombopenia, endotracheal intubation, foley catheter, and central venous catheter insertion.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Ana Mendez-Echevarria, Maria Belen Caminoa, Teresa del Rosal, Inmaculada Casas, Francisco Pozo, Samuel Ignacio Pascual-Pascual, Mar Garcia-Romero, Carmen Camara, Cristina Calvo
Summary: The study found that patients with A-T are more likely to present symptomatic viral infections compared to controls, especially those with lower IgA and higher IgM levels, as well as increased CD8+ cell counts.
Article
Immunology
Michaela Lackner, Annika Roessler, Andre Volland, Marlena Nastassja Stadtmueller, Brigitte Muellauer, Zoltan Banki, Johannes Stroehle, Angela Luttick, Jennifer Fenner, Bettina Sarg, Leopold Kremser, Paul Tone, Heribert Stoiber, Dorothee von Laer, Thorsten Wolff, Carsten Schwarz, Markus Nagl
Summary: This study demonstrates the broad antiviral activity of N-chlorotaurine (NCT) against various viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza viruses, and RSV. NCT exerts virucidal effects by chlorinating and oxidizing viral proteins, with enhanced activity in the presence of proteinaceous material. The findings suggest that the application of 1.0% NCT could be a comprehensive clinical strategy for the prevention and treatment of acute viral respiratory tract infections.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jing Yang, Dandan Li, Jie Wang, Rui Zhang, Jinming Li
Summary: Viral respiratory infections are common and serious, and early diagnosis is crucial for effective management. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR) is the best method for early diagnosis, and multiplex rRT-PCR can address various challenges associated with viral respiratory infections. However, the design and validation of multiplex rRT-PCR are more complex, and comprehensive research is lacking. This review provides guidance for designing and optimizing multiplex rRT-PCR detection panels and assesses the clinical utility of multiplex rRT-PCR in viral respiratory tract infection diagnosis.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sonia Burrel, Pierre Hausfater, Martin Dres, Valerie Pourcher, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Elisa Teyssou, Cathia Soulie, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, David Boutolleau
Summary: The study found that during the early outbreak of COVID-19, there were co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viruses in patients, and lower respiratory tract samples could improve the accuracy of diagnosing COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Arwa Abbas, Joseph P. Zackular
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Louis J. Taylor, Arwa Abbas, Frederic D. Bushman
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Arwa Abbas, Louis J. Taylor, Ronald G. Collman, Frederic D. Bushman
Summary: Viruses in the family Redondoviridae have a circular genome of 3.0 kb with three open reading frames, inferred to be single-stranded DNA. These viruses were discovered through metagenomic sequencing methods in human subjects and are associated with periodontitis and critical illness, but have not been proven to be the causative agent of any diseases.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Louis J. Taylor, Marisol Dothard, Meagan A. Rubel, Audrey A. Allen, Young Hwang, Aoife M. Roche, Jevon Graham-Wooten, Ayannah S. Fitzgerald, Layla A. Khatib, Alessia Ranciaro, Simon R. Thompson, William R. Beggs, Michael C. Campbell, Gaonyadiwe G. Mokone, Sununguko Wata Mpoloka, Charles Fokunang, Alfred K. Njamnshi, Eric Mbunwe, Dawit Woldemeskel, Gurja Belay, Thomas Nyambo, Sarah A. Tishkoff, Ronald G. Collman, Frederic D. Bushman
Summary: Redondoviridae is a newly established family of circular Rep-encoding single stranded DNA viruses that are widely distributed in the human respiratory tract. Studies have found that the virus has a high prevalence in saliva samples from rural African populations and urban U.S. populations, with diverse strains within individuals and evolving through recombination.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Carter Merenstein, Guanxiang Liang, Samantha A. Whiteside, Ana G. Cobian-Guemes, Madeline S. Merlino, Louis J. Taylor, Abigail Glascock, Kyle Bittinger, Ceylan Tanes, Jevon Graham-Wooten, Layla A. Khatib, Ayannah S. Fitzgerald, Shantan Reddy, Amy E. Baxter, Josephine R. Giles, Derek A. Oldridge, Nuala J. Meyer, E. John Wherry, John E. McGinniss, Frederic D. Bushman, Ronald G. Collman
Summary: The study found that patients with COVID-19 have dysbiosis in the respiratory tract microbiome, with significant changes over time, and the diversity of oropharyngeal microbiome at the initial stage is inversely correlated with disease severity. Additionally, microbiome composition is associated with systemic immune parameters, and machine learning analysis indicates early microbiome features can effectively discriminate COVID-19 severity.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
John E. McGinniss, Ronald G. Collman
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David C. Schultz, Robert M. Johnson, Kasirajan Ayyanathan, Jesse Miller, Kanupriya Whig, Brinda Kamalia, Mark Dittmar, Stuart Weston, Holly L. Hammond, Carly Dillen, Jeremy Ardanuy, Louis Taylor, Jae Seung Lee, Minghua Li, Emily Lee, Clarissa Shoffler, Christopher Petucci, Samuel Constant, Marc Ferrer, Christoph A. Thaiss, Matthew B. Frieman, Sara Cherry
Summary: This study screened and validated 122 drugs with antiviral activity and selectivity against SARS-CoV-2 out of approximately 18,000 drugs. Among them are the approved antivirals remdesivir and molnupiravir. The study also found that combining pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitors with antiviral nucleoside analogues synergistically inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Virology
Fang Lu, Urvi Zankharia, Olga Vladimirova, Yanjie Yi, Ronald G. Collman, Paul M. Lieberman
Summary: HIV-infected macrophages have a unique epigenetic control pattern, with viral genomes maintained in a noncanonical bivalent state. These findings may contribute to the discovery of new mechanisms for controlling chronic HIV expression in infected macrophages.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Gina Hong, Scott G. Daniel, Jung-Jin Lee, Kyle Bittinger, Laurel Glaser, Lisa M. Mattei, Daniel J. Dorgan, Denis Hadjiliadis, Steven M. Kawut, Ronald G. Collman
Summary: The respiratory tract fungal microbiome in adults with cystic fibrosis is associated with lung function, exacerbation status, medication use, and CFTR modulator use. Further research is necessary to better understand fungal diversity in the CF airway and its impact on lung health.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Carter Merenstein, Ayannah S. Fitzgerald, Layla A. Khatib, Jevon Graham-Wooten, Frederic D. Bushman, Ronald G. Collman
Summary: Reusing disposable face masks for 7 days did not significantly affect the facial skin or oropharyngeal microbiome compared to using fresh masks daily, despite a higher level of bacterial contamination. The impact of mask reuse on the host is still understudied.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Microbiology
Julia M. Kelliher, Marisa Rudolph, Pajau Vangay, Arwa Abbas, Mikayla A. Borton, Emily R. Davenport, Karen W. Davenport, Natalia G. Erazo, Chloe Herman, Lisa Karstens, Brandon Kocurek, Holly L. Lutz, Kevin S. Myers, Ingrid Ockert, Francisca E. Rodriguez, Camille Santistevan, Jaclyn K. Saunders, Montana L. Smith, Emily Vogtmann, Amanda Windsor, Elisha M. Wood-Charlson, Lou Woodley, Emiley A. Eloe-Fadrosh
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yanjie Yi, Urvi Zankharia, Joel A. Cassel, Fang Lu, Joseph M. Salvino, Paul M. Lieberman, Ronald G. Collman
Summary: Three drugs that can suppress HIV-1 expression in macrophages have been discovered through high-throughput screening. These drugs can reduce virus expression and alter the epigenetic profiles of the virus genome. The significance of this research lies in the potential to identify new drugs for treating HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders or preventing viral rebound without relying on antiretroviral therapy (ART) to achieve ART-free remission or cure.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Emma L. Keeler, Louis J. Taylor, Arwa Abbas, Ronald G. Collman, Frederic D. Bushman
Summary: In this report, the genome of a circular Rep encoding segmented or satellite virus, named rengasvirus, is discussed. Through metagenomic studies, rengasvirus was widely detected, including in reagent-negative controls, emphasizing the importance of recognizing potential contaminating sequences.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meagan A. Rubel, Arwa Abbas, Louis J. Taylor, Andrew Connell, Ceylan Tanes, Kyle Bittinger, Valentine N. Ndze, Julius Y. Fonsah, Eric Ngwang, Andre Essiane, Charles Fokunang, Alfred K. Njamnshi, Frederic D. Bushman, Sarah A. Tishkoff