Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Si-Jia Sun, Wing-Hon Lai, Yu Jiang, Zhe Zhen, Rui Wei, Qizhou Lian, Song-Yan Liao, Hung-Fat Tse
Summary: Pre-transplantation systemic intravenous administration of hiPSC-MSCs induced immunomodulation and facilitated the survival of intramyocardially transplanted cells to improve cardiac function in MI.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsuan Peng, Kazuhiro Shindo, Renee R. Donahue, Ahmed Abdel-Latif
Summary: Stem cell-based cardiac therapies present challenges in cell delivery, engraftment, and differentiation, but still lead to sustained cardiac benefits. Current research focuses on exploring the mechanisms of stem cell-mediated cardiac immunomodulation, with efforts to improve current strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Moein Ala
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. They attenuate various detrimental effects after myocardial infarction (MI) and improve cardiac function. MSC-derived exosomes also show promising effects in MI treatment. However, there are still modifiable factors that need to be optimized, such as timing and route of administration, as well as MSC pretreatment approaches. Future clinical trials should consider these advances to accurately assess the efficacy of MSCs or their exosomes for MI.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Armin Attar, Fateme Bahmanzadegan Jahromi, Shahin Kavousi, Ahmad Monabati, Asma Kazemi
Summary: Research on the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in increasing ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has sparked some controversy. This study found that transplantation of MSCs after AMI significantly increases LVEF, with a more pronounced effect if done within the first week after the heart attack. Further studies are needed to investigate long-term clinical outcomes such as heart failure and cardiovascular mortality.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nitirut Nernpermpisooth, Charlotte Sarre, Christian Barrere, Rafael Contreras, Patricia Luz-Crawford, Gautier Tejedor, Anne Vincent, Christophe Piot, Sarawut Kumphune, Joel Nargeot, Christian Jorgensen, Stephanie Barrere-Lemaire, Farida Djouad
Summary: Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death worldwide, and while adult mesenchymal stem cells have shown regenerative properties in preclinical models, their beneficial effects in clinical trials are controversial.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alasdair G. Kay, Kane Treadwell, Paul Roach, Rebecca Morgan, Rhys Lodge, Mairead Hyland, Anna M. Piccinini, Nicholas R. Forsyth, Oksana Kehoe
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an antigen-induced model of arthritis. The results showed that these EVs reduced knee-joint swelling, improved histopathological outcomes, and regulated T cell polarization. Among the different conditions tested, EVs cultured under normoxic conditions demonstrated the optimal therapeutic effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junlang Li, Yongbo Lv, Dashuai Zhu, Xuan Mei, Ke Huang, Xianyun Wang, Zhenhua Li, Sichen Zhang, Shiqi Hu, Kristen D. Popowski, Ke Cheng, Juan Wang
Summary: A comparison between intramyocardial (IM) injection and intrapericardial cavity (IPC) injection of adult stem cells in hydrogel showed that IPC injection led to better retention and therapeutic benefits, resulting in significant improvement in cardiac function. Furthermore, IPC delivery demonstrated better cellular proliferation, less apoptosis, and improved vascular regeneration in the myocardium. Additionally, IPC injections led to higher rates of MSC-exosome absorption by heart cells, indicating more extensive paracrine activity and showing promise as a solution for the low retention issue of MSCs in the infarcted heart.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biology
Si-Jia Sun, Fei Li, Ming Dong, Wei-Hao Liang, Wing-Hon Lai, Wai-In Ho, Rui Wei, Yan Huang, Song-Yan Liao, Hung-Fat Tse
Summary: The combination of repeated systemic infusion and local transplantation of hiPSC-MSCs could enhance regenerative therapies for cardiovascular disease, improving therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of hind-limb ischemia.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madina Sarsenova, Assel Issabekova, Saule Abisheva, Kristina Rutskaya-Moroshan, Vyacheslav Ogay, Arman Saparov
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types and possess unique immunomodulatory properties, making them a promising tool in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Current treatments for RA have limitations such as side effects and drug resistance, leading to the exploration of MSC-based therapy as a potential approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xianyun Wang, Shiqi Hu, Dashuai Zhu, Junlang Li, Ke Cheng, Gang Liu
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in cell-cell communication and tissue regeneration. However, their clinical potential is limited due to low yield. This study compared MSC nanovesicles (NVs) obtained through extrusion with EVs from natural secretion. Proteomics and RNA sequencing data showed that NVs closely resemble MSCs and contain microRNAs associated with cardiac repair, fibrosis repression, and angiogenesis. Intravenous delivery of MSC NVs improved heart repair and cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yu-Yan Xiong, Zhao-Ting Gong, Rui-Jie Tang, Yue-Jin Yang
Summary: AMI is a leading cause of mortality globally, with inflammatory response playing a pivotal role in myocardial necrosis and ventricular remodeling. Exosomes, containing biologically active substances, have emerged as key players in immune regulation post AMI, alongside a variety of immune cells working together for tissue cleanup and repair. Research into exosomes from both endogenous immune cells and exogenous stem cells has shown promising therapeutic effects in immunomodulation for myocardial repair post AMI.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Huifeng Zheng, Xiaoting Liang, Qian Han, Zhuang Shao, Yuxiao Zhang, Linli Shi, Yimei Hong, Weifeng Li, Cong Mai, Qingwen Mo, Qingling Fu, Xiaoxue Ma, Fang Lin, Mimi Li, Bei Hu, Xin Li, Yuelin Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that Hemin-pretreated MSC-derived exosomes are more effective in treating myocardial infarction compared to regular MSC-derived exosomes, with exosomal miR-183-5p playing a key role in inhibiting cardiomyocyte senescence through regulation of the HMGB1/ERK pathway.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Li, Yuting Tang, Leijing Yin, Xiaofang Lin, Zhengyang Luo, Shuxin Wang, Ludong Yuan, Pengfei Liang, Bimei Jiang
Summary: Myocardial infarction refers to irreversible cardiac function impairment caused by inadequate blood supply to the heart. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes play a crucial role in its treatment, primarily through their paracrine secretion of multiple factors. Despite the advantages of exosome therapy, maintaining stability and enhancing targeting effects remain challenging in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mei Yang, Mingmei Liao, Ruijie Liu, Qi Zhang, Sai Zhang, Yi He, Jin Jin, Pengfei Zhang, Lin Zhou
Summary: This study confirmed the important role of hucMSC-derived EVs loaded with miR-223 in the treatment of MI. MiR-223 can alleviate the pathological process of MI by suppressing fibrosis and promoting angiogenesis, and promote myocardial repair by regulating the P53/S100A9 axis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Weihua Bian, Wangping Chen, Thanh Nguyen, Yang Zhou, Jianyi Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that miR-199a-overexpressing hiPSC-CMs can increase cell proliferation in a heart infarction model, improving cardiac function and fibrosis. While the treatment may lead to lethal arrhythmia, there was no evidence of sudden death in the mouse model. Future investigations on miR-199a-overexpressing hiPSC-CMs in larger animals are supported by these results.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weiang Yan, Michael H. Yamashita
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yue Chang, Sandra M. Ragheb, Nebojsa Oravec, David Kent, Kristina Nugent, Alexandra Cornick, Brett Hiebert, James L. Rudolph, Alasdair M. J. MacLullich, Rakesh C. Arora
Summary: This study validated the 4 A's Test delirium screening tool and evaluated its accuracy when used by research assistants and subsequently implemented by nursing staff. The results showed that the 4 A's Test had moderate sensitivity and high specificity for detecting delirium among cardiac surgery patients on the postoperative ward.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Charles Yin, Hellmuth R. Muller Moran, Rakesh C. Arora
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nebojsa Oravec, Rakesh C. Arora, Brian Bjorklund, April Gregora, Caroline Monnin, Mudra G. Dave, Todd A. Duhamel, David E. Kent, Annette S. H. Schultz, Anna M. Chudyk
Summary: In this study, patient and caregiver preferences and prioritized outcomes related to perioperative care in cardiac surgery were identified through a scoping review and validated through consultation workshops. The most common theme of patient and caregiver preferences was information and education, with improved quality of life being the most common patient-prioritized outcome. The findings have important implications for improving clinical practice in cardiac surgery.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
J. W. Awori Hayanga, Subhasis Chatterjee, Bo Soo Kim, HelenMari Merritt-Genore, Rita Carrie Karianna Milewski, Jonathan W. Haft, Rakesh C. Arora
Summary: The high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 and severity of COVID-19 have created a global health emergency. The virus enters host cells through the spike membrane protein, with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as the receptor. The pandemic has tested the global health infrastructure and led to the exploration of new strategies. ECMO has been used as a rescue option, but there is no consensus on a specific scoring system for its severity assessment.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Heather Rossong, Summer Debreuil, Weiang Yan, Brett M. Hiebert, Rohit K. Singal, Rakesh C. Arora, Michael H. Yamashita
Summary: This study examined the 5-year survival and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients treated with venoarterial (VA)- or venovenous (VV)-ECMO. The study found that the 5-year survival rates for patients who survived the initial 30 days were 73% (VA-ECMO) and 71% (VV-ECMO). Some survivors had persistent HRQoL concerns, highlighting the importance of longer-term post-discharge follow-up.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Derrick Y. Tam, Jan O. Friedrich, Rakesh C. Arora, Bobby Yanagawa
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nebojsa Oravec, Mackenzie A. M. King, Tyler Spencer, Rachel Eikelboom, David Kent, Kristin Reynolds, Renee El-Gabalawy, Anna M. Chudyk, Colleen Metge, Alexandra Cornick, Rohan M. Sanjanwala, Erika Lee, Brett Hiebert, Kristina Nugent, Mudra G. Dave, Todd A. Duhamel, Rakesh C. Arora
SEMINARS IN THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Arutha Kulasinghe, Ning Liu, Chin Wee Tan, James Monkman, Jane E. Sinclair, Dharmesh D. Bhuva, David Godbolt, Liuliu Pan, Andy Nam, Habib Sadeghirad, Kei Sato, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Ken O'Byrne, Camila Hartmann, Anna Flavia Ribeiro Dos Santos Miggiolaro, Gustavo Lenci Marques, Lidia Zytynski Moura, Derek Richard, Mark Adams, Lucia de Noronha, Cristina Pellegrino Baena, Jacky Y. Suen, Rakesh Arora, Gabrielle T. Belz, Kirsty R. Short, Melissa J. Davis, Fernando Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes, John F. Fraser
Summary: The study reveals distinct transcriptomic profiles in cardiac tissues of SARS-CoV-2 and pH1N1 influenza infection, with upregulation of genes associated with DNA damage and repair, heat shock, and macrophage infiltration in COVID-19 patients' cardiac tissues. In comparison, pH1N1 infection showed upregulation of interferon and complement pathways. This highlights the need for further understanding of the effects on extra-pulmonary organs, including the cardiovascular system, in COVID-19 patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michel Pompeu Sa, Jef Van den Eynde, Matheus Simonato, Sameer Hirji, Ozgun Erten, Xander Jacquemyn, Panagiotis Tasoudis, Alexander Dokollari, Serge Sicouri, Alexander Weymann, Arjang Ruhparwar, Rakesh Arora, Marie- Annick Clavel, Philippe Pibarot, Basel Ramlawi
Summary: The study found that ViV-TAVI is associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality in the short term after the procedure compared to redo SAVR. However, over time, redo SAVR seems to be protective against all-cause mortality. These results should be interpreted with caution as they are based on pooled data from observational studies, and further clinical trials are needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael C. Grant, Desiree Chappell, Tong J. Gan, Michael W. Manning, Timothy E. Miller, Jessica L. Brodt
Summary: This article presents recommendations for optimal pain management and opioid stewardship for cardiac surgery patients based on literature appraisal and expert consensus. The recommendations include avoiding high-dose opioids, increasing the use of nonopioid medications and regional anesthesia techniques, enhancing patient and provider education, and implementing structured system-level opioid prescription practices.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Varinder Kaur Randhawa, Sean van Diepen, Benjamin Hibbert, Andre Denault, Warwick Butt, Rakesh Arora
Summary: From the 1960s to the present, coronary care units (CCUs) have undergone advancements in technology and treatment protocols, resulting in improved care for patients with complex cardiovascular disease. The establishment of systems-of-care and referral networks has shifted the demographics and management of critically ill cardiovascular patients. Patients now have access to timely interventions and support devices, such as defibrillation, pacers, thrombolysis, and temporary mechanical circulatory support.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jonathon Fanning, Natasha B. Weaver, Robert J. Fanning, Matthew Griffee, Sung-Min Cho, Mauro G. Panigada, Nchafatso M. Obonyo, Akram Zaaqoq, Hannah Rando, Yew Woon Chia, Bingwen Eugene Fan, Declan Sela, Davide Chiumello, Silvia Coppola, Ahmed Labib, Glenn J. R. C. Whitman, Rakesh S. Arora, Bo Kim, Anna Motos, Antoni Torres, Ferran Barbe, Giacomo Grasselli, Alberto Zanella, Eric Etchill, Asad Ali Usman, Maximilian M. Feth, Nicole Y. White, Jacky Suen, Gianluigi J. Li Bassi, Giles F. Peek, John Fraser, Heidi Dalton
Summary: A high prevalence of HECTOR complications (hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and thrombosis) was observed in ICU patients with severe COVID-19. Hemorrhagic complications were associated with increased ICU mortality, while thrombosis complications were associated with reduced mortality.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christian Stoppe, Ellen Dresen, Sebastian Wendt, Gunnar Elke, Jayshil J. Patel, Liam McKeever, Michael Chourdakis, Bernard McDonald, Patrick Meybohm, Matthias Lindner, Rakesh C. Arora, Ben O'Brien, Vera von Dossow, Sergey Efremov, Vladimir Lomivorotov, Charlene Compher, Jill Yaung, Taryne Imai, Michael Nurok, Andrea Ho, Christian von Loeffelholz, Foong Pui Hing, Xuran Jiang, Daren K. Heyland
Summary: A study was conducted to describe the current nutrition practices in critically ill cardiac surgery patients worldwide. The study found that patients had significant delays in starting enteral nutrition and received low levels of energy and protein. There was also tremendous variability in site performance. However, achieving optimal nutrition performance is feasible.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeffrey Javidfar, Akram M. Zaaqoq, Ahmed Labib, Adrian G. Barnett, J. W. Awori Hayanga, Greg Eschun, Michael H. Yamashita, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Silver Heinsar, Jacky Y. Suen, John F. Fraser, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Rakesh C. Arora, Giles J. Peek
Summary: Obesity is linked to a worse prognosis in COVID-19 patients with ARDS. It remains unclear how morbid obesity directly affects patients treated with V-V ECMO.
